Psychology Exam 3
the quantity of immunogens from vaccines received during the first two years of life were not at all related to the development of autism spectrum disorder
A recent study compared the vaccination histories of 256 children with autism spectrum disorder with that of 752 control children across 3 time periods during their first two years of life. Researchers found that:
group therapy
A treatment modality in which 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meet together with a trained clinician is known as:
to love and to work
According to Freud maturity in development appears in the abilities:
phrenology
An early science that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person's skull is known as:
why persons are the same and different
Any adequate personality theory must explain:
humanism
As the "third force" in psychology,_________ is touted as a reaction both to the pessimistic determinism of psychoanalysis and to the behaviorists' view of humans passively reacting to the environment.
free association psychoanalysis
Clay is in a therapy session. The therapist asks him to relax and say whatever comes to his mind at the moment. This therapist is using _______, which is a technique of ________.
delusion
Clifford falsely believes that the police have planted secret cameras in his home to monitor his every move. His belief is an example of:
Rational Emotive Therapy
Created by Ellis; intrapersonal approach to treating illness, A--->B--->C---->D (interpretation of irrational beliefs and feelings are disputed and molded to become rational)
dissociative identity
Donna exhibits two seperate personalities, each well defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with _______ disorder.
unconditional positive regard
Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?
projective test
Dr. Grimes conducts a _______ by requesting that his patient respond to ambiguous stimuli, thus revealing hidden feelings, thoughts, and desires
preoperational
Egocentrism is a characteristic typical of the _________ stage of development.
severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with __________.
supplement replacement
For Piaget, cognitive development is a process of _________, not __________.
early childhood
Freud believed that the most important time of personality development occurs in:
fine
Grasping a toy, writing with a pencil, and using a spoon are all examples of ______ motor skills.
years
How long does psychoanalysis usually take?
punishment
In Milgram's experiment designed to study obedience, the claimed goal was to look at the effects of ________ on learning.
ID
In the structural model, the basic biological drives define the:
an internal locus of control
Jessica believes that she succeeds in HS because she works hard, earned a place on the basketball team because she practices continually, and cooks well because she takes cooking classes. Rotter would say that she has:
identity
Knowing who and where you are going in life essentially defines Erickson's concept of:
self-serving bias
Making internal contributions for your successes and making external attributions for your failures is an example of:
avoidant
Marcy is 15 months old, and her father is insensitive and inattentive to her needs. Marcy reacts to him the same way she reacts to a stranger-she doesn't care if he leaves the room and when he returns she is slow to notice or react. What kind of attachment is this?
token economy
Patients in Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of _______.
phallic
The oedipal complex occurs during the _______ stage of development.
discontinuous
Theorists who view development as ______ believe that development takes place in unique stages
reciprocity
When it comes to relationships, we expect to share thoughts, feelings, and ideas in a mutual exchange called:
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the US?
telling someone with dyslexia she cannot learn to read, leading her to become illiterate even though she could learn with a little extra effort
Which of the following is an example of self-fulfilling prophecy?
prison
Zimbardo studied the effects of roles on behavior using a mock _________ environment.
teratogen
a _______ is any environmental agent- biological, chemical, or physical- that causes damage.
major depression
a study based on over 9000 US residents found that the most prevalent disorder was:
basic trust and mistrust
according to Erickson, the conflict of infancy is between:
intrapersonal
an abnormal person is caused by an abnormal mind; Albert Ellis
antisocial personality disorder
characterized by lack of regard for others' rights, impulsiveness, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds
consistency
cognitive dissonance causes discomfort because it disrupts our sense of:
tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries
example of a prosocial behavior
counterconditioning
exposure therapy is a ________ technique.
spirochete
germ associated with syphilis
therapy
help for mental disorders
Behavioral Therapy
interpersonal; says that an abnormal person is caused by a bad learning environment; you can fail to learn appropriate responses and actively learn inappropriate responses (pavlovian and operant conditioning)
groupthink
modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus
poor neurotransmitter system
people with mental illnesses have inherited a:
general paresis
physiopersonal disorder; had symptoms of schizophrenia, caused by a germ called a spirochete
indigenous
the ______ approach to the study of personality came about in reaction to the dominance of western approaches to the study of personality in non-western settings
collective unconscious
the ______ refers to the common psychological tendencies that have been passed down from one generation to the next.
Asch
the _________ effect focuses on the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgement
zygote embryo fetus
the following is the correct order of prenatal development
25 years old
the frontal lobes become fully developed by:
congruence
the idea that people's ideas about themselves should match their actions is called:
accomodation
the process of revisiting schema based upon new experience
etiology
the study of explaining the causes of mental illness/problems
identify, explain, and help
the three goals of psychologists
talking loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly
this is an example of flight of ideas
diagnose
to identify
Erik Erickson
triple bookkeeping was a method advocated by:
electroconvulsive therapy
used in a physiopersional approach to treat major illness when medication won't work
medication
used in a physiopersional approach to treat mental illness; major tranquilizers (ex. used to treat schizophrenia) , minor tranquilizers (ex. used to treat anxiety), antidepressants (ex. used to treat depression), lithium and others (ex. used to treat bipolar disorder)
brain surgery
used in a physiopersional approach to treat mental illness; the process of physically changing the brain (frontal lobotomy)
medical model
used to treat/understand physiopersional disorders; psychiatrists use this- an abnormal person is caused by an abnormal body (also called biological or organic model)
directive therapy
which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the therapy developed by Carl Rogers?
object permanence
which of the following is NOT an aspect of cognitive functioning that begins to develop in the formal operational stage?
authoritative
which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America?