public speaking ch 2

Considering the contextual factors of your speech, if you are giving a presentation at 8 a.m. on a Monday, what might you prepare to do for parts of your presentation?

.Have the audience engage one another./Have the audience do physical participation

When considering the demographic characteristics of your audience, what is the most likely reason you would NOT want to focus so much on their age?

Age characteristics are outdated

Why is changing attitudes a primary task of public speakers?

Attitudes are the most determining factor in what people do

What are some things you can do to improve your own listening and help others around you listen?

Be prepared and have a purpose to listen./Believe that improving your own listening behavior is important./Take notes and write questions that arise.

If you are giving a presentation at 8 a.m. on a Monday, what would you likely NOT want to do? (Choose all that apply)

Discuss complicated facts and data for two hours./ Turn down the lights and show a 30-minute video./ Present a slideshow that explains every point in detail

When doing audience analysis, what is the most likely reason you would want to consider the family status of your audience?

Family status affects priorities and values.

What are the biggest benefits of knowing the time limit for a speech you are to give? (Choose all that apply)

It imposes on you a discipline and focus./It tells you how much can realistically be covered./ It makes you practice to hit that limit, making the speech better

Unless the audience is brought together because of common faith concerns or they share the same affiliation, how does religious faith likely factor in audience analysis?

It is not a central factor in audience analysis

If you, as a speaker, were taking into account the characteristics of your audience, which of the following should you be aware of?

Not all of their characteristics are equal./The audience has several characteristics to be aware of./Their characteristics can be positive or negative.

Which of the following are likely NOT true when considering the demographic characteristics of an audience you are about to speak to? (Choose all that apply)

One common characteristic can sum up the audience./Their characteristics will be the same the next time you speak to them./All of their characteristics are equal.

A speaker wants to provide an anecdote about successfully negotiating a raise. Considering the socioeconomic demographic, what should he NOT do?

Provide the specific dollar amount of the raise

Religion is an area where you should be conscious of the diversity of your audience. When might a particular religious faith be a big factor in audience analysis?

The audience has common faith concerns. The audience shares the same religious affiliation.

Which of the following is NOT a reason change can be difficult?

We have no self-concept of our beliefs

Contextual factors influence your approach to any presentation. Which of the following is NOT a question you would ask yourself about the context of your speech when planning your presentation?

What are the audience's core beliefs and values?

When would it be most critical to use a microphone and large visual aids for your presentation?

You are presenting to a large audience

Which of the following would be included in the region demographic category? (Choose all that apply)

a rural area, the southwest, the suburbs

Which of the following is NOT a level on the pyramid of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

advantage

Having a certain credential can be seen as a guarantee of having done what?

attained a certain skill

Psychographic characteristics explain which of following qualities of your audience? (Choose all that apply)

beliefs, values, needs, attitudes

Attitudes lead to actions, and actions lead to and strengthen attitudes, which is why a primary task of public speakers is

changing attitudes

In order to improve your own listening and help the others around you listen, what should you be sure NOT to do when listening to a speech? (Choose all that apply)

check facts on your cell phone, Ask for clarification from the people around you

You may not have much control over the physical space where you will give your speech, but what is one simple thing you can do that would make a big difference in the space and have a positive effect on the audience?

close the door

Simply _____________ is something you likely have access to that can make a world of difference in the physical space and its effect on the audience.

closing the door

The biggest reason you need to consider family status as a valuable demographic is because it may be very important to the audience's

concerns and values

Just as facts and qualities about the audience will influence your speech, so do __________ factors, such as the time and the place of the speech.

contextual

Having a certain ___________ can be seen as a guarantee of having learned a set of knowledge or attained certain skills.

credential

When men communicate, they tend to be _______________, tending toward basic facts and limited details.

deductive and direct

As you become more aware of what other speakers are doing, you will see how they use certain tactics, like _________ to hide a lack of facts or logic.

dramatic delivery

When men communicate, they often tend toward basic facts, which may give some the impression they are not as ___________ as women.

emotional

One of the advantages of studying public speaking is that you become more aware of what other speakers are doing. For example, you might recognize a speaker is using dramatic delivery and emotional appeal to hide a lack of

facts or logic

Most audiences will be homogeneous, which means there will be a mixture of different types of people and demographic characteristics, like race, ethnicity, and culture.

false

We have traditionally ascribed certain roles, behaviors, motivations, interests, and concerns to people of certain ages, so age is the most stable means of categorizing the demographics of an audience.

false

Dividing the categories of of race, ethnicity, and culture is not easy, and most audiences will be

heterogeneous

If you are considering the sexual orientation demographic of your audience, which of the following words would you most likely want to avoid?

husband/girlfriend

Women tend to communicate ____________, meaning they give a lot of details, ask questions, and use qualifiers.

inductively

Whereas demographic characteristics describe the external facts about the people in your audience, psychographic characteristics explain their

inner qualities

Which of the following are common barriers to listening? (Choose all that apply)

lack of capacity, life concerns, digital devices

You may hear a car horn or a dog barking, but if you need to specifically make an effort to understand, process, and retain information, you need to

listen

__________ is different from hearing, in that it implies an active process of making an effort to understand, process, and retain information.

listening

The popular diagram known as ____________ represents our needs as we move up a pyramid of progression.

maslow's hierarchy of needs

What are some things you will almost certainly need if you are presenting to an audience of around 100 people that you probably would not need if presenting to an audience of 15 people?

microphone, large visual aids

What is the main reason occupation is an important demographic characteristic that might be central to a presentation?

occupations reflect our values, interests, and abilities.

There are many barriers to listening. Which of the following are common reasons someone in your audience might not be able to listen?

physical fatigue, lack of capacity, noise and distractions

Listening is hard work, but you can help the audience through _____________, a process by which you repeat and restate parts of the speech to help the audience listen.

planned redundancy

While you cannot know the exact pay of your audience, what should you be careful NOT to do when giving a presentation?

portray your socioeconomic level as superior to theirs

When women communicate they often take on a __________ style, which includes giving a lot of details before moving to a conclusion, being less direct, and using qualifiers.

rapport

A person's residence in urban Northeastern United States would be included in which demographic characteristic?

region

Planned redundancy is a process by which you ____________ parts of your speech to help the audience listen.

repeat and restate

If you are considering the sexual orientation demographic of your audience, what are some examples of inclusive language you should try to use? (Choose all that apply)

spouse, partner

If a speaker were to assume that because a few people in a group have a characteristic all of them do, what would the speaker be doing?

stereotyping

In order to know how much of a given topic can realistically be covered, what is the most important thing the speaker needs to know?

the time limit for the speech

If a speaker were to take one characteristic of a group and make it the sum of what that group is, what would the speaker be doing?

totalizing

If the audience is attending your presentation because of common interest, everything you do in the speech should be relevant to their reason for being there.

true

t/f Everything you do in your speech should be relevant to the common interest, commitment, responsibility, or any other reason the audience has gathered.

true

t/f When we consider the values characteristic, we know that if a person engages in a cleanup of a city park, she may not necessarily value the park but rather the appearance of the community and the future of the environment.

true

When considering the __________ characteristic, we can see that a person may want a luxurious mansion, but they may only want it because it would represent their prestige.

values

We choose our occupations because they reflect our ________________, and as we associate with colleagues in that occupation, these are strengthened.

values, interests, and abilities