Quizlet 2

How can spread footings be made?

Placing concrete inside wooden or metal forms

What are footing drains?

Plastic pipe placed around the flootings in a bed of crushed stone

What is grout?

Portland cement mixture that has strength

What is a grinder pump?

Pump that grinds solids into small enough particles to be pumped and pumps sewage at low pressure.

What are batter boards?

Sturdy horizontal boards fastened between 2x4 stakes

What is a building sewer?

System that carries waste to municipal sewer or septic system

To find the height of the columns, first determine what?

dimensions from the basement floor to finished first floor.

How is the footing shown on foundation plan?

dotted lines outside of foundation lines

Slab-on-grade installations may require _________.

electrical raceways

The depth of the foundation is shown on _________.

elevations.

What is sheathing?

encloses the structure if structural grade is used

Most buildings require some _______ to prepare site for foundation.

excavation

What is balloon framing?

exterior wall studs are continuous from the foundation to the top of the wall

What does backfilled mean?

filled with earth to finish grade line

The layout of the foundation walls and footings are shown on ________.

foundation plan

The ____ is supported at regular intervals by wood or metal posts.

girder

In all drawing sets, a wall sections shows what?

how foundation is built

In the simplest building all joists run ________ and supported between ____________ by single girders.

in the same direction, foundation walls

Corners are usually marked with an ______ or permanent feature.

iron pin

As each area is framed, the carpenter must identify what?

joist headers, size and type of framing, spacing

What is LVL?

laminated veneer lumber

The distribution diverts the liquid into ________ lines.

leach

__________ of framing members are not included on framing plans.

lengths

What are beam packets?

needed if top of girder is to be flushed with top of foundation

Floor joists are ______ framing member that make up most of floor framing.

parallel

What are joists?

parallel beams used in the floor framing

The building code/health department code often requires what?

percolation test

The _________________ foundations don't use concrete footings.

permanent wood

When floor drains or forms are set for _______ floors it is necessary to find________.

pitched, total pitch of slab

___________ framing uses heavier framing members

post-and-beam

The _______ line is installed first.

sewer

A steel girder is indicated by a _________ with note.

single line

The boundary line of the building site are shown on the ___________.

site plan

Before total length of columns or height of piers can be calculated, it is necessary to determine ____________.

size of girder and relationship to floor joist.

What is the simplest type of footing used in residential construction?

slab-on-grade

The sewer line is shown as _________ lines.

solid or broken

The footings may be _________ to accommodate sloping site.

stepped

On sloping sites, it is necessary to change _________ to accommodate the slope.

the depth of footings

What is a box sill?

the entire construction of the floor frame at the top of the foundation

What is a masonry opening?

the size of the opening required in the foundation wall to accommodate the window

What is wracking?

the tendency of all studs to move allowing the wall to collapse to the site

What are pilasters?

thickened sections of foundation wall that adds strength to the wall

Why is a sill sealer included on sill plate?

to prevent the sill plate from coming in direct contact with the foundation

The top of studs are held in position by __________.

top plate

Steel framing uses _____ and ______ in place of bottom and top plates.

tracks, runners

What is platform framing?

type of framing used in most houses built

LVL is made by gluing layers of _______ together.

veneer

Both front and side setbacks are always regulated by ___________.

zoning ordinances

What is a mil or mils?

1 mil is 1/1000 of an inch and it measures the thickness of polyethylene sheathing.

What is a datum symbol?

A reference point for other dimensions

What does preparing the site mean?

Clearing bushes and trees that are not part of finished landscape

Where is a vapor barrier used?

Laid over gravel underfill

What are contour lines?

Lines following particular elevation

A wood girder is indicated by __________ and a note.

2 or more lines

To layout footing lines, measure ____ from building lines.

4 in

In light construction, the sewer is only ______ to the building.

4 inches

Bearing angles have to be under _______.

90 degrees

What are anchor bolts?

Bolts placed in top of foundation and left protruding out so the wood superstructure can be fastened in place

A common type of engineered wood joists is ________.

I-joist

What is a frost line?

Depth of any possible freezing

Why is grading necessary?

Ensure water drains away from the building and make sure a puddle does not form

What is a haunch?

Extra thick portion of the slab that is made by ditching earth before concrete is placed

What is a spread footing?

Footing separate from the concrete floor

What does a septic tank do?

Holds solid waste while it is decomposed by bacterial action.

What is elevation?

It is the vertical distance grade is measured in

What is a riser and when is it used?

It is the vertical part through the floor used to set at the proper elevation prior to placing concrete floor

What is a heat sink?

Mass of dense material that absorbs energy of the sun during the day

What is a pipe column?

Most common metal post support for girders

What does grading mean?

Moving earth from high areas into low areas

What is a setback?

The distance from the boundary to the building line

What are characteristics of sewer lines?

They rely on gravity flow, large in diameter, and pitched to provide flow

Why are concrete footings planed in the bottom of the excavation?

To support the entire weight of the building

What is a termite shield?

a continuous metal shield that prevents termites from getting to the wood superstructure

What is a pilaster?

a thickened section of foundation which helps to resist pressure

The sewer is installed ______ the building is erected to prevent damage.

after

What is a characteristic of platform framing?

all studs extend only the height of one story

What is a benchmark?

any stationary object

________ carry load without continuous support from below.

beams

The __________ of a line is the angle between North and South.

bearing

The direction of a property line is expressed as __________.

bearing angle

A _________ is a steel plate that provides flat surface at top/bottom of column or post.

bearing plate

The bottoms of studs are held in position by ________.

bottom plate

The number of joists and headers required is explained in _________.

building codes

The height of the foundation wall is dimensioned on ____________.

building elevations

___________ can be saved even after the corner stakes are removed.

building lines

Concrete and masonry expand and contract with ________.

changes in temperature

Metal floor joists are used in ______________.

commercial and industrial

Expansion joints can be made from ________ material such as _____________.

compressible, neopane and composition sheathing