psychology- quiz 8
Most adults reach their peak physical development during their _____.
20s
which of the following was proposed by Kubler-Ross?
She proposed a stage model of confronting death, in which the dying individual progresses from denial to acceptance.
what did Harry Harlow demonstrate in his classic study of attachment amongst baby monkeys?
The monkeys were more attached to the cloth mother that was warm and fuzzy
which of the following characterizes pubertal change in adolescents?
The peak of pubertal change occurs at an average age of 11½ for girls and 13½ for boys.
according to Kohlbergs stages of moral development, at the post conventional level,
an individual develops an increasingly personal moral code
Parents who use the _____ parenting style give strict rules to their children with little discussion of the reasons for the rules.
authoritarian
according to ____, as we age, our cells become less capable of dividing
cellular clock theory
which of the following statements is true of Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theory?
children enter a level of cognitive sophistication by learning important aspects of their culture
pattern or grief in which a traumatic grief exposure leads to a long term disruption of functioning in important life domains
chronic dysfunction
differences between individuals that stem not necessarily from their ages but from the historical period and society on which they were born and developed.
cohort effects
Which stage of cognitive development involves replacing intuitive reasoning with logical reasoning in concrete situations?
concrete operational
The work of Harry Harlow established that
contact comfort is more important than feeding in the attachment process.
The free-radical theory states that aging is caused by
damage DNA
which of the following is true of development?
development is the product of nature, nurture, and the complex interaction of the two
which of the following statements is true of brain development in humans?
during childhood, synaptic connections in the brain increase dramatically
In the context of prenatal development, which of the following statements is true of teratogens?
effects depend on timing of exposure
According to Jeffrey Arnett, the transitional period from adolescence to adulthood is described as
emerging adulthood
often termed "maturation" because it involves an unfolding of biological processes
emotional development
recent research on prosocial behavior has found that
empathic parenting is related to more prosocial behavior in children.
according to eriksons theory of socioemotional development, ___ is the best way to build an infants sense of trust.
engaging in establishing a sense that the world is a predictable and safe place
Assimilation allows the person to enjoy a feeling of meaning because
experiences fit into his or her preexisting schemas.
according to james marcia, the two dimensions of identify are
exploration and commitment
children of permissive parents
fail to learn respect for others and have difficulty controlling their behavior.
the social and psychological aspects of being male or female is known as
gender
refers to ways in which people present themselves through their appearance, including hairstyles, clothing, voice and behavior
gender expression
involves expectations for how females and males should think, act, and feel
gender roles
which of the following infant reflexes disappears on the months following birth as infants develop voluntary control over many behaviors?
gripping
which of the following statements is true of the development of the adolescents brain?
in adolescents, brain angels first occur at the subcortical level in the limbic system
which of the following is the final stage of eriksons psychosocial development
integrity vs despair
which of the following is true of gender identify?
it is a persons inner concept of themselves in relation to the ideas of being male, female, both or neither
in adult development, when experience conflicts with existing schemas
it is recommended to alter current ways of thinking.
is the specialization of of function in one hemisphere of the brain or the other
lateralization
according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, formal operational thought is
logical, systematic, abstract, and idealistic
In a female embryo, what allows for the normal development of female sex organs?
low levels of androgens
one of the most important criticisms of Piagets theory of cognitive development is that
many cognitive abilities emerge earlier in children than Piaget thought
developmental psychologist use the term "___" to refer to a persons biological inheritance, especially his or her genes
nature
In the context of human development, _____ refers to the individual's environmental and social experiences.
nurture
a parenting style wherein very few limit or boundaries are set and ample freedom is given to children most likely indicates a ___ parenting style.
permissive
If Tony shares his toys with his little sister because he is afraid of being punished, he is reasoning at the _____ level of moral development.
preconventional
at the Preconventional level of moral development, individuals decide right and wrong based on
punishments or rewards.
socioemotional processes involve changes in an individuals
relationship with other people
If a child is in Piaget's preoperational stage of development, which of the following tasks is the child most likely to perform?
represent the world with words and images
a pattern of grief that describes individuals who experience immediate grief over their loss but only for a brief time and return quickly to their previous levels of functioning
resilience
which of the following represents the correct chronological sequence of piagets stages of cognitive development?
sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
children of authoritative parents tend to
show high self reliance
what is the biggest challenge faces by psychologist who study infant perception?
since infants cannot speak, psychologists may not know whether infants can see or hear certain things
infant attachment is
the close emotional attachment bond between an infant and his or her caregiver
the most dangerous aspect of adolescents egocentrism is
the sense of invisibility
according to Eriksons theory of socioemotional development, the first 18 months of life are devoted to mastering which developmental task?
trust vs mistrust
Infants who display secure attachment _____.
use their caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment
