PY201 Unit 5 Exam (CH 14/15)

The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ________.

transcendental meditation

The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and __________

transcendental meditation

The saying is "Money can buy happiness", but research finds that in the United States those who earn more than ______________ per year are not measurably happier than those who earn below that amount

$75,000

Which kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives rather than focusing on pathology, faults and problems?

positive psychology

Researchers have found that approximately _____ percent of those with dissociative identity disorder were physically and/or sexually abused in childhood, leading to the conclusion that trauma can be a cause of this disorder

95

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ____________ stressor

chronic

What is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of two disorders

Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions is produces?

coping

Which of the following individuals is demonstrating an optimistic outlook on life?

Carl, who tends to see the good in situations and always looks on the bright side of things

Which of the following is an example of a stimulus-based definition of stress?

Caroline experiences stress because she is home alone and hears unusual noises outside

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?

Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to

Which pair of psychiatrists were responsible for developing the Social Readjustment Rating Scale?

Holmes and Rahe

Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor?

Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat

Both nature and nurture have been found to contribute to the development of schizophrenia. In his early twenties, Jim was diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following demonstrates how nature could have contributed to Jim's diagnosis?

Jim's mother also has schizophrenia

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?

Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died

Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory?

Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about itâ "this leads her to become depressed.

Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

a burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path

Which aspect of the definition of happiness gives the impression that it is a long-term state rather than a brief mood that we experience from time to time?

a feeling that ones life has meaning and value

Schizophrenia is defined as:

a severe disorder characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior with symptoms that include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior, and negative symptoms

In Hans Selye's rat study, rats that were exposed to stressors over a long period of time showed signs of ____________

adrenal enlargement, thymus and lymph node shrinkage, and stomach ulceration

Which dimension of the type A behavior pattern is most predictive of heart disease?

anger/hostility

__________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and worry that is accompanied by disturbances in behaviors

anxiety

Alma has a serious disease in which the airways of her respiratory system become obstructed, leading to great difficulty expelling air from the lungs. Which disease does Alma have?

asthma

Egon can not pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, will not sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for _____________

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

becoming split off, or separated, from ones core sense of self

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

becoming split off, or separated, from oneâ s core sense of self

Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide?

being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.)

__________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a persons involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes

biofeedback

The approach to psychology suggesting that psychological disorders may be best explained by looking at genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities is the __________ perspective

biological

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?

borderline personality disorder

Which of the following is an example of eustress?

buying a new home

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

chronic

Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ___________ impact

cognitive

A psychological disorder is a _____________

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

________ is a stress hormone released by the adrenal glands when encountering a stressor; helps to provide a boost of energy, thereby preparing the individual to take action

cortisol

When Quentin was walking on the beach with his father, he believed that he had to walk in his father's footsteps in order to prevent the sun from burning his father. False beliefs such as this are considered to be ___________

delusions

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

Anna is a school counselor. She hates going to work and wants to lock the door and cry whenever a student comes to her for help. She just does not feel like she has anything left to give. What dimension of job burnout does this exemplify?

dimension 1 - exhaustion

Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

dimension 2 - depersonalization

__________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating

distress

Which pair of neurotransmitters has received the most attention as a potential explanation for the symptoms of schizophrenia?

dopamine and serotonin

What is stress

environmental events that may be judged as threatening or demanding

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ______________

episodic

A set of physiological reactions (increases in blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, and sweat) that occur when an individual encounters a perceived threat is called ___________

fight-or-flight response

_________ is having an experience that is so engaging and engrossing that it becomes worth doing for its own sake. During this state a person might say that they feel that they lose themselves in the activity

flow

Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it ___________

forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart

Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experience dissociative ____________

fugue

Some people with schizophrenia report hearing voices or seeing things that re not there. These are both examples of ___________

hallucinations

The process by which oneâ s physiological defense system becomes less efficient at fighting illness is called ________ and this process is enhanced by elevated stress levels.

immunosuppression

Which of the following is a set of symptoms or behaviors that you might see in a person diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder?

lack of regard for other's rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

Angela transfers to a new high school for gifted children and has trouble making friends. She expected this and plans to change it by joining more after school clubs and sitting next to different people at lunch. She believes she has effective options for dealing with the stressor of having no friends; therefore, she experiences __________

less stress than someone who has no effective options

White blood cells that circulate in the bloodstream and are an important part of the body's immune system are called _______________

lymphocytes

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can not afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing a(n) _________ episode

manic

Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from ________ personality disorder.

narcissistic

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from ____________ personality disorder

narcissistic

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Which of the following is an inaccurate statement about dissociative disorders?

people with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

physiological

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative _________ impact

physiological

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring Cordelia's left arm. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experience __________ disorder

posttraumatic stress

Keegan is a police officer. She was recently placed on administrative leave because she was shot during an armed robbery. Since the shooting, she can not stop thinking about how it felt to be shot, she is often angry with her husband, she jumps when she hears a loud noise, and she takes a 15 minute detour when driving home to avoid the neighborhood where it happened. Keegan probably suffers from _____________

posttraumatic stress disorder

Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress; he immediately uses the internet to look up other job in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?

problem-focused

At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) __________ disorder

psychotic

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during the fall and winter months when she gets less direct exposure to sunlight. What kind of depression does Alexis have?

seasonal pattern

Advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all different forms of ____________

social support

_________ can take different forms, such as advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance

social support

Which of the following is considered to be a negative symptom of schizophrenia?

social withdrawal

The ________ perspective of psychological disorders attributed symptoms of such ailments to forces that were beyond scientific understanding, such as black magic or evil spirits.

supernatural

What is meant by the term etiology?

the cause of a disorder

What was the most stressful event found on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale with a LCU score of 100?

the death of a spouse