Psychotherapy Final

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Cognitive restructuring plays an important role in whose approach to therapy?

all of these

Concerning research on psychotherapy, it can be said that Carl Rogers

all of these

During the second wave of behavior therapy, therapists

all of these

Gestalt therapists say that clients resist contact by means of

all of these

In Gestalt therapy, the relationship between client and counselor is seen as

all of these

In applying the person-centered approach to crisis intervention, therapists:

all of these

In conducting a behavioral assessment, the client's functioning is taken into account in which areas?

all of these

Person-centered research has been conducted

all of these

The empty chair technique

all of these

The person-centered approach has been applied to

all of these

The therapeutic process in solution-focused brief therapy involves:

all of these

What is the function of the behavior therapist

all of these

What would be the most accurate way of describing mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) to a friend or colleague?

all of these

Which methods are often used in reality therapy

all of these

Without proper training, Gestalt therapists may

all of these

self-management strategies include

all of these

When practicing mindfulness

all of these.

According to Gestalt theory, people use avoidance in order to

all of thses

Therapists utilizing motivational interviewing strategies view clients as:

allies who play a major role in their present and future success

The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is

attaining awareness, and with it greater choice.

According to Dreikurs, four goals of children's misbehavior include: (p.421)

attention getting, power struggle, and assumed disability

B.F. Skinner is associated with which of the following trends in the behavioral approach?

operant conditioning

A contribution of this therapeutic approach is

all of these

A self-actualized person

all of these

Accurate empathic understanding helps clients to

all of these

Behavior therapists tend to

all of these

Behavior therapy is best suited for

all of these

Which of the following is not one of Ellis' three basic musts?

"I must be kind to others or else I wont' be a good person"

What is Robert Wubboding likely to say about people's problem's?

"People don't have problems, they have solutions that have not worked"

A reality therapist would most likely respond to a client's complaint of melancholy, sad mood by

"Sounds like you're depressing"

Which of the following is not true about Gestalt techniques?

Experiments are always carried out during the therapy session, rather than outside it

Donna feels certain that no one will ever want to hire her because she has a timid personality.

. ask Donna to examine another side of the story she is presenting about herself and think of times when she was accepted by others.

Which of the following is not true about the most recent trends in person-centered therapy

Acceptance and clarification are the main techniques used

Who was the first person of the modem era to do family therapy

Adler

Family atmosphere, family constellation, and mistaken goals are key concepts of: (p.414)

Adlerian family therapy

Problem descriptions and goal identification, typical day, the child interview and goal disclosure are techniques used in: (p.419

Adlerian family therapy

The teleological lens is central to:

Adlerian family therapy

Who has done most of the work in the area of modeling

Albert Bandura

The founder of Rational Emotive Therapy

Albert Ellis

Which ofthe following individuals is not associated with family therapy?

Albert Ellis

Which theorist is known for his or her abrasive, humorous, and flamboyant style?

Albert Ellis

Which of the following is not true about how behavior therapists function in the therapeutic setting?

All of these

________ is a key pioneer of clinical behavior therapy because of his broadening of its conceptual bases and development of multimodal therapy

Arnold Lazarus

Which of the following behavior theorists is credited with developing the social cognitive learning model, doing much work on observational learning and modeling, and writing about self-efficacy?

Bandura

All of the following are characteristic of the behavioral approaches except

Behavior therapy employs the same procedures to every client with a particular dysfunctional behavior

Which approach assumes that a family can best be understood when it is analyzed from at least a three-generational perspective? (p.410)

Bowenian family therapy

Which approach to family therapy contends that one's current family problems will not significantly change until relationship patterns in one's family of origin are understood and directly challenged? (p. 415)

Bowenian family therapy

The main function of the rational emotive behavior therapist is to

Challenge clients to reevaluate their ideas and philosophy of life

Which statement is not true?

Contemporary behavior therapy is increasingly concerned with behavioral control. True Statements: Behavioral and humanistic approaches cannot be reconciled. Current behavior therapy is grounded on a deterministic view of persons. Behavioral methods can be used to attain humanistic ends. Contemporary behavior therapy focuses on how people are determined by their social and cultural environments.

Which is not true of DBT?

DBT is a blend of Adlerian concepts and behavioral concepts

Which of the following is not true about Fritz Perls?

During his childhood, he was a model student

Which of the statements below regarding Emotion Focused Therapy (EFT) is not true?

EFT was developed by Fritz Perls wife, Laura

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the person centered approach

Emphasis is given to developing a contract for therapy

Who among the following is not considered a relational Gestalt therapist?

Fritz Perls

Which of the following is not true about role playing in REBT?

It is a way of surfacing unfinished business

Which of the following is not true about the Gestalt view of the role of confrontation in therapy?

It is not possible to be both confrontational and gentle with clients

Who developed a cognitive behavioral program for diet and maintenance and has written trade books about this topic?

Judith Beck

Which of the statements below regarding Motivational Interviewing is not accurate?

MI was developed by Maslow in the late 70s after he created his theory on self-actualization

Phil has been in behavior therapy to address his fear of heights. The treatment will not be considered complete until:

Phil transfers what he learns in therapy to his everyday life and takes steps to confront his fear

What do reality therapists believe about the use of questions?

Relevant questions help clients gain insights and arrive at plans and solutions

Which family therapist made use of innovative interventions such as metaphor, reframing, rules for interaction, parts party, family reconstructions, family sculpting, and family maps?

Satir

The therapy goals of promoting growth, self-esteem, connection, and helping family members achieve congruent communication and interaction is most associated with which theory of family therapy? (p.418)

Satir's human validation process model

Which of the following i not a key concept of the person-centered approach?

The focus is on the exploration of a client's past

reality is objectively defined

The postmodern view incorporates all of the following concepts except for the notion that:

Which statements are true of the person-centered approach?

The techniques a therapist uses are less important than his or her attitudes

Which of the following is not a basic characteristic of behavior therapy?

The therapist is manipulative and controlling

Which is not true of the relationship between therapist and client in behavior therapy?

The therapist is solely responsible for setting treatment goals

Which of the following is true about "technical eclectism" in multimodal therapy?

Therapists use techniques from various theoretical models without subscribing to the theory

Which of the following is false as it applies to the practice of solution-focused brief therapy?

Using techniques in therapy is a way of discounting a client's capacity to find his or her own way.

A consistent theme that underlies most of Carl Roger's writing is

a faith in the capacity of individuals to develop in a constructive manner if a climate of trust is established

Reality therapy is best categorized as

a form of cognitive behavior therapy.

All of the following are true about planning and commitment in reality therapy except

a great deal of time is spent on this step of reality therapy

The person-centered philosophy views diagnosis as

a labeling process that diminishes the therapist's ability to develop a holistic understanding of the client

Third-generation behavior therapies have been developed that center around five interrelated core themes. Which of these is not one of the core themes?

a more precise focus on psychopathology

. A potential limitation of the family systems model is: (p.440)

a particular family member's needs may be overshadowed by the needs of the system.

Behavior therapy is associated with all but one of the following

a philosophical view of human behavior

person-centered therapy is best described as

a philosophy of how the therapy process develops

Adrianne, who is uncertain about her career goals and is afraid to commit to any career path, is working with a therapist who specializes in using motivational interviewing strategies. What will her therapist look for in order to assess the success of therapy?

a reduction in Adrianne's ambivalence about choosing a career path and an increase in her intrinsic motivation to clarify her direction

Reality therapy is best described as

a short-term therapy that stresses doing.

In Gestalt therapy, the experiment is considered

a theoretical proposition crafted to fit the client's unique needs

Techniques that differentiate behavioral group therapy from other models of group work include all but

a time-limited intervention

The correct components of ABC theory of personality are

activating event, belief, consequence

The key principle on applied behavior analysis is

a. to use the least aversive means to change behavior.

The person-centered view of human nature:

affirms a person's capacity to direct his or her own life.

The major focus of family therapy is

all of the ABOVE

A family systems perspective is grounded on the assumption(s) that a client's problematic behavior may:

all of the above

REBT can best be considered as:

all of the above

Reality therapy has gained popularity with

all of the above

behavior therapy is characterized by

all of the above

Wubboding believes all of the following encourage the client's involvement in therapy except for:

allowing the client to focus on symptoms

Contemporary gestalt therapists view client resistance as

an element of therapy that needs to be respected

In the ABC model, the A stands for

antecedents

behavior therapy is based on

applying the experimental method to the therapeutic process.

Often Greta, who struggles to feel good about herself, comes to sessions with slouched posture. In order to help Greta gain a clearer understanding of the inner meaning of her slouched posture, a Gestalt therapist might:

ask Greta to intensify her poor posture, which is likely to intensify her feelings attached to it

Reality therapists are likely to deal with all of the following except for:

asking clients to recall, report, and share dreams

Which of the following is not one of the seven major areas of personality functioning described by the acronym BASIC ID?

aspirations

Haley has difficulty turning down dates and consistently allows men to take advantage of her. A behavioral intervention that may help Haley establish appropriate boundaries with others and speak up for herself is:

assertion training

Which of the following is not considered one of the six methodological components of Gestalt therapy

assessment

In cognitive therapy, techniques are designed to

assist individuals in making alternative interpretations of events in their daily living.

In the view of the postmodern therapist, the most essential element of therapy is:

b. the collaborative therapeutic relationship.

Sonia, a recovering alcoholic, is going through relapse prevention. During this process, it is likely that she will:

be taught to view any lapses that occur as learning opportunities rather than

Empirical support for Gestalt therapy is

becoming stronger

Sergio is co-leading a social skills group for children with Aspergers. He and his co-leader must collect data on group members' progress:

before, during, and after all interventions

behavior therapy assumes that

behavior is learned

According to REBT, what is the core of most emotional disturbance?

blame

Sandra is a reality therapist who is meeting her client Paul, who struggles with career indecision, for the first time. How might she begin her work with Paul?

by asking Paul what he wants from therapy

Erv Polster believes that storytelling

can be the heart of the therapeutic process since people are storytelling beings.

Carl Rogers's position on confronting the client is that

caring confrontations can be beneficial

In reality therapy, the counseling environment is

characterized by a therapeutic climate that establishes the foundation for implementing procedures

Wolpe's systematic desensitization is based on the principles of:

classical conditioning

Which of the following REBT techniques helps a client gradually learn to deal with anxiety and challenge basic irrational thinking?

cognitive homework

Rational emotive behavior therapy belongs to which category of therapy?

cognitive-behavior/action oriented

Which of the following is the correct order of the three phases of Meichenbaum's stress-inoculation program?

conceptual-application-rehearsal

Beck cognitive therapy involves all of the options below except

conducting a lifestyle assessment

Because of his need to be liked, Jose makes careful efforts to get along with everyone and minimize interpersonal conflicts. Which boundary disturbance is Jose exhibiting?

confluence

According to Carl Rogers, the three core conditions that create a growth-promoting climate are

congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathic understanding

In order for a therapist to communicate "accurate empathic understanding" the counselor must

connect emotionally to the client's subjective experience

Which of the following is not considered a necessary and sufficient condition for change in the person-centered framework?

creative expression

In REBT, what method is taught to clients to help them challenge irrational beliefs?

disputational method

In person-centered group therapy, the leader

displays a sense of trust in the members

REBT contends that people

do not need to be accepted and loved.

The main goal of behavior therapy

eliminating maladaptive learning and providing for more effective learning.

One strength of cognitive behavior therapy group counseling is that

emphasis is placed on symptom prevention

Adlerian family therapy strives to as its goal. (p.418)

establish and support parents as effective leaders of the family

Which of the following is not part of the five-step treatment procedure used in a coping-skills program

evaluating the anxiety level of the client by using both physiological and psychological tests

Field theory suggests

everything in human experience is relational and in constant flux

Which of the following is not one of the Gestalt group leader's roles?

evoking group catharsis

Which of these solution-focused therapy techniques involves asking clients to describe times in their lives when they were able to solve their problem or when their problem was less severe?

exception questions

Gestalt therapy is a form of

existential therapy

Reality therapy is based on which of the following orientations to understanding human behavior

existential-phenomenological

what is not a part of the steps in a self-directed change program?

exploration of one's family constellation

In the solution-oriented approach, which is not considered one of the three basic parts to the structure of summary feedback?

expressing concern

The person centered therapist is best described as a

facilitator

Which of the following techniques is a strategic family therapist least likely to use? (

family sculpting

All are true of solution-focused brief therapists except that they:

focus on the client's early childhood experiences.

Which of the following is not a function of the reality therapist?

focusing on areas in the client's life that need improvement so that he or she can achieve a "success identity"

Which method is not employed in REBT?

free association

Behavior therapists look to the current environmental events that maintain problem behaviors and help clients produce behavior change by changing environmental events, through a process called:

functional assessment

. A tool for collecting and organizing key relationships in a three-generational extended family is a:

genogram

Which of the following personal characteristics of the therapist is most important, according to Carl Rogers?

genuineness

Which of the following roles and functions would be least interesting to a structural family therapist? (

giving voice to the therapist's own impulses and fantasies

Which of the following is not true about Carl Rogers

he developed cognitive therapy

Person-centered therapy is a

humanistic approach to therapy

All of the following are steps in the use of systematic desensitization except:

hypnosis`

. A solution-oriented therapist might ask her client, a compulsive shopper, which of the following questions?

if a miracle happened and your shopping compulsion was solved overnight, how would you know its solved what would be different?

All of the following are true about social skills training except

in requires clients to engage in catharsis

In Meichenbaum's cogitative behavior modification, what is given primary importance?

inner speech

The client's quality world consists of all of the following except:

insight

In vivo flooding consists of

intense and prolonged exposure to the actual anxiety-provoking stimuli

A healthy contact experience involves

interacting with others while maintaining a sense of self, creativity, and maintaining balance between the figure and the ground.

Which of the following lenses addresses the family 's goals? (p. 421 )

internal family systems

REBT views emotional disturbances as the result of:

irrational thinking and behaving

Which of the following is not true of Beck's cognitive therapy?

it asserts that irrational beliefs lead to emotional problems

Which of the following would not be considered a feature of good self-contract?

it is a verbal agreement between client and therapist

The situation in which behaviors are influenced by the consequences that follow them is:

operant condition

All of the following are true as they apply to self-instructional therapy, except that:

it is an outgrowth of an approach used widely by crisis intervention workers called self-induced change therapy

Which of the following is true about the relationship between a client and a rational emotive behavior therapist?

it is characterized by full acceptance and tolerance

Narrative therapy has been found to be particularly effective with diverse client populations for all of the following reasons except:

it teaches diverse clients to replace their own narratives with ones that conform more closely to the ideals and values of mainstream culture.

A feature of REBT that distinguishes it from other cognitive-behavioral therapies is:

its systematic exposition of irrational beliefs that result in emotional and behavioral disturbance

According to REBT, it is important to change the way one uses language because

language shapes feelings

In group settings, behavior therapists must provide all of the following except

little direct feedback

According to Rogerian therapy an "internal source of evaluation" is defined as:

looking more to oneself for the answers to the problems of existence

In working with a triangulated relationship, Bowen would be inclined to place primary emphasis on: (p.415)

maintaining a stance of neutrality

Which of the following Gestalt techniques involves asking one person to speak to each of the other group members?

making the rounds

MBCT integrates techniques from

mindfulness based stress reduction and cognitive behavior therapy

The technique of reflection involves the therapist

mirroring the client's emotional experience of a particular situation.

According to Natalie Rogers, external conditions that nurture creativity include all of the following except

negative reinforcement

_____ involves the removal of unpleasant stimuli from a situation once a certain behavior has occurred

negative reinforcement

Which of the following is the correct order in terms of the historical development of Carl roger's approach to counseling?

nondirective/ client-centered/person-centered

A limitation of behavior therapy is

none of these

Person-centered therapy is best explained as

none of these

The main therapeutic goal of REBT is

none of these

In acceptance commitment therapy (ACT), another way to describe the term "acceptance"

nonjudgmental awareness

Skinner's view of shaping behavior is based on the principle of:

operant condition

The premise of exposure based therapies is that anxiety is reduced through

pairing a feared stimulus with a competing, calming response

The Gestalt therapist

pays attention to the client's nonverbal language.

In the 1960s and 1970 Rogers did a great deal to spearhead the development of:

personal-growth groups and encounter groups

Carlos, an 8 year old boy was recently removed from his home because he was being physically and sexually abused by his father. In accordance with Maslow's framework, which needs took precedence?

physical and safety needs

The __________ that recently has come into prominence shares many concepts on the healthy side of human existence with the humanistic approach

positive psychology movement

Patrick has been confronted by family members and friends about his excessive gambling. Despite their attempts to help him, he insists that they are overreacting and that he has everything under control. He does not feel the need to alter his behaviors. Patrick is at which stage of change?

precontemplation

A reality therapist will primarily focus on:

present behavior.

In terms of ethical accountability, behavior therapy:

provides a basis for responsible practice

The REBT technique that involve having clients imagine themselves in situations where they feel inappropriate feelings is called

rational-emotive imagery

Triangles in family relationships can best be explained as ____ _

reducing anxiety and emotional tension in relationships

In DBT, skills are taught in 4 modules. Which among the following is not one of the modules listed?

relapse prevention

Which of the following clinical strategies is not necessarily employed during assertion training?

relaxation

Which of the following interventions is not associated with the third wave of behavior therapy

relaxation training

Person-centered expressive arts therapy is founded all of the following notions except

releasing creative energy is based on the principle of regression

Which of the following procedures would a reality therapist be least likely to employ

reliving an early childhood event

EDMR is typically used to help clients

restructure their cognitions regarding traumatic events

A teenage girls is angry with her parents and cuts on her arm. In Gestalt terms, she is most likely engaging in:

retroflection

Which of the following is not one of Miriam Polster's three stages in her integration sequence?

reunification

Michael believes that he will be able to improve his public speaking skills after completing a speech course at school. Based on social-cognitive theory, one might observe that Michael is not lacking in:

self efficacy

If your client wanted to change a behavior, for instance, learning to control smoking, drinking, or eating, which behavioral technique would be most appropriate to employ?

self-management

Which of the following aspects of a client's use of language would a Gestalt therapist not focus on?

semantics

From Carl Rogers's perspective the client/therapist relationship is characterized by

sense of equality

All of following are cognitive methods of REBT except for

shame-attacking exercises

Which REBT technique involves having the client do the very thing they avoid because of "what people might think?"

shame-attacking exercises

Mariah tells her therapist, a Gestaltist, that she dreamt she got married to a pit bull and felt uneasy about telling her parents that she married a dog. When her parents discovered their son-in-law was a pit bull, they disowned her and suddenly became dogs themselves. In response to this dream, Mariah's therapist:

should assist her client in reliving the dream as though it was happening in the now and have her become each part of the dream

What lens includes the biological, individual, relational, familial, and societal levels?

the developmental lens

Multimodal therapy is a therapeutic approach that is grounded on:

social learning theory

Postmodern thought has contributed to family therapy by:

stimulating the therapist's view of clients as the experts on their own lives.

Which of the following is least associated with Satir's human validation process model?

storied lives and narratives

Which approach would be most interested in the appropriateness of hierarchical structure in the family?

structural family therapy

The role of the client in rational emotive behavior therapy is like that of a

student or learner

Which anxiety reduction technique involves creating a hierarchy of the client's fearful experiences?

systematic desensitization

Stress innoculation training consists of all the following except

tapping into the unconscious realm

Lazarus argues in favor of

technical eclecticism

What is a limitation of person-centered therapy?

the approach does not emphasize the role of techniques in creating change in the client's life

A critical difference between early gestalt therapy and relational gestalt therapy is

the approach to confrontation

Which of the following is not true regarding behavior therapy

the client is merely passive while the therapist uses techniques

Carl Rogers drew heavily from existential concepts, especially as they apply to

the client/therapist relationship

REBT employs what kind of method to help people resolve their emotional and behavioral problems?

the empirical method

One point of disagreement between existential and humanistic thought involves

the idea of an innate self-actualizing drive

All of the following are characteristics shared by the postmodern and person-centered approaches except

the importance of using specific techniques in therapy.

Which of the following distinguishes the cognitive trend in behavior therapy from the trends of classical and operant conditioning?

the integration of thoughts and feelings in the process of behavior change

When a person experiences and internal conflict, (namely a conflict between the topdog and underdog), which of the following techniques would be most appropriate?

the internal dialogue exercise

An REBT therapist would contend that anxiety stems from:

the internal repetition of irrational sentences

Which lens of family therapy is most likely to be concerned with the question, "How does the family's level of economics, education, ethnicity, religion, race, regional background, gender, and age affect the family's processes?"

the multicultural lens

A couple directs the focus of their energy toward a problematic son as a way to avoid facing or dealing with their own conflicts. This is an example of: (p.415)

triangulation

One of the main way that Beck's cognitive therapy differs from Ellis's REBT is that in Beck's approach, more so than in Ellis's approach

the quality of the therapeutic relationship is basic to the therapy process

What is the most important factor related to progress in person centered therapy

the relationship between the client and therapist

A Gestalt technique that is most useful when a person attempts to deny an aspect of his or her personality (such as tenderness) is:

the reversal exercise

Structural family therapy includes all of the following goals except for bringing about structural change by: (p. 418)

the therapist taking a not-knowing stance with a family.

Arguably, the most central limitation of the person centered approach is

the therapist's limitations as a person

A factor that distinguishes the person-centered approach to group counseling from other approaches is

the therapist's role as facilitator

One of the limitations of the person-centered approach is that

there can be a tendency to give too much support and enough challenge

According to the Gestalt perspective, if people do not remember their dreams:

they may be refusing to face what is wrong with their lives

The cognitive-behavioral approach to therapy stresses

thinking, judging, analyzing, and doing

The function of the reality therapist is

to assist clients in dealing with the present.

The person-centered therapist's most important function is

to be his or her real self in the relationship with a client

The role of the leader in solution-focused therapy groups is not:

to provide clients with simple solutions to their problems.

All of the following are techniques used in solution-focused therapy except for:

using the reflecting team

Which of the following is not a component of total behavior

wanting

WDEP stands for

wants, doing, self-evaluation, planning.

The paradoxical theory of behavior change suggests

we change through becoming aware of who we currently are.

According to Ellis, we develop emotional and behavioral difficulties because:

we think of simple preferences as dire needs

According to Gestalt theory, all of the following are true about contact except

withdrawal after a good contact experience indicates neurosis

Techniques used in MBSR include all but

yoga


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