psychology test 2 - brain
_____ the first frontal lobotomy of _______
1848; Phineas Gage
the brain weighs ___ pounds
3
what is this disease? -memory loss, personality deterioration, and emotional outbursts - caused by damaged and deteriorating neurons in the hippocampus and frontal lobe - 4th leading cause of death in the elderly - does seem to have a genetic link - some believe environmental toxins cause - no cure, just treatment
Alzheimer's disease
speaking fluently, flowing speech. grammar pronunciation (left side)
Broca's area
what is this disease? - symptoms include tremors, shakes, and loss of voluntary muscle movement - caused by a lack of Dopamine - no cue, just treatment - Michael J. Fox and Ali
Parkinson's disease
the two most popular brain diseases are?
Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease
what is the STEM cell?
a cell that can do anything
the ____ regulates automatic functions
automatic
persistent vegetative state is usually only diagnosed after _____
being in a coma
the ____ makes movements graceful and coordinated
cerebellum
controversy?
conception? in vitro fertilization storing embryos banking cord blood selling these things? life expectancy rates for the future? cloning?
what connect the left and right hemispheres and allows communication between them
corpus callosum
what is a thin layer of cells covering the forebrain
cortex
___: a lack of is thought to have an involvement in the development of Parkinson's disease
dopamine
the frontal lobe is affected when ____
drinking alcohol
right hemisphere of the brain does what?
emotional creative artistic spontaneous spatial reasoning skills
____ are the body's natural painkiller; similar to the drug morphine; used for exercise, drug use, and thrill seeking
endorphins
the brain has ____ (change) over time
evolved - theory of evolution
what are the 3 parts of the brain?
forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
the ____ has a role in ADHD
frontal lobe
what are the 4 lobes of the brain?
frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
the ____ turns memories into permanent storage
hippocampus
the ____ regulates hunger, thirst, and sex drives
hypothalamus
the forebrain is the ____ part of the brain
largest
the forebrain contains ___ and _____ hesmisphere
left and right
the ____ is referred to as the "old brain." regulates emotion such as fear, anger, and aggression
limbic system
what is the right to die?
living wills; advance directives; respirator dependent; feeding tube dependent; oregon's death with dignity act; animal euthanaisa
left hemisphere of the brain controls what?
logical analytical organized math language
the ____ controls vital reflexes like breathing, heart rate, blood pressure
medulla
the hindbrain consists of the ____, _____, and _____
medulla, cerebellum, and pons
persistent vegetative state is a state of ____
minimal arousal
initiates voluntary movement
motor cortex
___ are chemical messengers in the brain; there are over 100 in the brain; there are only about 12 identified and named
neurotransmitters
what is persistent vegetative state?
not recognized as "death"
the _____ is involved with vision and sight and is in the back of the head
occipital lobe
in persistent vegetative state, you can?
open eyes, experience sleep/wake cycles
the _____ quiets the body down. restores energy
parasympathetic
the ____ regulates feelings of touch, temperature, and pain
parietal lobe
the ____ is the part of the nervous system that is made of nerves located in the entire body, except in the brain or spinal cord. (can regrow and regenerate)
peripheral nervous system
the frontal lobes controls?
personality, decision making skills and judgement
the___ manufactures sleep chemicals
pons
the mid brain has _____ which arouses and alerts the forebrain...sends signals
reticular formation
____: a lack of is thought to cause DEPRESSION
serotonin
the ____ carries information to and from sense organs
somatic
what are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
somatic and automatic
the ____ is the fight or flight response. spends body's energy
sympathetic
what are the two divisions of the automatic nervous system?
sympathetic and parasympathetic
spatial reasoning skills are what?
the ability to visualize; directions; visualizing a map
the ____ is the part of the nervous system that is made of neurons (brain cells) located in the brain and the spinal cord. (can't regrow or regenerate)
the central nervous system
what is brain death?
the irreversible end of all brain activity; assessed through many tests; controversial
what is coma?
unresponsive for more than 6 hours; does not respond to stimuli; no sleep/wake cycles; eyes do not open
the temporal lobe contains the _____ - involved in hearing and speaking coherently
wernick's area
