public speaking study guide unit 2 exam
The ideal in small group discussion is to reach a _____________ decision.
consensus
"We will be candid, consistent, and confident" is an example of
alliteration
Which of the following is an example of a real- time online speech?
an interview with your prospective employer over Skype
Visual aids can be very useful to a speaker because they
exchange the clarity of a speaker's ideas
If you were giving an informative speech to a general audience about digital encryption, the most important factor to consider when analyzing your audience would probably be the
knowledge of the audience about the topic
Selena is creating visual aids on her computer. According to your textbook, when she selects fonts, she should plan to use
no more than two fonts on each side
"Government of the people, by the people, for the people" is an example of
both parallelism and repetition
As your textbook explains, you should use examples in your speeches in order to
both personalize your ideas and clarity your ideas
what is the mean in the following set of numbers: 100, 300, 500, 500, 600
400
As explained in your textbook, when delivering a commemorative speech, you should take special care to
B and C only- use creative language to express feelings and sentiments, heighten appreciation for the person being commemorated
which of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking?
Both use language appropriately and clearly
Jovita is a part of a problem- solving group in her speech class. By the third meeting of the group, Jovita noticed that Dylan seemed unhappy with his role in the group. At the next meeting Jovita made sure to respond thoughtfully to each of Dylan's contributions. By the end of the meeting, it was clear that Dylan felt better about the way the group was working. According to your textbook what kind of leadership need did Jovita's action fulfill?
a maintenance need
Enrique was asked by the president of his company to prepare a visual aid showing the proportion of employees who get to work by driving, carpooling, public transportation, or some other method. The best kind of visual aid for him to use would be
a pie graph
What kind of reasoning is used in the following passage? Alton Elementary School in Washington, D.C., has had great success getting kids to eat vegetables at lunch by allowing them to taste- test different recipes before putting specific vegetables on the menu. If that plan has worked at Alton, it can work at other schools, too
analogical reasoning
In a symposium, the participants
deliver prepared speeches on different aspects of the topic
A(n) _____ is essentially a conversation in front of an audience
panel discussion
your textbook recommends using repetition and parallelism to enhance the _____ of your speeches
rhythm
One method recommended in your textbook for creating a sense of drama and anticipation in a speech of introduction is to
save the name of the main speaker until the final moment
According to your textbook, listeners are persuaded by a speaker for one or more of four major reasons. Which of the following is among those reasons?
the audience is won over by the speaker's evidence
Which of the following would lead you to doubt the objectivity of a sponsoring organization for an internet document?
the organization benefits financially by promoting its position on the issue
Which of the following is an example of a commemorative speech?
a daughter's eulogy in honor of her father
if you were giving an informative speech to a general audience about the war in Vietnam, the most important demographic factor to consider in analyzing your audience would probably be the
age of the audience
which of the following is presented in your textbook as a guideline for online speaking?
all the answers are correct- adapt your nonverbal communication, adjust your pacing, control the visual environment
In his speech on the importance of regular exercise, Aymil stated, "Taking the first step toward a healthier lifestyle requires three commitments: discipline, determination, and desire." In this statement, Aymil used
alliteration
Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?
aspirin
which of the following is a factor to consider in situational audience analysis?
attitude toward the topic
in her speech about depression, Tanya, said: "A person who has depression can experience a variety of symptoms. He might have difficulty concentrating or making decisions; he might show signs of fatigue; he will probably lose interest in his favorite activities." Which of the guidelines for the inclusive use of language in public speaking mentioned in your textbook does the passage violate?
avoid the generic "he."
the library catalogue
both lists all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by the library and allows a researcher to look for books by author, title, or subject
Asking all the members of a problem-solving group to brainstorm lists of solutions and combining them into a master list that is discussed by the entire group is a good way to
both produce more and higher quality lists than asking for oral suggestions and encourage equal participation so that no one dominates the process or holds back
As Amanda analyzed the audience for her speech about organic foods, she focused on such things as their gender, age, and cultural background. In doing so, she was engaging in __________ audience analysis.
demographic
as your textbook explains, if you plan to use a photograph as a visual aid in a speech, you should usually
displays the photograph using presentation technology such as PowerPoint
Madison has to give a real-time speech of self-introduction as part of an online job interview. According to your textbook, which of the following should she remember to do?
dress as formally as she would for an in-person interview
All of the following are discussed in your textbook as elements of the visual environment of an online speech except
editing
Which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to enhance your credibility in a persuasive speech?
establish common ground with your audience
How does the following excerpt from a classroom speech violate the guidelines for using statistics presented in your textbook? one magazine reports that U.S. consumers pay more than $300 billion a year on products to cover the manufacturers' liability costs. This amounts to a staggering $4,000 per household. On a specific basis, product liability costs account for $11.50 of every $12 dose of vaccine we give our children, and over $100 of the cost of a football helmet
it doesn't identify the source of statistics
as your textbook explains, a questionnaire item that gives the respondent the widest freedom in answering is called a(n)
open- ended question
what guideline presented in your textbook for using supporting materials is followed in this speech excerpt? according to the office for substance abuse prevention, alcohol is the leading cause of death among young adults. Furthermore, of college students currently enrolled in the United States, more than 240,000 will eventually lose their lives to alcohol. Two hundred forty thousand- that's the current student population of this university six times over.
relate statistics to the audience
if you were constructing an audience- analysis questionnaire and wanted to learn the strength of your listeners' attitudes for or against the use of animals in medical research, which of the following would be the best kind of question to ask?
scale question
In her speech about classical ballet, Kyndra mentioned, but did not explain, the terms entrechat and Arabsque. Since most of her listeners were unfamiliar with ballet, what error did Kyndra make in her use of language?
she did not use language appropriate to the audience
according to your textbook, the three criteria for judging the reliability of documents located on the internet are recency, authorship, and
sponsorship
while doing research for his speech, Aaron was not able to identify the author of an internet document titled "What Can and Cannot be Patented." According to your textbook, what should Aaron do next to assess the credibility of the document?
try to determine the sponsoring organization for the document
If an Internet document identifies its author but says nothing about her or his qualifications, your textbook recommends that you
type the author's name into the google search box
each of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking except
use language technically
which of the following words is the most general and abstract
writing
if you wanted to compare the amount of fossil fuels, solar power, and wind energy used in the United States and Germany, which type of visual aid would be most effective?
a bar graph
if you were giving a speech to a general audience on the topic of Elvis Presley, the most important demographic factor to consider in analyzing your audience would probably be its
age
If you were giving a persuasive speech on Medicare to members of the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) the most important factor to consider when analyzing your audience would probably be the
age of the audience
As your textbook explains, examples help a speaker
all of the above- reinforce ideas personalize ideas clarify ideas
Antonio is researching his informative speech on Stonehenge. According to your textbook, Antonio should
all of these answers are correct ( think about his research materials as he is gathering them, distinguish among direct quotations, paraphrases, and his own ideas, make a preliminary bibliography, both)
which of the following is recommended in your textbook as a way to enhance your credibility in a persuasive speech?
all of these answers are correct- deliver your speech fluently and expressively, establish common ground with your audience, explain your expertise on the speech topic
Michael is preparing a persuasive speech for class in opposition to gun control. The most important factor for Michael to consider when analyzing his audience is probably its
attitude toward the topic
what are the three criteria discussed in your textbook for assessing the soundness of documents found on the internet?
authorship, sponsorship, recency
Which of the following are mentioned in your textbook as guidelines for the use of inclusive language in public speaking?
avoid stereotyping jobs and social roles by gender
as part of the research for his informative speech, Malik needs brief life and career facts about German Chancellor Angela Merkel. The best kind of library reference source for him to consult would be a(n)
biographical aid
According to your textbook, when citing internet documents during a speech, a speaker should usually identify the
both author or sponsoring organization responsible for the document and date on which the document was published, posted, or updated
A(n) ______ is a visual aid that summarizes a large block of information, usually in list form
chart
Colin wanted to use a visual aid to summarize the steps involved in the process of mummification. The best kind of visual aid for him to use would probably be a
chart
Your textbook presents each of the following as a tip for using examples in a speech except
combine examples with casual reasoning
At the dedication of the national World War II memorial, Tom Hanks gave a speech praising Americans who fought and sacrificed during the war. According to your textbook, Hanks gave a(n)
commemorative speech
When Julia Wang quoted former U.S. Social Security Commissioner Dorcas Hardy in her speech on reforming the Social Security system, she was using what your textbook calls ____________ testimony.
expert
according to your textbook, if you quoted Joy Perkins Newman, a National Institutes of Health researcher, on the causes of adolescent depression, what kind of testimony would you be using?
expert
Language helps to shape our sense of reality by
giving meaning to events
if you were giving an informative speech to a general audience on 3-D printing technology, the most important factor to consider when analyzing your audience would probably be the
knowledge of the audience about the topic
When taking research notes, you should
Distinguish among quotations, paraphrases, and your own ideas
During her speech about improving student services on campus, Louise gave her member of her audience a handout listing all the current services. Did Louise follow the guidelines for visual aids presented in your textbook?
No. Louise risked losing attention by distributing the handout during her speech.
According to your textbook, emotional appeal is
Often necessary when a speaker is trying to move an audience to action.
Which of the following would probably be the best kind of visual aid to summarize the major types of agricultural crops grown in the United States?
a chart
At a comedy awards show, Adam Sandler gave a splendid speech explaining why David Letterman was receiving a special award for his achievements in television comedy. According to your textbook, what kind of special occasion speech did Sandler deliver?
a speech of presentation
audience analysis is an important factor in which of the following?
all of these answers are correct (choosing supporting materials, organizing the speech, selecting a topic, both selecting a topic and choosing supporting materials)
You have found statistics on the internet that you would like to use in your speech. Before you do, you need to make sure that
all of these answers are correct- the stats are recent enough to make them reliable for your speech, they come from a credible author/sponsoring organization, you can find the date on which they were published, posted, updated, both.
one main purpose of a speech of introduction is to
create a welcoming climate to build enthusiasm for the main speaker
what does your textbook say you should do when presenting visual aids in a speech?
none of the answers are correct
What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? In recent months, newspapers have published reports of vicious dogs attacking people in Los Angeles, St. Louis, Boston, and Orlando. These reports show that dog attacks are an increasingly serious problem nationwide
reasoning from specific instances
According to your textbook, the three criteria for judging the reliability of research documents located on the internet are authorship, sponsorship, and
recency
According to your textbook, when using PowerPoint slides in a speech, you should
use slides only where they are needed to communicate your ideas.
If you attended the Academy Awards and heard the following speeches, which one would be an example of a commemorative speech?
a speech honoring Jack Nicholson for his lifetime achievements
Having reached consensus on a policy for increasing child safety in the homes of gun owners, Stefano's small group decided to have each member deliver a prepared speech on a different aspect of the group's work. According to your textbook, what method of presenting its recommendations did Stefano's group use?
a symposium
According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? The mayor's plan to turn the rundown section of the city into a park will never work. Don't forget that she was involved in a scandal next year
ad hominem
Which of the following questions should you ask about the sponsoring organization of an internet document?
all of these answers are correct- does the organization have a history of accuracy and nonpartisanship, is the organization economically unbiased with respect to this issue, is the organization objective in its research and fair- minded in its statements
audience adaptation is an important factor in which of the following steps of the speechmaking process?
all of these answers are correct- writing an intro and conclusion, choosing visual aids, formulating a specific purpose, both formulating and writing
According to your textbook, when citing sources during a speech, a speaker should usually identify the
all of these answers correct- author or sponsoring organization responsible for the document, qualifications of the author with regard to the topic, book, magazine, newspaper, or web document being cited
According to your textbook, which of the following would be an effective backup plan for a real- time online speech?
all the answers are correct- distribute an outline of your speech via email, share a text of your speech through a document collaboration program such as google docs, reschedule the speech once the technical problems are resolves, both distribute and share
As your textbook explains, the primary purpose of speechmaking is to
gain a desired response from listeners
According to your textbook, the major traits of a good acceptance speech are brevity, humility, and
graciousness
what suggestion presented in your textbook for using supporting materials is used in the following speech excerpt? Since it first opened for business, McDonald's has sold over 100 billion hamburgers. To give you an idea how many hamburgers that is, think of it this way: Since each McDonald's burger (with the bun) is about 2 inches thick, 100 billion hamburgers stacked on top of each other would reach over 3 million miles-- fifteen times as far as the moon.
explain your statisitcs
if you were constructing an audience- analysis questionnaire and wanted to learn how many of your listeners believe in extraterrestrial life, which of the following would be the best kind of question to ask?
fixed- alternative question
As a member of the City Council, you have been invited to address the city's bicycling club about the mayor's plan to create additional bike routes. The most important demographic factor you should consider when analyzing your audience is probably its
group membership
according to your textbook, a(n) _________ is an imaginary story that makes a general point
hypothetical example
Ivan has decided to give his persuasive speech on stem cell research. Which of the following tips for doing research discussed in your textbook should he keep in mind as he works on the speech
include a subject heading on each research note
the preliminary bibliography
lists each source that looks as if it might be helpful in speech
"success attained after walking through the minefields of adversity is sweet indeed" is an example of
metaphor
As your textbook explains, in an online speech almost every aspect of the speech communication process can be affected by the
online environment
Ariana is going to deliver an outline informative speech for her public speaking class. According to your textbook, which of the following should she keep in mind?
online speeches require more rehearsal time than in- person speeches
What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? the income of male accountants is 20 percent higher than the income of female accountants. There is a similar difference between the income of male and female lawyers. Even among doctors, we find an income gap of 20 percent or more within most medical specialties. It is clear that in many professions women continue to earn less than men.
reasoning from specific instances
according to your textbook, you should always combine demographic audience analysis with _______ audience analysis
situational
According to your textbook, research has shown that
speakers can enhance their credibility by delivering their speeches fluently and expressively
Everyone in the room was set to applaud as Raymond started to wrap up his wedding toast. But instead of finishing, he said, "Now that I have you all here, let me tell you about the great new app my company is developing." When Raymond finishing talking about the app, there was little applause and a serious glare from the bride and groom. Which aspect of audience analysis did Raymond fail to take into consideration?
the audience's disposition toward the occasion
Which of the following is recommended by your textbook for effective online speaking?
use visual aids to adjust the pacing of your speech
To say that the median salary of a major league baseball player is $800,000 is to say that
when you list all the players' salaries in order, 800,000 is the middle salary
According to your textbook, the most important question to ask when assessing analogical reasoning in a persuasive speech is
whether the two cases being compared are essentially alike
