Psychology Questions

When the relationship between two variables is extremely strong, the correlation coefficient approaches

-1.00 or 1.00

What is the main idea of the biological perspective of psychology?

Behavior and mental processes arise from physiological activity.

_____ is sharing information with participants after their involvement in a study has ended.

Debriefing

_____ is a research technique in which behavior is described in its everyday environment

Naturalistic observation

Psychologists credit _____ with founding the discipline by opening the first psychology laboratory in _____.

Wilhelm Wundt; 1879

A questionnaire tapping respondents' political attitudes would MOST likely be used in

a survey.

John B.Watson and B. F. Skinner promoted the _____ perspective in psychology.

behavioral

A graduate student is reading dozens of studies examining the effect of external rewards on intrinsic motivation. For each study, she considers the quality of its methods and the implications of its results for a broad theory of motivation. The graduate student is engaged in _____ thinking.

critical

A website claims that it can improve concentration, problem solving, and creativity through simple game-like experiences "based on neuroscience." Before Melanie subscribes to the site, she seeks empirical evidence that the experiences have lasting cognitive benefits. She also examines the credentials of the neuroscientists appearing to endorse the site. In this example, Melanie is using _____ thinking

critical

A psychologist is conducting an experiment on the effects of brainstorming instruction on problem-solving creativity. Participants are randomly assigned to an instruction or a no-instruction group. The creativity of all participants' problem solutions is later assessed. In this experiment, the creativity of problem solutions is the _____ variable.

dependent

Dr. Washington is pursuing psychology's _____ goal when he prepares a report of his observations for publication.

description

Which of psychology's goals is CORRECTLY matched with a keyword

description - observation

Cory creates a pie chart for a sales meeting. The chart MOST likely displays _____ statistics

descriptive

The view that the mind and body are separate is known as _____; it is MOST closely associated with the philosopher _____.

dualism; Descartes

Critical thinking is _____ the scientific method.

embodied in

The correlational method is aimed at

examining relationships among variables

Dr. James deliberately varied facial symmetry in a series of photographs and later measured participants' liking for the faces. Which type of research method did Dr. James use in this scenario?

experimental

A(n) _____ variable is a characteristic of participants or the environment that could unexpectedly influence the outcome of a study.

extraneous

Macy is considering topics she finds personally interesting and is beginning to read some of the psychological research on some of these topics. With respect to the scientific method, Macy is working on the _____ step of the method, namely _____.

first; developing a question

Cindy selects a sample of college students. Using the survey technique, Cindy finds a relationship between the students' scores on an impulsivity scale and their scores on a measure of problem drinking. Cindy wishes to predict the likelihood that a new sample will show the same relationship. She therefore computes _____ statistics

inferential

According to the textbook, psychology is a science because of

its focus on observation and experimentation

A(n) _____ definition precisely states how a variable is to be measured

operational

Concerning the goals of psychology, control is to applying findings as _____ is to _____.

prediction; forecasting outcomes

The _____ perspective is an approach developed by Sigmund Freud that suggests that behavior and personality are shaped by unconscious conflicts

psychoanalytic

The LAST step in the scientific method is

publication

Which process is CORRECTLY described?

random assignment - Each participant is equally likely to be placed in either the control or the experimental group.

By definition, a sample is a(n):

subset of a population of interest

Low response rates may call a sample's representativeness into question. This is MOST often a problem in a(n):

survey.

In a typical experimental session, informed consent

takes place before the experimental procedure begins

A _____ variable is an unaccounted for characteristic of participants or the environment that explains changes in the variables of interest.

third

Which psychologist is matched with the CORRECT perspective?

George Miller - cognitive