quiz 1

The space that is surrounded by the tissue wall of hollow organs is known as the:

Lumen

which is example of cation? (positively charged ion)

Ca2+

A nucleotide is made up of a:

Five-carbon sugar, and nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group

An important buffer in the human body is

HCO3-

The chemical bonding behavior of an atom is directly determined by the

Number and arrangement of electrons

which element make up more than 90% of the body's mass?

O, C, H

potassium channels are usually made up of several subunits. This is an example of which level of protein structure?

Quaternary (interaction of 2/more folded polypeptides. ex. hemoglobin, DNA polymerase)

atoms in a covalent molecule share electrons in:

Single pairs, double pairs, or triple pairs

The definition "less specialized cells that retain the ability to divide" applies to:

Stem cells

In lipids, unsaturated refers to

The presence of double bonds between adjacent carbon atoms in a fatty acid

if a solution has a pH that is less than 7, it is:

acidic

the simple squamous epithelial lining of blood vessels is called:

endothelium

The watery medium that surrounds a cell is known as:

extracellular fluid

which is a buffer zone between the outside world and most of the cells of the body?

extracellular fluid

phospholipids are key components of cell membranes and made up of which molecules?

glycerol and fatty acids

microvilli are found:

in cells that participate in absorption

"Glucose is transported from the blood into cells by transporters in response to insulin." This type of explaination is:

mechanistic

most of the ATP required to power cellular operations is made in the:

mitochondria

The following is a list of several levels of organization that make up the human body. 1. tissue 2. cell 3. organ 4. molecule 5. organism 6. organ system. The correct order from the smallest to the largest is:

molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Excretion is a function of the body. Which would be considered excretion?

movement of salt from sweat glands to the surface of the skin

An isotope has gained or lost:

neutron(s)

Which is NOT a primary tissue type?

osseous tissue (bone, type of dense CT)

which is NOT synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

proteins (this is synthesized in ribosomes); steroids, lipids, and fatty acids are synthesized in the SER

Homeostasis is the ability of the body to

quickly restore changed conditions to normal

cell membranes are said to be:

selectively permeable barrier

The largest carbohydrate molecules are called polysaccharides because they are made up of _____ molecules bonded together with one another

simple sugar

The concentration of a solution expresses the amount of:

solute per volume of solution

The esophagus is a tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. It does not secrete any enzymes or absorb any nutrients, but it does need to stand up to significant friction/stress. The type of epithelium most likely lining the esophagus would be:

stratified squamous epithelium

Physiology is the study of

the normal function of living organisms

The most important polar molecule is ____ because it is a universal solvent in biological solutions

water