Pych of Aging: quiz review chp 1,2,4

The influence we have on our environment

according to the reciprocal model of development, our "life footprint" reflects which process?

overuse of earphones in portable listening devices.

experts worry that future generations of older adults will experience more age related hearing loss due to which preventable behavior?

cigarette smoking

which of the following is a documented risk factor for developing cataracts

continuity

An older adult couple in your neighborhood retired from their jobs as teachers but continue to work in the community as school volunteers. It seems as if they enjoy maintaining similar roles that they had when they were working. They would be a good example of which role satisfaction theory of aging?

culture, nationality, and the economic structure.

In Bronfenbrenner's ecological model of development, the macrosystem includes:

microsystem

In the Bronfenbrenner ecological model of development, which type of system has the most direct impact on the individual?

continuity

The ________________ principle of adult development and aging proposes that changes build on themselves over life in a cumulative fashion.

a 100-year-old Canadian woman completed a marathon in Toronto.

The ageist stereotype that older adults are "past their sell-by date," according to the World Health Organization, is refuted by the fact that:

sociocultural

The changes that individuals experience in income and residence when they retire and move out of the home where they spent their working lives would fall into the ____________ domain of the biopsychosocial model.

self-identification as male or female.

The term "gender" refers to:

andropause

changes in the male sex hormone testosterone are referred to as:

life course

A 35-year-old woman feels concerned about her career because she believes that, by this age, she should have advanced further than she has by now. Her concern would be best explained by which theoretical approach to understanding development?

balance

A 75-year-old woman is finding that she tends to get short of breath more easily than she used to when she climbs a flight of stairs, and her ability to see well at night is becoming slightly worse. Rather than becoming upset about this, she adapts by taking her time when she has to go upstairs and by being careful when she's outside in the evening. She still feels okay about herself and her age. This case is an example of which identity process?

oldest old

A centenarian falls technically into the category of which division of the older adult population?

young-old

A term in gerontology used to refer to people who are in the age group of 65-74 is:

social

A world-class tennis player decides to end her career and retire at the age of 24. Her _____ age would be approximately 65 years old.

macrosystem

According to the Bronfenbrenner ecological model of development, your development is very much influenced by the ____________, such as the economy and political institutions, even though you may not be directly aware of this.

Older people are helpless and unable to care for themselves.

According to the World Health Organization, which is one of the stereotypes about aging?

plasticity

According to the _______ principle in development, individuals can positively alter the course of their own development by engaging in high levels of physical and intellectual exercise.

collagen

Change with age in the dermis layer of the skin are associated with age-related alteration on which protein, also found in connective tissue throughout the body?

Psychological

Changes over time in people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors as they cope with the physical changes involved in aging fall into which domain of the biopsychosocial perspective toward aging?

Compensation

In the Selective Optimization with ____________ model, older adults are proposed to cut down on the abilities they are weak and make up with the abilities on which they show greater potential for improvement.

accommodation

In the process called identity ______________, people are able to accept negative information about themselves as part of their sense of self without feeling unduly disturbed or devastated.

Changes in muscle mass.

Of the following areas of aging, which would be considered a "biological" component of the biopsychosocial model?

heredity

Organismic models of development emphasize __________ as the main driving force in development throughout life.

Between the ages of 75-84

People referred to as "old-old" have which specific characteristic?

Intimacy

People who are readily able to establish long-lasting, mutually satisfying, close relationships would be considered, in Erikson's theory, to be high on which specific quality?

isolation

People who find it difficult to establish long-lasting, mutually satisfying, close relationships would be considered, in Erikson's theory, to be high on which specific quality?

FOXO

Researchers now believe that the _____ gene seems to play a large role in controlling the rate of aging.

disengagement

The idea that older adults are much more satisfied with their lives when they are able to leave behind their former social roles and involvements is consistent with which role adjustment theory?

multiple jeopardy

The idea that older adults who are subject to more than one type of discrimination in addition to ageism are particularly disadvantaged is known as the ____________ hypothesis.

Psychological

The index of age that represents a person's functioning on measures such as intelligence, memory, and learning ability is called ___________ age.

sudden

The multiple threshold model of aging predicts that people will experience challenges to their identities as they get older in a ______________ manner.

tertiary

The rapid loss of functioning that individuals may experience at the very end of their lives is known as _________ aging:

Try to put more energy into the abilities which they care about the most.

The selective optimization with compensation model proposes that older adults engage in what type of behavior when faced with loss?

muscles

sarcopenia is associated with age-related changes in the:

secondary

Due to the process of ______ aging, an older adult may develop a disease such as skin cancer after years of exposure to the sun.

Cigarette smoking.

The Centers for Disease Control regards which of the following as one of the five most important "bad habits" that can reduce the quality and quantity of a person's life?

social clock

The idea of being "on-time" or "off-time" in achieving major life goals is considered an important element of adjustment in the __________ model.

life span

The view that development is best viewed as continuous throughout life is referred to as the __________ perspective.

China

Which country will show the greatest absolute increase in the numbers of people 80 years and older by the year 2100?

Developing diabetes at the age of 67.

Which of the following is considered an example of secondary aging?

Their families provided a strong support network.

Which of the following might account for the fact that the people who live to old age are the "survivors"?

back pain

psychologists who treat older adults for memory problems need to be aware of the possibility that their clients suffer from _________, known to be associated with cognitive problems.

Tai Chi

research has shown that the regular practice ______________ can help reduce an older person's risk of falling.

thyroid

the basal metabolic rate (BMR) is controlled by which set of hormones in the endocrine system?

mental and physical exercise can offset are related changes.

the concept of plasticity in the nervous system refers to the fact that:

eat a diet that includes a relative balance among nutrients.

the text recommends that the best advice for an older adult trying to maintain his or her digestive functioning is to:

science

To indicate a broadening of our understanding of changes in individuals over time, the term developmental _____________ is increasingly becoming used in the field.

Older adult populations are increasingly selective in terms of health and behavior.

Which of the following statements best reflects the principle that changes are continuous over the lifespan?

terror management

Which theoretical perspective on ageism gives the greatest emphasis to fear of death as a cause?

Biopsychosocial perspective.

Your good friend's grandmother finds it difficult to get around because she suffers from considerable pain while walking. As a result, she has become somewhat socially isolated and is quite unhappy with her situation. What concept best captures the grandmother's current situation?

hormone replacement therapy

a 66 year old woman, well past her menopause, is considering treatment to help offset cardiovascular changes and weakening of her bones. which of the following is the most controversial of available approaches she might try in terms of overall health risk?

glaucoma

a build up of pressure within the eyeball is involved in which form of blindness that affects older adults?

sleep apnea

carla suffers from condition that affects the sleep of older adults in which they awaken because they are temporarily unable to breath. her condition is:

overactive bladder

in the condition known ______________________,the individual has difficulty controlling urination and feels the need to urinate more frequently than normal.

drowsiness

melatonin supplements, occasionally used by other adults to offset changes in age, may have unwanted effects such as:

aerobic capacity

normal changes in the cardiovascular system with age in adulthood are reflected in a lowering of which measure?

the sun.

the two most important factors in aging skin are genetics and exposure to:

sarcopenia

your friend's great aunt shares with you the fact that she seems to be seems to be less able to lift weight than she could when in her 40s. She is experiencing which normal age-related changes.