Public Speaking quiz #2

6 tips for using statistics

-use statistics to quantify your ideas -use statistics sparingly -identify the sources of your statistics -explain your statistics -round off complicated statistics -use visual aids to clarify statistical trends

5 basic patterns of organization main points in speech

Chronological order, spatial corder, casual order, problem-solution order, topical order

Why is it so easy to lie with statistics? What three questions should you ask to judge the reliability of statistics?

Numbers can be easily manipulated and distorted.

peer testimony

testimony from ordinary people with firsthand experience or insight on a topic

main points

the major points developed in the body of a speech (2-5)

premlimarary bibliography

a list compiled early in the research process of works that look as if they might contain helpful info about a speech topic

internal summary

a statement in the body of the speech that summarizes the speaker's preceding point or points

3 kinds of examples

brief, extended, hypothetical

4 kinds of speech connections

transition, internal preview, internal summary, signpost

5 tips for using examples in your speech

clarify ideas, vivid and rich, personalize your ideas, reinforce ideas, enhance extended examples

Transition

indicates speaker has finished one thought and is moving to another

Citing Sources Orally

name of document author, sponsoring organization qualifications date

What is testimony?

quotations or paraphrases used to support a point

Taking Research Notes

-take plenty of notes -record notes in a consistent format -make a separate entry for each note -distinguish among direct quotes, paraphrases, and your own ideas

Why do you need supporting materials for your speech?

The materials used to support a speakers ideas. The three kinds are examples, testimony, and statistics.

internal preview

a statement in the body of the speech that lets the audience know what the speaker is going to discuss next

signpost

a very brief statement that indicates where a speaker is in the speech or that focuses attention on key ideas

evaluating documents

authorship, sponsorship, recency

your knowledge

drawing on personal experience

supporting materials

evidence needed to support speakers ideas

tips for preparing notes

keep points separate, try for some pattern wording, balance time devoted to each

5 resources for finding what you need in the library

librarians, catalogue, reference works, newspapers, academic database