PY201 Unit 5 Exam (CH 14/15)
The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ________.
transcendental meditation
The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and __________
transcendental meditation
The saying is "Money can buy happiness", but research finds that in the United States those who earn more than ______________ per year are not measurably happier than those who earn below that amount
$75,000
Which kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives rather than focusing on pathology, faults and problems?
positive psychology
Researchers have found that approximately _____ percent of those with dissociative identity disorder were physically and/or sexually abused in childhood, leading to the conclusion that trauma can be a cause of this disorder
95
Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ____________ stressor
chronic
What is comorbidity?
co-occurrence of two disorders
Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions is produces?
coping
Which of the following individuals is demonstrating an optimistic outlook on life?
Carl, who tends to see the good in situations and always looks on the bright side of things
Which of the following is an example of a stimulus-based definition of stress?
Caroline experiences stress because she is home alone and hears unusual noises outside
Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?
Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to
Which pair of psychiatrists were responsible for developing the Social Readjustment Rating Scale?
Holmes and Rahe
Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor?
Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat
Both nature and nurture have been found to contribute to the development of schizophrenia. In his early twenties, Jim was diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following demonstrates how nature could have contributed to Jim's diagnosis?
Jim's mother also has schizophrenia
Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?
Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died
Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory?
Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about itâ "this leads her to become depressed.
Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome?
a burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path
Which aspect of the definition of happiness gives the impression that it is a long-term state rather than a brief mood that we experience from time to time?
a feeling that ones life has meaning and value
Schizophrenia is defined as:
a severe disorder characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior with symptoms that include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior, and negative symptoms
In Hans Selye's rat study, rats that were exposed to stressors over a long period of time showed signs of ____________
adrenal enlargement, thymus and lymph node shrinkage, and stomach ulceration
Which dimension of the type A behavior pattern is most predictive of heart disease?
anger/hostility
__________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and worry that is accompanied by disturbances in behaviors
anxiety
Alma has a serious disease in which the airways of her respiratory system become obstructed, leading to great difficulty expelling air from the lungs. Which disease does Alma have?
asthma
Egon can not pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, will not sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for _____________
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?
becoming split off, or separated, from ones core sense of self
Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?
becoming split off, or separated, from oneâ s core sense of self
Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide?
being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.)
__________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a persons involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes
biofeedback
The approach to psychology suggesting that psychological disorders may be best explained by looking at genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities is the __________ perspective
biological
Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?
borderline personality disorder
Which of the following is an example of eustress?
buying a new home
Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.
chronic
Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ___________ impact
cognitive
A psychological disorder is a _____________
condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
________ is a stress hormone released by the adrenal glands when encountering a stressor; helps to provide a boost of energy, thereby preparing the individual to take action
cortisol
When Quentin was walking on the beach with his father, he believed that he had to walk in his father's footsteps in order to prevent the sun from burning his father. False beliefs such as this are considered to be ___________
delusions
Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
Anna is a school counselor. She hates going to work and wants to lock the door and cry whenever a student comes to her for help. She just does not feel like she has anything left to give. What dimension of job burnout does this exemplify?
dimension 1 - exhaustion
Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?
dimension 2 - depersonalization
__________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating
distress
Which pair of neurotransmitters has received the most attention as a potential explanation for the symptoms of schizophrenia?
dopamine and serotonin
What is stress
environmental events that may be judged as threatening or demanding
Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ______________
episodic
A set of physiological reactions (increases in blood pressure, heart rate, respiration rate, and sweat) that occur when an individual encounters a perceived threat is called ___________
fight-or-flight response
_________ is having an experience that is so engaging and engrossing that it becomes worth doing for its own sake. During this state a person might say that they feel that they lose themselves in the activity
flow
Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it ___________
forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart
Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experience dissociative ____________
fugue
Some people with schizophrenia report hearing voices or seeing things that re not there. These are both examples of ___________
hallucinations
The process by which oneâ s physiological defense system becomes less efficient at fighting illness is called ________ and this process is enhanced by elevated stress levels.
immunosuppression
Which of the following is a set of symptoms or behaviors that you might see in a person diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder?
lack of regard for other's rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds
Angela transfers to a new high school for gifted children and has trouble making friends. She expected this and plans to change it by joining more after school clubs and sitting next to different people at lunch. She believes she has effective options for dealing with the stressor of having no friends; therefore, she experiences __________
less stress than someone who has no effective options
White blood cells that circulate in the bloodstream and are an important part of the body's immune system are called _______________
lymphocytes
Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can not afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing a(n) _________ episode
manic
Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?
mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis
Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from ________ personality disorder.
narcissistic
Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from ____________ personality disorder
narcissistic
People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.
obsessive-compulsive
Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
Which of the following is an inaccurate statement about dissociative disorders?
people with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture
Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.
physiological
Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative _________ impact
physiological
Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring Cordelia's left arm. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experience __________ disorder
posttraumatic stress
Keegan is a police officer. She was recently placed on administrative leave because she was shot during an armed robbery. Since the shooting, she can not stop thinking about how it felt to be shot, she is often angry with her husband, she jumps when she hears a loud noise, and she takes a 15 minute detour when driving home to avoid the neighborhood where it happened. Keegan probably suffers from _____________
posttraumatic stress disorder
Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress; he immediately uses the internet to look up other job in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?
problem-focused
At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) __________ disorder
psychotic
What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?
repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts
Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during the fall and winter months when she gets less direct exposure to sunlight. What kind of depression does Alexis have?
seasonal pattern
Advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all different forms of ____________
social support
_________ can take different forms, such as advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance
social support
Which of the following is considered to be a negative symptom of schizophrenia?
social withdrawal
The ________ perspective of psychological disorders attributed symptoms of such ailments to forces that were beyond scientific understanding, such as black magic or evil spirits.
supernatural
What is meant by the term etiology?
the cause of a disorder
What was the most stressful event found on the Social Readjustment Rating Scale with a LCU score of 100?
the death of a spouse