Psychology CP 12 Reading Quiz

foot-in-the-door technique

Which type of persuasion approach involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?

just-world

The ________ hypothesis is the ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve.

Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams.

Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias?

People are dissatisfied if their social exchanges create more costs than benefits unless the relationship is an example of consummate love

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding social exchange theory?

prejudice

A negative attitude and feeling toward an individual that is based solely on that person's membership in a specific group is called ________.

scapegoating

During the international coronavirus pandemic, many people began acting aggressively toward individuals of Chinese descent, blaming them for the virus even though most of those people had lived in the United States for their entire lives. Those Chinese-Americans were the victim of a process called ________.

when the correct choice is unclear

During which kind of situation might a person be most likely to yield to the effects of informational social influence?

confirmation bias

Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a(n) ________.

reciprocity

Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has a high level of ________.

Asch

Henry is juror number four in a murder trial. He believes the accused is guilty, but when the jurors vote it becomes clear he is the only one that thinks this way. Henry votes not guilty along with the other jurors despite what he sees as evidence clearly indicating guilt. This is an example of the ________ effect.

confederate

In Stanley Milgram's obedience research, the person playing the part of the "learner" was an accomplice, or ________, of the experiment. He was aware of the true purpose of the research, was never shocked, and was acting according to Milgramâ s instructions.

in-group

Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. She thinks that those who do not play chess must be less intelligent than those who do, and thus she doesnâ t want to spend time with them. Jasmin has a(n) ________ bias.

companionate

Rhona and Jerome share each other's thoughts and feelings and are prepared to support each other, but they do not feel any real passion toward each other. They have a relationship based on ________ love.

diffusion of responsibility

Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________.

person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting

Within the field of social psychology, a script is defined as a ________.

Dispositionism

________ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors, such as individual traits or temperaments.

Group polarization

________ is the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group.

Simon bites his mother

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training?

students work together with others who are of different racial backgrounds or different ability sets

What is a main feature of the jigsaw classroom?

the amount of contact you have with people

What is the single most important fact that predicts the person with whom you will become friends or have a romantic relationship?

empathy

When Jacob came home from work upset about a disagreement he'd had with his boss, his wife Jodi sat down to listen to him. She imagined the argument that had occurred, and tried to understand how her husband was feeling. Jodi is demonstrating a high level of ________.

peripheral

When a person is making a persuasive argument that utilizes the ________ route, they rely on factors unrelated to their actual message to persuade their listener. The hope is that these factors will encourage positivity with the message itself.

anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year

Which of the following is the best example of central route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route persuasion?

seeking outside opinions on group decisions

Which of the following strategies would effectively prevent groupthink from occurring?