Quan Apps
If you have a categorical IV and a categorical DV, which of the following tests can be used to test your hypothesis?
Chi-square test for independence
In which of the following situations would a researcher use the t-test for paired samples?
Comparing stress levels before and after a exam
T/F If the Levene's test produces a Sig. value that is less than .05, we must then conclude that the two population standard deviations are the same.
F
T/F The .05 alpha level is the only appropriate level of significance for a t-test.
F
T/F The chi-square test of independence indicates whether the observed frequencies are significantly different than the expected frequencies and the strength of the relationship.
F
T/F The correct test used to calculate for a proportion is a t-test.
F
T/F The φ coefficient can be used with chi-squares contingency tables that are larger than two by two.
F
T/F To conduct an ANOVA, the dependent variable must be measured at the interval or ratio level and the independent variable must be measured at only the nominal level.
F
T/F When a researcher selects a particular alpha level, they are selecting the risk they are willing to take of making a Type II error.
F
Which of the following is the statistic for the ANOVA?
F
Which of the following measure of association is best used for a chi-square table that is 3 by 4 with ordinal level variables?
Gamma ()
A researcher hypothesizes that offenders who do not receive services in prison will have higher number of arrests after release than those who participate in program A. Those who participate in program A and B will have lower numbers of arrests post-release than those who only participate in program A and those who receive no services. In conducting an ANOVA with this data, how would the null hypotheses be stated?
H0: all three group means are equal
You want to study whether young boys will have a stronger reaction to parents' divorce than young girls would have. What are your independent and dependent variables?
IV-Youth gender DV-Youth reactions
If a researcher is interested in comparing the average number of property crimes committed of those with no high school diploma and those with a high school diploma, which type of statistical analysis should be used?
Independent samples t-test
If levene's test has a Sig. smaller than .05, what does that mean?
It means there is a significant difference between group variances.
Which type of relationship between two variables does the Pearson correlation assume?
Linear
After collecting data on age and number of speeding tickets, the researcher found that older people are less likely to have speeding tickets. What type of relationship is this between the two variables?
Negative
What does the quantity r refer to?
Pearson's correlation coefficient
If the Ho is true and a researcher retains it, which of the following scenarios has occurred?
The researcher has committed no error.
The researcher calculated the X2 comparing people's feelings of safety and whether they or not they felt the police did a good job. If the null hypotheses are not rejected, which of the following would be the most appropriate conclusion?
There is no difference between people who are afraid and if they are satisfied with police.
Which test allows for the researcher to identify which means are significantly different from each other?
Tukey's HSD
A contingency table shows the joint distribution of two:
categorical variables
ANOVAs are to be used when the dependent variable is interval or ratio and the independent variable is:
categorical with more than two categories
A one sample t-test is to _______________________________________________.
compare a sample mean to the known population mean
Gender (male/female) is a ______ and ______ variable.
dichotomous; categorical
A scatterplot is a visual method used to display a relationship between two ______ variables.
interval or ratio
Chi-square tests are best used for which type of dependent variable?
nominal or ordinal
A study found that the more elementary and junior high students are involved in structured after-school activities, the less likely they are to get involved with drugs. Which of the following correlations would reflect this relationship?
r = -.40
In the figure below, the shaded area would represent the:
region of rejection.
What would the researcher conclude for a X2 = 11.34, df= 4, p= .025?
reject H0 (p < .05)
A hypothesis is a(n) ____________________ .
statement of the relationship between two or more variables
In hypothesis testing, the symbol is used to denote ______.
the chi-square statistic
An evaluation of the strength of the relationship between the two variables under study is accomplished by an examination of ______.
the magnitude of the correlation coefficient
To conduct a paired samples t-test, you will compare matched means from ______________ interval/ratio level variables.
two
A ______ test is conducted when we have no theoretical reason for specifying a direction in the research hypothesis.
two-tailed
The range of the correlation test statistic coefficient is ______.
−1 to +1
In SPSS, the significance value of a correlation is compared to the ______ to determine whether the null hypothesis will be rejected.
Alpha level
What is the research alternative hypothesis when using ANOVA procedures?
At least one of the group means is significantly different from the others.
What would a researcher conclude, when the test Sig. (p value) is less than the alpha of 0.05?
Reject the H0 and conclude that there was a significant relationship or difference.
To conduct a one sample t-test in SPSS, the variable is examined has to be a __________ variable.
Scale Level
If you wanted to select a sample by generating random numbers to select cases from the population, which type of sampling would you use?
Simple random sample
T/F A contingency table is generally defined by the number of columns and rows in the table.
T
T/F ANOVAs are useful for independent variables that have more than two values because this test assumes that the samples means are independent.
T
T/F For skewness of a distribution, if the figure of Skewness is within "-1" and "1" range, we can conclude the distribution to be normal. If the skewness is greater than 1, the distribution is positively skewed. If the skewness is smaller than -1, the distribution is negatively skewed.
T
T/F Since the chi-square does not indicate the strength of the association, a researcher must then conduct a separate test for the measure of association.
T
T/F The "not equals" sign (≠) can be found in the alternative hypothesis.
T
T/F The null hypothesis indicates that there is no difference while the alternative hypothesis indicates that there is a difference between the means of two groups.
T
