Psychology chapter 14 test

The placebo effect

Because she mistakenly believes that the herbal remedy she is using will help her lose weight, Mrs. Redding is feeling a considerable reduction in her appetite. This best illustrates:

A control group

Many physicians did not realize that bleeding was an ineffective treatment for typhoid fever until researchers made effective use of:

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Nancy's therapist encourages her to think about her strengths rather than her weaknesses and to develop a habit of thanking others when they compliment her or provide emotional support. The therapist's approach best illustrates:

ECT

Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with:

establishing programs to reduce poverty and other demoralizing situations.

Preventive mental health attempts to reduce the likelihood of psychological disorders by:

Exposure therapy

Systematic desensitization is a form of:

Antipsychotic

Tardive dykinesia is associated with the long-term use of certain ________ drugs.

Drug therapies

The double-blind technique is most likely to be used in evaluating the effectiveness of:

Cognitive therapy

The goal of encouraging therapy clients to reduce their incapacitating anxiety by saying positive things to themselves during anxiety-producing situations best illustrates a form of:

establish an empathic, caring relationship with their clients.

The most effective psychotherapists are those who:

Eclectic

An approach to psychotherapy that uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic techniques is referred to as:

Operant conditioning

. In a home for troubled youth, adolescents receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The adolescents return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch TV. This best illustrates an application of:

emphasize the importance of clients' personal interpretations of life events.

Cognitive therapy is most likely to:

Exposure therapy

. A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca best illustrates:

Operant conditioning

A token economy is an application of the principles of:

interpreting the meaning of patients' resistance during therapy.

Classical psychoanalysts were especially interested in:

enabling clients to feel unconditionally accepted.

Client-centered therapy emphasizes the importance of:

Resistance

During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A therapist using psychoanalysis would suggest that this illustrates:

Psychosurgery

If a patient suffers uncontrollable seizures, physicians can destroy specific nerve clusters that cause or transmit the convulsions. This best illustrates a procedure known as:

Systematic desensitization

To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist's technique best illustrates:

aversive conditioning

To help Janet overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment best illustrates:

aerobic exercise

Training seminars that promote therapeutic lifestyle change are most likely to emphasize the value of:

Behavior therapy

Which form of psychotherapy has had especially good results in treating phobias and compulsions?

Thorazine

Which of the following drugs is most likely to provide schizophrenia patients with some relief from their auditory hallucinations and paranoia?

Miranda, who experiences periods of extreme sadness followed by episodes of optimistic overexcitement

Which of the following individuals is most likely to benefit from lithium?

Prozac

Which of the following is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor?

A new perspective on life

Which of the following is most clearly a key element shared by all effective psychotherapies?

Free association

While focusing on several intrusive thoughts that had been bothering her recently, Jenny was instructed by her therapist to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Jenny's therapist was making use of a technique known as:

Carl Rogers

Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy?

Sigmund Freud

Who emphasized the importance of transference in the therapeutic process?