quiz 4 learning

In Pavlov's classical conditioning, the term conditioned is approximately synonymous with the word ________.

learned

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

learning

Gabrielle watches her father put batteries into her toy phone, and she is then able to put the batteries into the toy phone herself without further instruction from her father. In this example, Gabrielle's father is a ________.

model

When my son was little, he liked to throw toys at me, hard. Because of this, I would take away the toy that he threw at me for a while trying to stop his throwing behavior, usually about half an hour. What operant conditioning technique was I using?

negative punishment

Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________.

negative reinforcement

Stanley was diagnosed with lymphoma and had to undergo several months of chemotherapy. During this time he would become very nauseated as a side effect, and unintentionally came to associate that nausea with his favorite grilled cheese sandwich. Now, years later, even thinking about a grilled cheese sandwich makes him sick. In this example, Stanley's nauseous reaction to a grilled cheese sandwich is the ________.

conditioned response

What is the main idea of social learning theory?

one can learn new behaviors by observing others

Which term best describes rewarding successive approximations of a target behavior?

shaping

Which of the following is an example of a reflex?

the pupil of your eye contracting in the presence of bright light

What is the main idea of operant conditioning?

Behavior is motivated by the consequences we receive for the behavior: reinforcements and punishments.