Quiz 8

Question 7 In study 2, the researchers actually manipulated implicit theories of willpower by randomly assigning participants to complete one of two biased questionnaires that were designed to foster agreement with either a limited-resource theory or a nonlimited-resource theory. Then they were also randomly assigned to the depletion or nondepletion task, and finally completed the Stroop task to measure the probability of making a mistake. What kind of factorial design was used in this study? A 2x2 between subjects B 2x2 mixed design C 2x2x2 between subjects D 2x2 within subjects

A 2x2 between subjects

Question 5 To analyze the effect of depletion task and implicit theories of willpower, the researchers used a linear model in which they predicted the probability of a mistake from the depletion task, implicit theory score, reaction time, and trial order. Their goal was to see the effect of depletion and implicit theory above and beyond the effects of reaction time and order. What kind of complex correlational method did they use? A mediation analysis B multiple regression C cluster analysis D factor analysis

B multiple regression

Question 4 When evaluating their data on Stroop mistakes, the researchers noticed that participants made fewer errors as they completed more trials of the task. This is evidence of a ___. A specific item effect B practice effect C fatigue effect D carryover effect

B practice effect

Student Assessment Professor Grading Question 1 In the article you read this week, "Ego Depletion - Is It All in Your Head?" (Job, Dweck, & Walton, 2010), the authors were interested in testing whether a person's beliefs about the nature of willpower would affect whether their willpower was depleted or not after a challenging task. In all of the studies in this paper, participants completed a "stimulus detection task" in which they first had to cross out every e in a passage. Half of the participants were then instructed to continue this same task on a second page (nondepleting task), and the other half of the participants were instructed to follow complex rules that required them to inhibit the task they had previously completed (depleting task). Finally, all participants completed a Stroop task in which they were shown words and asked to name the color of the ink. This task is particularly hard when the word itself conflicts with the color (e.g. "purple" printed in green ink). The dependent variable was the probability of making an error on those incongruent trials. The researchers' prediction was that participants should be more likely to make an error after the depleting task than after the nondepleting task. In study 1, the researchers wanted to know if the effect of the depletion task on errors would depend on participants' implicit beliefs about willpower. Participants completed six items assessing beliefs about willpower, using a 1 (strongly agree) to 6 (strong disagree) scale. What kind of survey question was used for this measure? A Open-ended B Rating scale C Likert scale D Both A and B

C Likert scale

Question 10 In study 4, the researchers noted that they recruited 101 participants in April, but only 44 of them completed the survey in May, and 41 in June. What kind of time-related confound were the researchers likely concerned about A Instrumentation B Regression to the mean C Mortality (attrition) D Maturation

C Mortality (attrition)

Question 3 The authors also described how they embedded the six items about willpower in a longer survey measuring other implicit theories about personality and intelligence in order to avoid arousing suspicion. This means the authors were trying to reduce ___. A experimenter bias B range effects C demand characteristics D socially desirable responding

C demand characteristics

Question 2 The authors note that "the scale was reliable, so scores on the six items were averaged". In this case, reliability is referring to ____ and the averaged score is a ____ for implicit theories about willpower. A test-retest reliability; manipulation check B test-retest reliability; composite score C internal consistency; composite score D internal consistency; manipulation check

C internal consistency; composite score

Question 9 In study 4, the researchers wanted to see if their findings would generalize to real-world situations in which people experience stress and self-regulatory demands. They recruited undergraduates at the start of spring quarter, and measured them again in May and again during finals week in June. At each time point, participants completed measures of implicit theory of willpower, everyday efforts at self-regulation (i.e. eating junk food and procrastinating), and self-regulation with respect to a personal goal. They wanted to track participants over time to see if having a limited-resource belief in May predicted worse self-regulation in June (when self-regulation demands are high). What kind of quasi-experimental design did they use in this study? A cross-sectional design B interrupted time series design C longitudinal design D non-equivalent control groups design

C longitudinal design

Question 8 In study 3, the researchers wanted to know whether the interaction between depletion task and implicit theory could be explained by participants' interpretation of their exhaustion after completing the stimulus detection task. They asked participants to report how tired they were after completing the depletion task, and then used a linear model to predict the probability of a mistake from depletion, self-reported exhaustion, implicit theory, and their interactions. Their results are depicted in the figure on the slide. What kind of complex correlational method did they use to do this analysis? A factor analysis B cluster analysis C mediation analysis D multiple regression

C mediation analysis

Question 6 Below is a figure of the data from study 1. What statistical effects are likely present in this data? LOOK AT COURSE KEY A Main effect of depletion condition B Main effect of implicit resource theory C Interaction between depletion condition and implicit resource theory D Both A and C

D Both A and C