RAD 130 Ch 7*
Which two are the essential oblique projections of the ankle? (Select all that apply.) -AP oblique, 15-to 20-degree lateral rotation -AP oblique, 15-to 20-degree medial rotation -AP oblique, 45-degree lateral rotation -AP oblique, 45-degree medial rotation
-AP oblique, 15-to 20-degree medial rotation -AP oblique, 45-degree medial rotation
Which two specific projections of the ankle are performed to diagnose a tear of the medial or lateral ligament? (Select all that apply.) -AP, eversion stress -AP, inversion stress -AP oblique, eversion stress -AP oblique, inversion stress
-AP, eversion stress -AP, inversion stress
Which two are essential projections of the calcaneus? (Select all that apply.) -Axial (dorsoplantar) -Lateral (mediolateral) -Axial (plantodorsal) -Lateral (lateromedial)
-Axial (dorsoplantar) -Lateral (lateromedial)
Which two of the following projections would benefit from the use of a compensating filter? (Select all that apply.) -Lateral calcaneus -Axial calcaneus -AP foot -AP toes
-Axial calcaneus -AP foot
The central ray for an AP oblique projection of the foot is: -0 degrees. -5 degrees posteriorly. -10 degrees posteriorly. -15 degrees posteriorly.
0 degrees
The central-ray angle for a lateral projection of the ankle is: -0 degrees -5 degrees cephalad -7 degrees cephalad -10 degrees caudad
0 degrees
The central-ray angulation for a lateral projection of the calcaneus is: -0 degrees -5 degrees cephalad -10 degrees cephalad -5 to 10 degrees cephalad
0 degrees
The central-ray angulation for an AP oblique projection of the ankle is: -0 degrees -5 degrees caudad -7 degrees caudad -15 degrees caudad
0 degrees
The central-ray angulation for an AP oblique projection of the toes is: -0 degrees -5 degrees posteriorly -10 degrees posteriorly -15 degrees posteriorly
0 degrees
The central-ray angulation for the AP ankle projection is: -0 degrees -5 degrees caudad -10 degrees caudad -15 to 20 degrees caudad
0 degrees
Where is the central ray directed for a lateral projection of the calcaneus? -1 inch distal to the medial malleolus -2 inches distal to the medial malleolus -1 inch posterior to the medial malleolus -2 inches posterior to the medial malleolus
1 inch distal to the medial malleolus
To better demonstrate the TMT joint spaces of the foot, a posterior angulation of how many degrees is required? -0 -10 -15 -20
10
How many phalanges are in the foot? -5 -7 -14 -26
14
How many degrees of angulation are required to open the IP joint spaces of the toes on an AP projection? -0 -10 -15 -20
15
To demonstrate the ankle mortise, the leg and foot should be rotated medially how many degrees? -10 -25 -45 -5 to 20
15 to 20
How is the lower limb positioned to obtain the projection in the image below? -30- to 45-degree medial rotation -15- to 20-degree medial rotation -30- to 45-degree lateral rotation -15- to 20-degree lateral rotation
15- to 20-degree medial rotation
How many bones are in the foot? -14 -26 -27 -29
26
For an AP oblique projection of the foot in either medial or lateral rotation, the plantar surface of the foot should form an angle of: -15 degrees -30 degrees -45 degrees -60 degrees
30 degrees
What anatomy is labeled as letter A in the image below? -First metatarsophalangeal joint -Proximal interphalangeal joint of first digit -Distal interphalangeal joint of first digit -Interphalangeal joint of first digit
First metatarsophalangeal joint
How many metatarsal bones are in the foot? -Four -Five -Six -Seven
Five
The talus articulates with how many bones? -One -Two -Three -Four
Four
On which aspect of the foot does the cuboid lie? -Lateral -Medial -Superior -Inferior
Lateral
What anatomy is labeled as letter B in the image below? -Sinus tarsi -Sustentaculum tali -Navicular -Tibiotalar joint
Sinus tarsi
For an AP projection of the ankle, the central ray must enter the: -talus -subtalar joint -talofibular joint -ankle joint, midway between the malleoli
ankle joint, midway between the malleoli
For a lateral projection of the foot, the central ray is directed to the: -head of the third metatarsal -base of the third metatarsal -tibiotalar joint -navicular
base of the third metatarsal
The largest and strongest tarsal bone is the: -calcaneus -navicular -medial cuneiform -lateral cuneiform
calcaneus
Letter H in the image below labels the: -navicular -cuboid -talus -lateral cuneiform
cuboid
The bone identified by the arrow in this figure is the: -tibia -cuboid -talus -navicular
cuboid
All of the joints of the foot are synovial (freely movable) except the: -femorotibial -patellofemoral -distal tibiofibular -proximal tibiofibular
distal tibiofibular
The aspect of the foot shown in this figure is the: -dorsal -plantar -medial -lateral
medial.
How many degrees are the lower leg and foot rotated for the AP oblique projection of the toes in medial rotation? -10 to 15 -20 to 25 -40 to 60 -30 to 45
30 to 45
What is the central-ray angulation for the axial (plantodorsal) projection of the calcaneus? -25 degrees -30 degrees -35 degrees -40 degrees
40 degrees
The medial and lateral oblique projections of the ankle require the leg and foot to be rotated how many degrees? -15 -20 -45 -30
45
For an axial projection of the calcaneus, the ankle should be dorsiflexed so the plantar surface of the foot is: -parallel with the central ray -perpendicular to the central ray -70 degrees from the plane of the IR -90 degrees from the plane of the IR
90 degrees from the plane of the IR
Which of the following will clearly demonstrate the cuboid? -AP -Lateral -AP oblique in lateral rotation -AP oblique in medial rotation
AP oblique in medial rotation
Which ankle projection will clearly demonstrate the ankle mortise in profile? -AP -AP oblique, 15- to 20-degree internal rotation -AP oblique, 45-degree internal rotation -AP oblique, 45-degree external rotation
AP oblique, 15- to 20-degree internal rotation
Which projection will clearly demonstrate the joint spaces between the talus and both malleoli? -AP -AP oblique, 15- to 20-degree internal rotation -AP oblique, 45-degree internal rotation -AP oblique, 45-degree external rotation
AP oblique, 15- to 20-degree internal rotation
When the malleoli of the ankle are positioned parallel with the IR, the ankle is in position for which projection? -AP -AP oblique, 45-degree lateral rotation -AP oblique, 45-degree medial rotation -AP oblique, 15- to 20-degree medial rotation for the ankle mortise
AP oblique, 15- to 20-degree medial rotation for the ankle mortise
Which projection of the foot will show the cuboid in profile? -AP -Lateral -AP oblique, lateral rotation -AP oblique, medial rotation
AP oblique, medial rotation
Which projections of the ankle are performed on a patient following an inversion or eversion injury? -AP and lateral -AP and both obliques -AP stress studies -AP, lateral, and both obliques
AP stress studies
The most commonly performed oblique projection of the foot is the _____ oblique in _____. -AP; medial rotation -AP; lateral rotation -PA; medial rotation -PA; Grashey method
AP; medial rotation
Which of the following is not clearly demonstrated on an AP projection of the ankle? -Tibiotalar -Lateral malleoli -Ankle mortise -Tibiofibular overlapping
Ankle mortise
Which projection is demonstrated in this photograph? -PA foot -AP axial foot -Axial calcaneus (plantodorsal) -Axial calcaneus (dorsoplantar)
Axial calcaneus (plantodorsal)
The central ray is directed to which of the following for an AP or AP axial projection of the foot? -Head of the second metatarsal -Head of the third metatarsal -Base of the third metatarsal -Base of the fourth metatarsal
Base of the third metatarsal
To prevent lateral rotation, how should the foot be positioned for a lateral projection of the ankle? -In dorsiflexion -In plantar flexion -On a 10-degree angle wedge -On a 15-degree angle wedge
In dorsiflexion
An avulsion fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal is called a ____ fracture. -Pott -Colles -Jones -Boxer
Jones
Which projections of the foot will best demonstrate the structural status of the longitudinal arch? -AP axial -AP oblique medial rotation -Lateral (lateromedial) -Lateral (lateromedial) weight-bearing
Lateral (lateromedial) weight-bearing
Which of the following is the essential lateral projection of the calcaneus? -Lateral (lateromedial) -Lateral (mediolateral) -Lateromedial oblique -Lateromedial oblique, weight-bearing
Lateral (mediolateral)
What anatomy is labeled with the letter B in the image below? -Lateral malleolus -Medial malleolus -Talus -Tibiotalar joint
Lateral malleolus
What is the patient position for a lateral projection of the third, fourth, or fifth toes? -Supine, with the leg and foot laterally rotated -45 degrees oblique, with the leg and foot laterally rotated -Lateral recumbent, on the affected side -Lateral recumbent, on the unaffected side
Lateral recumbent, on the affected side
What anatomy is labeled with the letter D in the image below? -Lateral malleolus -Medial malleolus -Talus -Tibiotalar joint
Medial malleolus
Which lateral projection of the foot is the most commonly performed? -Lateromedial (lateral recumbent position) -Mediolateral (lateral recumbent position) -Lateromedial (standing weight-bearing) -Mediolateral (standing weight-bearing)
Mediolateral (lateral recumbent position)
What anatomy is labeled as letter E in the image below? -Sinus tarsi -Tibiotalar joint -Mortise joint -Medial malleolus
Mortise joint
What anatomy is labeled as letter E in the image below? -Sinus tarsi -Sustentaculum tali -Navicular -Tibiotalar joint
Navicular
Which tarsal bone lies directly anterior to the talus? -Cuboid -Navicular -Medial cuneiform -Lateral cuneiform
Navicular
Where will the fibula be located on a properly positioned lateral radiograph of the ankle? -Directly over the tibia -Behind the tibia -Over the anterior half of the tibia -Over the posterior half of the tibia
Over the posterior half of the tibia
What is the projection and anatomy of interest depicted in the image below? -AP axial calcaneus -AP calcaneus -Plantodorsal axial calcaneus -Superoinferior axial calcaneus
Plantodorsal axial calcaneus
How is the patient placed for a lateral projection of the great toe and second toe? -Supine, with the affected leg turned out -Supine, with the affected leg turned in -Lateral, on the affected side -Recumbent, on the unaffected side
Recumbent, on the unaffected side
How many tarsal bones are in the foot? -Four -Five -Six -Seven
Seven
What type of joint is the ankle mortise? -Synovial—gliding -Synovial—hinge -Synovial—ellipsoidal -Synovial—ball and socket
Synovial—hinge
What anatomy is labeled as letter D in the image below? -Tibia -Fibula -Talus -Calcaneus
Talus
What anatomy is labeled as letter A in the image below? -Tibiotalar joint -Tibiofibular joint -Sinus tarsi -Tibiocalcaneal joint
Tibiotalar joint
How many phalanges are in the great toe? -None -One -Two -Three
Two
The superior surface of the foot is termed the _____ surface. -dorsal -plantar -anterior -superior
dorsal
For a lateral projection of the ankle, the central ray must enter the: -navicular -tibiofibular joint -medial malleolus -lateral malleolus
medial malleolus
All of the following forms the ankle mortise, except: -lateral malleolus of the fibula -medial surface of the tibia -inferior surface of the tibia -medial malleolus of the tibia
medial surface of the tibia
The bone of the foot indicated by the arrow in this figure is the: -navicular -talus -calcaneus -medial cuneiform
navicular
All of the following must be rotated for all oblique projections of the ankle, except: -pelvis -knee joint -foot -leg
pelvis
The inferior aspect of the foot is termed the _____ surface. -posterior -caudal -dorsal -plantar
plantar
The name of the small round bones located on the plantar surface of the foot, typically beneath the first MTP joint, is the: -cuneiforms -sesamoids -tarsals -epicondyles
sesamoids
The superior portion of the calcaneus contains a groove called the calcaneal sulcus. The inferior portion of the talus contains a matching groove called the sulcus tali. Collectively, these two sulci form the: -trochlea -ankle mortise -sinus tarsi -sustentaculum tali
sinus tarsi
The only ball-and-socket joint in the foot is the: -ankle mortise -tarsometatarsal -calcaneocuboid -talocalcaneonavicular
talocalcaneonavicular
The bone of the foot indicated by the arrow in this figure is the: -navicular -talus -calcaneus -medial cuneiform
talus
The second largest tarsal bone, and the one that occupies the highest position in the foot, is the: -talus -navicular -calcaneus -medial cuneiform
talus
The group of bones labeled as G in the image below are the: -phalanges -metatarsals -digits -tarsals
tarsals
For an AP projection of the toes, the central ray is directed to the: -second IP joint -second MTP joint -third MTP joint -base of the third metatarsal
third MTP joint
