Psychology Test

When you make a judgment based on probability, you use which type of heuristic?

Base rate

Scientists looking for the brain's language center believe that

Broca's area is involved in production and Wernicke's area with understanding

Recently, you've seen several reports of shark attacks in Florida on the news. You go to a beach in California and can't make yourself get in the water because all you can think about are sharks. This is an example of what type of heuristic?

Availability

Which is NOT true of heuristics?

They are never helpful

Fluid intelligence refers to a person's

ability to learn new ways of doing things

Which of the following forms of communication is NOT generally considered to be language?

alarm calls

Using Roy G Biv to learn the colors of the rainbow is an example of

an acronym

Specific intelligence refers to

an aspiring chemist performing well on a chemistry quiz

High analytical intelligence is linked to a person's ability to

answer questions with a single answer

Charles Spearman theorized that intelligence levels

are consistent across a variety of mental tasks

The holophrastic stage refers to the time when

babies can use a few words and understand many more

Ulric Neisser and his colleagues said that intelligence includes all of the following abilities except

being a strong test-taker

When you buy a car after a long and difficult search, an example of choice supportive bias is

believing the car you chose is clearly far superior to others you considered

George Miller's study concluded that our short-term memory can hold

between five and nine items

Babies first use phonemes in their language when they are

between six and seven months old

Many studies suggest that intelligence is affected by

both genetic and environmental factors

The language of vervet monkeys

can't be combined to produce additional meanings

Attention is the ability to focus on specific information. Which of the following is mentioned as an important component of attention?

choice

Feeling unsure that you chose the right job after having two offers is an example of

cognitive dissonance

Encoding involves the process of

converting information into a form that your brain can store

Divergent thinking could also be called

creative problem solving

A person's Intelligence Quotient, or IQ, is determined by

dividing mental age by chronological age

A memory that relies on hearing sounds is a(n)

echoic memory

Linguist Noam Chomsky believes that

everyone shares a universal grammar hard-wired into their brains

Selective attention involves

focusing on certain things while ignoring others

The term 'eugenics' literally means

good genes

Multitasking is known to

hamper attention

A baseball player's schema from his home ballpark can

help him find the locker room at another ballpark

Possible causes of the Flynn effect include all of the following except

human evolution

Sensory memories include

iconic and echoic memories

When you still see an image after closing your eyes, you're utilizing your

iconic memory

Chunking has the effect of

increasing the potential for short-term memory

A politician who excels at remembering names, fostering cooperation and inspiring those around him exhibits

interpersonal intelligence

A person with a heightened self-awareness has a high level of

intrapersonal intelligence

Creativity is important because

it helps you solve real-world problems, which require creativity along with analytical intelligence

A person who learns mathematics better by working through problem sets than listening to a lecture utilizes

kinesthetic intelligence

Alfred Binet's test was originally designed to help the French government identify

learning disabilities

Henry Goddard's goal was to

limit the immigration of 'inferior' people into the U.S.

A master chess player employs

logical intelligence

Vowels and consonants are examples of

phonemes

We're better able to remember material if it is

presented in a familiar way

A veteran chef may chop an onion by relying on her

procedural memory

Repeating your new ATM pin several times to remember it is an example of a(n)

rehearsal

If you remember the name of your boss's spouse because it's also the name of your childhood pet, you're using

self-referencing

Howard Gardner theorized that people exhibit intelligences in

several different areas at different levels

David Wechsler believed that intelligence tests

should measure more than a single quantity

Short-term memory can hold

small amounts of information briefly

Being unable to recall who told you a particular anecdote is an example of

source amnesia

The Flynn effect refers to the scores on intelligence tests

steadily increasing over the years

Crystallized intelligence refers to a person's

stockpile of accumulated knowledge

Bottom-up processing involves

studying small details

An example of a morpheme is

the 'de-' in 'deconstruct'

General global intelligence refers to

the constant level of mental performance across diverse mental tasks

People are more creative in an area if

they are intrinsically interested in that area

An example of the misinformation effect is when a man tells a story about something that happened to him

though it actually happened to his wife

The best way to retrieve information from your brain is

through association

Combinability describes the ability of words

to be combined to produce distinct meanings

When most people are presented with a situation in which they could use either the representativeness or base-rate heuristic, they

typically use the representativeness heuristic.

Overextending language is when a baby

uses a single word to mean many different things

With top-down processing, a person focuses on

utilizing previous knowledge

Charles Spearman's factor analysis compares

variability across multiple tasks

Long-term memory can hold

vast amounts of information indefinitely

Long-term memories include all of the following except

visual memory

Remembering that the index finger and thumb of your left hand form an L is an example of a(n)

visual mnemonic

The Bell Curve' was controversial for suggesting that

African Americans and Latinos have a genetically lower intelligence than Caucasians and Asian Americans

Zoe is watching someone flip a coin several times. Someone asks her which sequence is more likely: Heads - Tails - Heads - Heads or Tails - Heads - Tails - Heads. She decides the first sequence looks more random and better matches the outcome she would expect. This is an example of which heuristic?

Representativeness

If you are using spaced learning to study for a test on Friday, you may study on

Saturday, Monday and Thursday