Public Speaking Final 2019
Monroe's Motivated Sequence (5 steps)
-Attention -Needs -Satisfaction/Solution -Visualization -Call to Action
What 3 types of questions did we use on the google forms?
-fixed alternatives -scale questions -open-ended questions (short responses)
Practice a speech how many times????
6 times
Having a positive attitude toward speech-making results in a raised heart rate during the delivery of a speech
False
In stress-control breathing, more movement is felt in the throat than the chest
False
Stage one of stress-control breathing involves using a calming word in a mantra
False
Thinking of public speaking as a threat to personal growth can be part of positive thinking about public speaking
False
Visualization is not an effective technique to reduce speaker nervousness
False
You should always try to stand perfectly still behind a podium and not walk around
False
How can you reduce speech anxiety?
Stretch, breathing exercises, meditation, practice speech multiple times
A speaker's movement serves to relieve tension and helps to hold the audience's attention
True
Gaining confidence in public speaking comes through preparation and practice
True
Imagining your speech as a conversation can help you relax about public speaking
True
When you feel stressed, the center of your breathing tends to move from the abdomen to the upper chest, leaving you with a reduced supply of air
True
the source qualifier is...
a brief description of the source's qualifications to address the topic
"What would you do if you found you couldn't make this month's credit card bill?" could function in a speech as
a rhetorical question to open a speech
When preparing a speech, the speaker's first task is to select
a topic and purpose appropriate to the audience and occasion
Listeners should evaluate evidence in terms of...
accuracy and credibility of the source
when citing a source
alternate phrases introducing citations to help maintain a natural delivery
"A theory is like a set of glasses we put on to look through" is an example of
an analogy
repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, or sentences is called
anaphora
effective interview questions
are a mix of closed-ended and open-ended questions
the clarity or forcefulness with which word sounds are made is known as
articulation
Our general evaluations of people, ideas, objects, or events are our...
attitudes
In which part of a speech should the speaker develop each main point?
body
in the following statement, which supporting material is being referenced? "In Stephanie Meyer's Twilight series, the star-crossed lovers, Edward and Bella, make an unusual pair..."
book
to generate ideas for topics, use word association; it's kind of _____________ technique
brainstorming
what type of example offers a single illustration of a point?
brief
you can define a topic all of the following ways EXCEPT
by showing visuals of it
to discuss a topic in terms of its underlying causes, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?
causal
to describe a series of developments in time or set of actions that occur sequentially, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?
chronological
"white as snow." this phrase best illustrates which of the following?
cliche
In which part of a speech should the speaker restate the thesis and reiterate how the main points confirm it?
conclusion
with a speaking outline
condense full sentences into key words or phrases
when people disagree about the meaning of a word, they are usually responding to the word's
connotative meaning
__________ points in an outline are of roughly equal importance and weight in the speech
coordinate
Outlines are based on the principle of...
coordination and subordination
Legal protection afforded the creators of original literary and artistic works is called...
copyright
Which of the following is one of the five canons of rhetoric?
delivery
the literal, dictionary definition of a word is its
denotative meaning
Invention refers to...
discovering evidence and arguments you will use to make your case
Material that is common knowledge
does not require a citation
Communication between two people is called...
dyadic communication
one key to achieving effective vocal variety is
enthusiasm
which type of example offers offers a multifaceted illustration of a point?
extended
effective examples for a speech can be all of the following, EXCEPT:
extraneous
which aspect of the body maintains the quality of directness in speech delivery
eye contact
audiences find it easiest to remember the
first and last points made
using the speaking outline, how many times should you practice
five or more
the ___________ speech purpose answers the question, "what is my objective in speaking on this topic to this audience on this occasion?"
general
to establish nonverbal immediacy, a speaker should
have an enthusiastic vocal delivery
Under what circumstances should the speaker begin by showing the topic's relevance to the audience, and then relate the topics to ideas and experiences about which the audience holds a positive attitude?
if the topic of the speech is new to the listeners
Benefits of public speaking do NOT include...
improving hand-eye coordination
surveys are an especially effective source of support for topics related to the attitudes, values, and beliefs of the people
in a speaker's immediate environment
an effectively prepared working outline will
include credits when necessary
the purpose of a(n) ___________ speech is to increase the audience's understanding and awareness of a topic
informative
Defining, describing, demonstrating, and explaining are methods of
informing your audience
the rising and falling of vocal pitch across phrases and sentences is termed
intonation
speaking from manuscript
is useful when precise messengers are required
with sufficient practice, which of the following outlines will help the speaker deliver his or her ideas more naturally?
key-word
when speaking from a manuscript
look up occasionally to establish eye contact with the audience
In this form of communication, the receiver is physically removed from the messenger, and there is no interaction between the speaker and audience
mass communication
In order to deal with a sudden distraction while you are giving a speech, you might...
minimize your response and proceed as soon as possible
slurring words together at a low level of volume and pitch is called
mumbling
parables, anecdotes, and other stories are all kinds of
narratives
effective speech delivery should be all of the following:
natural, enthusiastic, confident, and direct
questions that don't lead the interviewee to the desired response are known as
neutral questions
creating a perception of psychological and physical closeness between speaker and audience is known as
nonverbal immediacy
Speech humor should always match the audience, topic, purpose, and...
occasion
at the end of the interview, you should
offer a brief positive summary of important things you learned
Values are...
our most enduring judgments about what is good and bad in life
a speaker who successfully uses eye contact to connect with the audience
pauses to gaze at one person long enough to complete one thought
Presenting a "cut-and-paste" of someone else's material as your own is called...
plagiarism
Scriptwriters tend to...
plan what they, not the speaker, will say next
eyewitness testimony, diary entries, interviews, and surveys are examples of ____________ sources
primary
to demonstrate the nature and significance of a problem and provide justification for a proposed solution, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?
problem-solution
during the speech introduction, the audience decides whether they are interested in the topic and the speaker. To build credibility, a speaker should establish his or her
qualifications
If a source used in a speech requires credit in written form, it also...
should be acknowledged orally
listeners may perceive a speaker who slouches as
sloppy, weak, and unfocused
to support a major point effective source of support for topics related to the attitudes, values, and beliefs of the people
sources without source qualifiers
to explain the physical arrangement of a place, an object, or an event, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?
spatial
Which kind of outline is usually brief and contains key words or phrases?
speaking
When giving classroom presentations, what can you do to avoid boring your audience and raising tension in the classroom?
steer clear of overused and trivial topics
To establish a feeling of identification with the audience...
stress your commonalities
In an outline, what kind of points support the main points?
subordinate
When used as supporting material in a speech, examples do not ________ your points
substantiate
facts, statistics, testimonies, and narratives are all examples of
supporting material
When actively listening, a person should
take note of the speaker's key points
previewing the speech in the introduction
tells the audience the order in which the main points will be addressed
pitch is
the range of sounds a speaker's voice produces, from high to low
a speaker can feel confident that his or her delivery has relaxed, natural quality if...
the speaker's behavior is not overly theatrical in nature
the conclusion should NOT include
the speaker's credentials
the specific citation elements that need to be mentioned in a speech depend on
the type of source
to have the freedom to move points around according to the way the speaker wishes to present his or her topic, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement?
topical
An informative speech arranged by category is arranged
topically
A speaker who is both honest and dependable has the quality of...
trustworthiness
research indicates that audiences prefer speeches that contain ____________ main points
two to seven
a well-organized speech is characterized by
unity, coherence, and balance
in a public speaking situation, it is always important to
use words appropriately
a speaker can establish a direct connection with listeners by
using a friendly tone of voice
Active listeners...
usually set listening goals and listen for main ideas
to describe information, a speaker should use language that is
vivid
the speaking outline should
write out full quotations and other critical information
An audience-centered approach means...
you consider your audience in every phase of the speech preparation process