Quiz #6 - NS

Fat-soluble vitamins circulate from the gastrointestinal tract via lymph.

FALSE.

Avidin binds folate, reducing its bioavailability.

False

What vitamin deficiency appeared in people who had subsisted on a diet high in corn and low in protein?​

Niacin

Vitamin K refers to three related compounds: menaquinone, mendione, and _____.

Phylloquinone

The amount of energy (kcal) provided by the B-complex vitamins is ____.

0 kcal/g

Which vitamin can be synthesized in significant amounts by humans and, therefore, may NOT be essential?

????

In what chief capacity does vitamin K function?​

Blood clotting

African Americans are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

they spend less time in the sun than people of other ethnic backgrounds.******** they consume less milk. they have a higher incidence of lactose intolerance. their darkly pigmented skin filters out more light.

The primary function of vitamin E is:

to act as an antioxidant.

Xerophthalmia can lead to blindness and is due to a deficiency of:

vitamin A.

Which vitamin is required for the conversion of tryptophan to niacin?

vitamin B6

Which list contains ONLY vitamins whose deficiency can cause anemia?

vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folate

Which vitamins play a role in bone health?

vitamin D and vitamin K

Which vitamin is particularly effective at preventing free-radical damage to cell membranes?

vitamin E

As the intake of polyunsaturated fats increases, the need for vitamin E:

increases.

Following absorption, fat-soluble vitamins are initially circulated in the _____ via _____.

lymph, chylomicrons

B12 deficiency is characterized by:

macrocytic anemia. neural tube defects.

Observational human and experimental animal studies have provided evidence that vitamin D deficiency might lead to greater susceptibility to _____.

multiple sclerosis

Vitamin A is essential for ____________.

reproduction growth immune function

The vitamin contained in coenzymes necessary for oxidation-reduction reactions in the production of ATP is ____.

riboflavin

How are water-soluble vitamins initially circulated in the body?

Transported via the blood to the liver

Absorption of fat-soluble vitamins may take several hours, and transport in the blood requires that they be bound to a carrier.

True

The B-complex vitamins provide energy.

True

Overconsumption of which vitamin is most likely to result in toxicity?

Vitamin A (retinol)

Which vitamin acts as an antioxidant?

Vitamin C

Long term use of antibiotics may result in vitamin K deficiency because:

antibiotics may change the bacterial flora in the gut, decreasing vitamin K production.

Vitamin K is involved in _____.

blood clotting and proper bone mineralization

Which vitamin functions as a hormone?

both vitamins A and D

The action of sunlight on 7-dehydrocholesterol forms:

cholecalciferol.

A primary function of thiamin is to:

facilitate the production of energy from glucose.