RBT Test
Kyle walked into his classroom. The teacher told him to get his math book. Kyle fell to the floor. The teacher went to tell the principal about Kyle's behavior instead of doing the math lesson. What could be the REINFORCER? A. Escape from math B. The soft carpet C. Deep pressure D. Recess
A. Escape from math
When certain parts of the environment impact our response, this is said to have _____________over our responses. A. Stimulus control B. Generalization C. Transference D. Control
A. Stimulus control
Environmental supports are: A. Supports that change or adapt specific settings. B. Opportunities for status, recognition or increased involvement. C. All of a persons relationships, associations, and networks. D. Supports that build competence and skill
A. Supports that change or adapt specific settings
An airplane flies overhead and a girl says "airplane." This is an example of which verbal operant? A. Tact B. Echoic C. Imitation (mimetic) D. Mand
A. Tact
Discrimination training requires ... A. one response and one antecedent condition. B. two responses and one antecedent condition. C. one response and two antecedent conditions. D. two responses and two antecedent conditions.
C. one response and two antecedent conditions
Having a child copy an instructor as she opens and closes her mouth is an example of... A. vocal imitation. B. verbal imitation. C. oral motor imitation. D. gross motor imitation.
C. oral motor imitation
Which type of chaining results in the learner being reinforced after they perform the final step in the chain? A. Backwards chaining B. Forwards chaining C. Total task presentation
A. Backwards chaining
If reinforcement is delivered after each number of responses listed, which of the following is variable ratio of 7 (VR7)? A. 3, 11, 7, 7, 4, 10 B. 7, 7, 7, 7 C. 1, 7, 1, 7, 1, 7 D. 2, 12, 3, 7, 7
A. 3, 11, 7, 7, 4, 10
In discrete trial instruction, a short instruction delivered to a learner is called: A. A discriminative stimulus (SD) B. A consequence C. A reinforcer D. Feedback
A. A discriminative stimulus (SD)
Which of the following is a red flag for a boundary crossing? A. Accepting the use of a clients family's beach house for the weekend. B. Talking about the weather for a few minutes with a clients grandparent. C. Spending a couple of minutes after a session asking about how to prepare the client for an upcoming vacation. D. Bringing in the family's newspaper that was on the front lawn when you arrive at their home.
A. Accepting the use of a clients family's beach house for the weekend
What are the 4 functions of behavior? A. Access to tangibles, to gain attention, ecape, automatic. B. Access to time, access to items, access to activities, access to individuals. C. Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, neutral reinforcement, automatic reinforcement. D. Primary reinforcers, conditioned reinforcers, primary punishment, conditioned punishment.
A. Access to tangibles, to gain attention, ecape, automatic
Which of the following is an example of overzealous intrusive intervention? A. An RBT running over to a client who is slapping himself and screaming for help while they are trying to hold the person's hands B. An RBT waiting for a client to stop screaming before they give a prompt to complete a task C. An RBT showing a visual schedule to a client to let her know what will happen next D. An RBT giving a sticker to a young client who just finished a block imitation task
A. An RBT running over to a client who is slapping himself and screaming for help while they are trying to hold the person's hands
There are three types of behavior intervention strategies in the behavior plan; they are... A. Antecedent Interventions, Replacement Behaviors and Consequence interventions. B. Consequences, Extinction, and Punishment. C. Distant Setting Events, Proximal Setting Events, and Punishers. D. Environmental, Covert, and Overt.
A. Antecedent Interventions, Replacement Behaviors and Consequence interventions
What precedes behavior? A. Antecedents B. Reinforcement C. Punishment D. Consequences
A. Antecedents
Why is it so important to always consider human rights and potential for risk of harm when establishing behavior change programs? A. Because people who need these programs are often vulnerable and can become victims of mistreatment B. Guardians and parents make it necessary C. There are always human rights organizations policing and protecting vulnerable people. D. They cannot always communicate their needs effectively.
A. Because people who need these programs are often vulnerable and can become victims of mistreatment
When practitioners believe there may have been an ethical violation by another practitioner, or non behavioral colleague, they attempt to resolve the issue, first by: A. Bringing it to the attention of that individual B. Contacting the BACB C. Discussing it with their direct supervisor D. Providing documentation of the violation to their superior
A. Bringing it to the attention of that individual
What follows behavior? A. Consequences B. Responses C. Antecedent D. Setting Events
A. Consequences
As the student becomes more proficient with verbal imitation, what procedure should be used to shape articulation? A. Differential reinforcement B. Extinction C. Variable Ratio of 5 D. Punishment
A. Differential reinforcement
Which of the following is NOT a Naturalistic Teaching Strategy? A. Discrete Trial Instruction B. Natural Language Paradigm C. Incidental Teaching D. Milieu
A. Discrete Trial Instruction
Stimuli in the environment that signal behavior and that are associated with reinforcement is the definition for __________. A. Discriminative Stimuli (SDs) B. Non-verbal stimuli C. Positive reinforcer D. Tact stimuli
A. Discriminative Stimuli (SDs)
Visual Inspection is the process whereby data is: A. Graphed and analyzed B. Discussed with a multidisciplinary team C. Inspected for mistakes
A. Graphed and analyzed
Any reinforcer that has the potential to affect the health of the client adversely if used inappropriately or in excess is called a: A. Harmful reinforcer B. An ineffective reinforcer C. A punisher D. An aversive treatment
A. Harmful reinforcer
In receptive identification it is recommended that the array of items should: A. Increase in size and become messier B. Increase in size and be very organized C. Stay between 4-6 items in a square or rectangular pattern D. Stay between 3-5 items in a linear pattern
A. Increase in size and become messier
What is a later step to be targeted within tacting? A. Increase the length of utterances using carrier phrases. B. Transfer all tacts to mands. C. Verify that the learner has equal numbers of mands and tacts. D. All of the above
A. Increase the length of utterances using carrier phrases
_________________the pace of instruction can decrease the likelihood of escape behaviors. A. Increasing B. Always varying C. Changing D. Decreasing
A. Increasing
Which of the following best explains why discrete trials are effective with those who have learning difficulties? A. Information is broken down into small parts that are taught systematically and reinforced B. Information is chunked into large pieces that are taught systematically and reinforced C. Information is broken down into small parts and are taught in random order D. Information is chunked into large pieces and are taught in random order
A. Information is broken down into small parts that are taught systematically and reinforced
Discrete trials should be delivered rather quickly in order to: A. Keep the momentum going B. Trick the learner into doing what is asked C. Make sure the learner is not reinforced too often D. Get through the program and end the session early
A. Keep the momentum going
Frequency recording would be appropriate to use for which behavior? A. Key strokes B. Humming C. Watching TV D. Running
A. Key strokes
A man approaches a pizza counter and says, "May I have a slice of cheese?" This is an example of which verbal operant? A. Mand B. Listener response C. Tact D. Intraverbal
A. Mand
What functions as a natural consequence of most social behaviors? A. Peer attention B. Teacher's praise C. Edibles D. Primary reinforcers
A. Peer attention
Generalization can refer to the transfer of behaviors to ___________. A. Persons, settings, and other behaviors B. Other persons and settings C. Other behaviors only D. Other settings only
A. Persons, settings, and other behaviors
The role of the RBT is to A. Provide direct support and education with individuals receiving ABA services B. All of the above C. Design behavior analysis programs for children with autism D. Analyze the data that is collected by paraprofessionals working with individuals with autism
A. Provide direct support and education with individuals receiving ABA services
In ITT, the format is: A. Sd/Instruction-->Response. B. Response-->Prompt. C. Response-->Inter-Trial-Interval. D. Response-->Sd/Instruction.
A. Sd/Instruction-->Response.
The first step in Joint Attention is ___________. A. Teaching the student to respond to bids of another. B. Teaching the student to initiate bids. C. Teaching the student to respond vocally to the bids of another, for example "cool" and "wow". D. Teaching the student to call the names of their peers.
A. Teaching the student to respond to bids of another
Teaching targets on the written skill acquisition plan: A. Tell the behavior technician what to present. B. Tell the behavior technician how to deliver the SD. C. Offer options as what to present to learners. D. Provide the long term vision for what the learner will master.
A. Tell the behavior technician what to present
Antecedent Interventions are strategies that focus on structuring and modifying the environment and conditions so that: A. The crisis behavior is less likely to occur while the environment is modified. B. The challenging behaviors are easily observable by supervisors. C. The teaching environment is designed with age appropriate teaching materials. D. The staff members are comfortable to move about with individuals who have mobility issues
A. The crisis behavior is less likely to occur while the environment is modified
Which of the following could be a Motivating Operation? A. Tommy hasn't eaten today and is very hungry. B. Tommy hit his sister. C. Before Suzy called her teacher a name, she felt ignored. D. After Tommy hit his sister, he was sent to time out.
A. Tommy hasn't eaten today and is very hungry
In line graphs the data points are generally connected with a solid line. A. True B. False
A. True
Multiple examplar training refers to _______________. A. Using many different stimuli to teach a skill to promote generalization. B. Using multiple SD's in tact training. C. Using different items when teaching a child to mand. D. Adding a new stimuli every day that the skill is worked on until you reach 5.
A. Using many different stimuli to teach a skill to promote generalization
Mohinder has Down's syndrome and lives in a group home. Tom, who works at the group home, asks Mohinder to loan him money for lunch, which he then pays back after his next paycheck. Is this abuse, and if so, why? A. Yes, it is considered financial abuse because Tom is making personal use of Mohinder's resources. B. Yes, it is considered physical abuse because Tom is taking something from Mohinder. C. No, it is alright because Tom is paying Mohinder back later. D. No, it is alright because Mohinder is an adult and can decide what he does with his money.
A. Yes, it is considered financial abuse because Tom is making personal use of Mohinder's resources
Stimulus control is when... A. a behavior is emitted more often in the presence of a particular discriminative stimulus than in its absence. B. a behavior is emitted more often in the presence of a prompt than in its absence. C. a behavior is emitted more often in the presence of a particular non-contingent reinforcer than in its absence. D. a behavior is emitted more often in the presence of a particular operationalized stimulus than in its absence.
A. a behavior is emitted more often in the presence of a particular discriminative stimulus than in its absence
In the normal progression in ITT, materials go from being... A. an orderly to messy array. B. a messy to an orderly array. C. a vertical to horizontal row. D. a horizontal to vertical row.
A. an orderly to messy array
If a practitioner finds that, due to unforeseen factors, a potentially harmful multiple relationship has arisen, what is recommended? A. attempt to resolve with the best interests of the affected person and maximal compliance with the Guidelines B. immediately cease all services with the client, but provide written explanation of the reason C. Any of the above are appropriate actions that can be taken D. Report it to the BACB so it can be legally documented
A. attempt to resolve with the best interests of the affected person and maximal compliance with the Guidelines
For ASD children that do not easily acquire imitation, skills may need to be... A. broken down into basic components, directly taught, and reinforced. B. removed from the child's program because imitation does not develop in children with ASD. C. expanded in complexity and difficulty. D. taught without the use of reinforcement, so they generalize more readily.
A. broken down into basic components, directly taught, and reinforced
A mand is controlled by... A. motivation. B. discriminative stimuli. C. prompts. D. reinforcers.
A. motivation
Using transfer trials will help eliminate________________ A. prompt dependency. B. deprivation. C. satiation. D. boredom.
A. prompt dependency
During error correction, after you represent the SD with a prompt, you should... A. represent the same instruction (SD) to test if the prompt was effective enough to teach them to get it right on their own. B. do three distractor trials. C. do a distractor trial. D. take a break.
A. represent the same instruction (SD) to test if the prompt was effective enough to teach them to get it right on their own
The purpose of using time delay when prompting is... A. to fade prompts and transfer the response to the SD. B. to increase the latency of the response. C. to decrease the time between the SD and the response. D. to keep the child waiting for a prompt.
A. to fade prompts and transfer the response to the SD
When you observed Sally, she kicked 7 times. Your observation was from 1 pm to 3 pm. Sally's kicking rate per hour is: A. 14 per hour B. 3.5 per hour C. 1.75 per hour D. 7 per hour
B. 3.5 per hour
Which of the following is an example of an exploitative relationships? A. A grateful mother baking a cake for her child's ABA team B. A BCBA agreeing to take a child on his caseload if the parent of the child receiving services will agree to give a discount on power tools at his hardware store C. Two co-workers flirting with each other D. An RBT thanking her mentor for being supportive
B. A BCBA agreeing to take a child on his caseload if the parent of the child receiving services will agree to give a discount on power tools at his hardware store
What are two things you need to maintain if you assist a person with banking and bill paying? A. An adequate bank balance and a budget B. A transaction record and a reconciliation of the transactions C. Your documentation as payee for the person you support and the bankbook D. Legal guardianship of the person and power of attorney
B. A transaction record and a reconciliation of the transactions
Which kind of data should be recorded on a graph for visual analysis? A. Frequency data B. All data C. None of the data discussed D. Interval recording
B. All data
Which of the following is appropriate to teach in verbal imitation/echoic training? A. Intonation B. All of the above C. Multi word sentences D. Volume
B. All of the above
Which of the following is an example of a harmful reinforcer A. 10 minutes f video game time after completing homework B. An entire box of cookies after using the toilet independently. C. Going swimming with Dad after you clean up your room D. Getting a hug from your favorite teacher after you help a classmate pick up books spilled out of her desk
B. An entire box of cookies after using the toilet independently
Which of the following is an example of self-monitoring an interaction with a family member? A. Looking at your own body language B. Asking yourself if you are emotional about the discussion C. Looking at the clock D. Listening to the words the other person says
B. Asking yourself if you are emotional about the discussion
Why do most professionals in the field of ABA recommend to start teaching language by teaching an individual to mand? A. Because mands are automatically reinforcing B. Because mands benefit the speaker; they say it, they get it C. Because mands are the easiest operant to teach D. Because all children learn to mand first
B. Because mands benefit the speaker; they say it, they get it
Kyle walked into his classroom. The teacher told him to get his math book. Kyle fell to the floor. The teacher went to tell the principal about Kyle's behavior instead of doing the math lesson. What was the ANTECEDENT to falling on the floor? A. The gluten in his breakfast B. Being told to get his math book C. The teacher trying to pick him up D. Being directed to sit down
B. Being told to get his math book
You provide support for Roberto, a man with a mild intellectual disability. While talking to him one day, he casually mentions that sometimes his sister (his fiduciary guardian) uses his SSI check to pay her rent. What is the most appropriate course of action to take? A. Call 911. B. Contact your agency's designated investigator. C. File an incident report. D. Call Roberto's sister to ask if the allegations are true.
B. Contact your agency's designated investigator
What is the first step in creating a behavioral treatment? A. Take baseline data B. Define the behavior and select a measurement technique. C. Write out the plan for the whole team to follow D. Decide if punishment is warranted
B. Define the behavior and select a measurement technique
Billy saying, "My name is Ricky" after Ricky said, "My name is Ricky" is an example of which verbal operant? A. Listener response B. Echoic C. Intraverbal D. Mand
B. Echoic
The following is a definition of what: The transfer of skills over time, to untrained responses, and across different environments. A. Tact B. Generalization C. Over-selection D. Transfer trials
B. Generalization
After Johnny threw his toys, his teacher gave him a gentle reprimand and told him that throwing was not nice. Later that day Johnny threw his toys four times. Why is this not an example of punishment? A. The reprimand was gentle and needed to be firmer. B. He threw his toys four times after the reprimand. C. The teacher gave an explanation, and punishment does not include explanations. D. He likes throwing his toys.
B. He threw his toys four times after the reprimand
What does a crisis plan describe? A. Which emergency responders to call during a crisis. B. How to prevent and respond to the crisis behaviors. C. Relaxation techniques for crises, such as deep breathing. D. Emergency preparedness details for your employment.
B. How to prevent and respond to the crisis behaviors
When is it acceptable to videotape a client receiving an intervention? A. If the client says they want to be on camera B. If the client and family provide informed consent, which means they know why the videotaping is occurring. C. It is acceptable always because there is a consent to treat document on file. D. It is never acceptable to videotape a client.
B. If the client and family provide informed consent, which means they know why the videotaping is occurring
Which of the following is a risk factor for abuse and neglect that is common for people with IDD? A. People with IDD have more education on appropriate and inappropriate physical and sexual behavior. B. Increased dependency on others for long-term care. C. Having a safety plan for integration into the community. D. Perpetrators don't see people with disabilities as desirable or vulnerable.
B. Increased dependency on others for long-term care
When you alter the environment to create motivation for something, you are... A. disrupting others in the class. B. contriving and capturing motivating operations. C. using the principles of DISC. D. setting up for your session.
B. contriving and capturing motivating operations
The graph most commonly used in ABA is: A. Bar graph B. Line graph C. Cumulative graph D. Scatterplot
B. Line graph
Stimulus-Stimulus Pairing is a fancy name for the procedure of: A. Shaping articulation B. Pairing reinforcement with vocalizations so talking alone provides reinforcement C. Presenting stimuli whenever the student points and talks D. Shaping new verbalizations
B. Pairing reinforcement with vocalizations so talking alone provides reinforcement
If a Behavior Analyst watched Jimmy for 5 minute periods and recorded if he were humming for ANY part of that 5 minutes period, she would be using: A. Duration Recording B. Partial Interval Recording C. Time Sampling D. Whole Interval Recording
B. Partial Interval Recording
What is the best prompt to use when first teaching imitation? A. Model prompts B. Physical prompts C. Gesture prompts D. Verbal Prompts
B. Physical prompts
Which of the following should you do if you are using errorless learning to deliver a trial? A. Provide the least intrusive prompt possible and wait for a response. B. Provide the most intrusive prompt necessary for correct responding. C. Use a time delay prompt and wait to see if the learner will respond. D. Use no prompting and re-present the trial if the learner responds incorrectly.
B. Provide the most intrusive prompt necessary for correct responding.
Differential Reinforcement is a procedure combining what two procedures? A. Punishment and reinforcement B. Reinforcement and extinction C. Punishment and extinction D. Functional Communication Training and punishment
B. Reinforcement and extinction
Which of the following is a good receptive skills program for early learners? A. LRFFC B. Multi Step Receptive Instructions C. Receptive Identification of Body Parts D. Conditional Directions
C. Receptive Identification of Body Parts
What is recommended if you find that you do not have the training needed to provide services in a particular area? A. Start working with the client, but only provide services in areas that you are trained in B. Seek additional training and supervision from person's competent in those areas C. Start with the client and you will learn through the experience D. Any of the above are acceptable.
B. Seek additional training and supervision from person's competent in those areas
What is the FIRST milestone likely to occur in typically developing children? A. Social referencing B. Smiling C. Joint attention D. Attention functions as a reinforcer
B. Smiling
Which core domain are you exploring when you ask the question: Does this person have opportunities to get to know the people in their neighborhood and be member of local organizations? A. Rights B. Social inclusion C. Self-determination D. Interpersonal relationships
B. Social inclusion
Cici loves to play with blocks but has little interest in being sung to. Her teacher decides to sing to her whenever Cici is playing with blocks so that the songs may also acquire reinforcing properties. This refers to what procedure? A. Differential reinforcement B. Stimulus-stimulus pairing C. Incidental teaching D. Extinction
B. Stimulus-stimulus pairing
When larger skills are broken down into teachable steps, this is called: A. Reinforcement B. Task analysis C. Successive approximations D. Shaping
B. Task analysis
In discrete trial instruction, least to most prompting sequences are most commonly used when: A. The learner is just beginning to learn the skill B. The learner can respond correctly to the discriminative stimulus around 85% of the time C. The learner can respond correctly to the discriminative stimulus around 90% of the time D. The learner does not respond well to more intrusive prompts
B. The learner can respond correctly to the discriminative stimulus around 85% of the time
Which part of a discrete trial makes it more likely the learner will respond again: A. The discriminative stimulus B. The reinforcer C. The punisher D. The intertrial interval
B. The reinforcer
Which of the following are negative punishment procedures? A. Time out and overcorrection B. Time out and response cost C. Restitutional overcorrection and planned ignoring D. Response cost and positive practice
B. Time out and response cost
Why is it important to model optimism when working with a client with disabilities? A. To give families a false sense of hope. B. To allow families to see what their loved one can do. C. It is never appropriate to be optimistic about someone with a disability. D. To show sympathy to families.
B. To allow families to see what their loved one can do
Which of the following is an example of receptive language/listener responding? A. Asking for a cookie B. Touching or looking at a picture or object when it is named C. Labeling a car when it is seen D. Answering the questions - what is your name and how old are you?
B. Touching or looking at a picture or object when it is named
The x-axis represents some unit of time during which data is obtained. A. False B. True
B. True
When might not obtaining informed consent, possibly violating confidentiality, be justified? A. When the parents of an adult you support are seeking information about the person B. When there is a significant and immediate health and safety risk to the person you support, or to others C. When you are talking to your own family members about your job and the people you support D. When the person you support has done something humorous and other staff would enjoy hearing about it
B. When there is a significant and immediate health and safety risk to the person you support, or to others
Our clients have certain rights and prerogatives that need to be maintained. The client must be provided on request: A. their home or cell number in case of an emergency with the client B. an accurate, current set of the practitioner's credentials C. all of the above D. their social security number to look up their criminal background
B. an accurate, current set of the practitioner's credentials
Task Analysis is the first step in... A. prompting. B. chaining. C. stimulus fading. D. shaping.
B. chaining
The field of Applied Behavior Analysis focuses on ______________ behavior. A. naughty B. reflexive C. observable D. respondent
C. observable
When deciding what mands to teach you should... A. always teach them to say "please" after each mand. B. do a preference assessment to determine what motivates your learner. C. choose what mands YOU want them to learn first. D. not choose food items since it's distracting to other children around them.
B. do a preference assessment to determine what motivates your learner.
Spontaneous recovery is most commonly associated with... A. negative reinforcement. B. extinction. C. negative punishment. D. positive punishment.
B. extinction
Reinforcement is any event that _________ behavior and _________ behavior. A. supports; increases B. follows; increases C. precedes; increases D. follows; decreases
B. follows; increases
If practitioners' ethical responsibilities conflict with law, ABA practitioners should: A. call or write the BACB and ask them to rule on the matter B. make known their commitment to these Guidelines and take steps to resolve the conflict C. notify their supervisor and then notify the BACB directly afterwards D. put aside their ethical responsibilities and proceed
B. make known their commitment to these Guidelines and take steps to resolve the conflict
It's important to remember that _______ action(s) should be taught for the same toy in imitation. A. only one B. multiple C. less than three
B. multiple
The matching law states that... A. rates of responding tend to equal the rate of punishment they avoid. B. relative rates of responding tend to equal the relative rates of reinforcement they produce. C. behaviors are equal to their consequences. D. antecedents are equal to their behaviors.
B. relative rates of responding tend to equal the relative rates of reinforcement they produce
In the beginning level learner you may first want to target: A. multi-syllabic words B. sounds or parts of words C. two-word phrases D. volume/pitch
B. sounds or parts of words
When a learner begins to become noncompliant, it most likely due to... A. them being bored with the task. B. they are not getting enough reinforcement and the schedule of reinforcement is too thin. C. them feeling angry or frustrated. D. the work being too easy for them.
B. they are not getting enough reinforcement and the schedule of reinforcement is too thin
The "knowns" serve all of the following purposes, except... A. they are used as maintenance. B. they are used to keep reinforcement very thin. C. they are used as distractors. D. they are used to build fluency.
B. they are used to keep reinforcement very thin
Teaching your student to mand can decrease problem behaviors because... A. they become nicer when they start manding. B. they can now use functional communication to get their needs met instead of problem behaviors. C. mands are aversive and decrease behavior over time. D. they have no time to engage in problem behaviors anymore.
B. they can now use functional communication to get their needs met instead of problem behaviors
Which of the following statements made by an RBT to a parent shows practicing "non-judgement?" A. "You must keep him on this visual schedule and use it consistently." B. "The visual schedule keeps him from getting upset. Where did you put it?" C. "Sometimes it is hard to be consistent with the visual schedule. How do you think we could make this a bit simpler to use?" D. "None of our parents use these schedules. I don't know why we waste the time making them."
C. "Sometimes it is hard to be consistent with the visual schedule. How do you think we could make this a bit simpler to use?"
At what age has a child's tact vocabulary first increased to over 1000 item? A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
C. 6
What can be used to determine existing nonsocial and social reinforcers? A. The VB-MAPP B. A peers list of reinforcers C. A preference assessment D. There is no way to determine existing reinforcers
C. A preference assessment
Why is it important to establish a healthy professional relationship with a client's family? A. Because you may need their assistance B. Because some loved ones cannot speak. C. Because you need to be able to communicate important information back and forth. D. It is not important, because you focus only on the client at all times.
C. Because you need to be able to communicate important information back and forth
What is one thing you can do while you are working to remember details or events you will document later? A. Tell someone else so they can remind you B. Work on memory exercises to build this skill C. Carry a note pad around when working to jot down notes to transcribe later D. Repeat it over three times out loud so you will remember
C. Carry a note pad around when working to jot down notes to transcribe later
Leila engages in hand mouthing. She is reinforced every time she is engaged in a behavior that is incompatible with hand mouthing (drawing or building with legos). This is an example of which differential reinforcement procedure? A. DRA B. DRO C. DRI D. DRL
C. DRI
Every ten minutes Johnny is rewarded with a gummy if he did not throw his toys. This is an example of which differential reinforcement procedure? A. DRA B. DRI C. DRO D. DRL
C. DRO
What is one thing you can do to maximize accuracy of what you document when assessing a person? A. Discuss your observation with others before writing anything down B. Get as many impressions from others about your observation before documenting C. Document immediately after an observation D. Wait a day or two to get your thoughts together before documenting
C. Document immediately after an observation
Which of the following is a more current expansion of discrete trial instruction: A. Use of punishment following an incorrect response B. The use of animals in discrete trial intervention C. Errorless learning techniques D. The use of reinforcement as a consequence in a discrete trial
C. Errorless learning techniques
When interacting with and communicating with families, it is important to: A. Offer your opinions as frequently as possible. B. Make sure you write down everything. C. Focus on what the person is saying. D. Judge what the person is saying.
C. Focus on what the person is saying
What might be an appropriate consequence intervention for screaming for attention? A. A firm reprimand B. A brief discussion of why screaming is not the way to access attention C. Ignoring the scream and later prompting them to call your name D. Having the child sit next to you so you can keep an eye on them
C. Ignoring the scream and later prompting them to call your name
You need to help Maria, a 15 year old girl learning to put on deodorant independently. Which environment would you choose to teach this skill in order to preserve her dignity? A. A room with other same gender clients. B. In a public restroom. C. In a private bathroom where you can prompt her through each step appropriately D. Anywhere you can get to her to teach it
C. In a private bathroom where you can prompt her through each step appropriately
In the most common terms, a tact is a __________. A. Question B. Request C. Label D. Echo
C. Label
If a Behavior Analyst measured the length of time that it took Andrew to respond to someone calling him, she would be measuring the A. Event B. Inter-trial interval C. Latency D. Duration
C. Latency
All of the following are ways DSPs can help reduce risk factors for abuse and neglect EXCEPT what? A. Help the person you support gain assertiveness skills. B. Learn to recognize the signs of abuse. C. Limit the person's social circle to reduce exposure to perpetrators. D. Model appropriate social behavior.
C. Limit the person's social circle to reduce exposure to perpetrators
If an intrusive intervention such as punishment or physical intervention must be used, it is important to: A. Make sure staff have clean background checks. B. Make sure that only the bigger staff members implement them. C. Make sure the client and data are monitored for unintended side effects and the rate of progress. D. Make sure the intervention is used on only the days that the behavior is really bad.
C. Make sure the client and data are monitored for unintended side effects and the rate of progress
When encountering a new client you should identify their skill level by __________. A. Having their parents come to an interview. B. Having their teachers fill out a survey. C. Performing an assessment, such as the VB-MAPP. D. Identify the skills of children their own age
C. Performing an assessment, such as the VB-MAPP
Which of the following is not a core quality-of-life domain? A. Personal Development B. Emotional Well-Being C. Personal Possessions D. Rights
C. Personal Possessions
Non-accidental, inappropriate contact or the use of force with an individual that causes injury or physical pain is considered which type of abuse? A. Mental/emotional abuse B. Sexual abuse C. Physical abuse D. Neglect
C. Physical abuse
Which core domain are you exploring when you ask the question: Does this person make their own choices and express their opinions? A. Personal development B. Social inclusion C. Self-determination D. Material Well-Being
C. Self-determination
Johnny is reinforced first for saying ba, then baba, then bottle. This is an example of what procedure? A. Total task presentation B. Forward chaining C. Shaping D. Phonemic prompting
C. Shaping
Marcia is teaching Denise how to clean a kitchen. She taught her how to rinse dishes and put them in the dishwasher, how to wipe counters, and how to sweep. The process Marcia used to teach how to clean a kitchen is called: A. Chaining B. Task analysis C. Shaping D. Reinforcing
C. Shaping
If you have an individual who engages in escape behaviors you should: A. Alternate antecedent interventions daily to see which ones are the most effective. B. Provide all antecedent interventions that can prevent escape. C. Tailor antecedent interventions to the person you support based on data from the FBA. D. Choose 3 antecedent interventions for escape maintained behaviors.
C. Tailor antecedent interventions to the person you support based on data from the FBA
Which of the following best explains the primary purpose of the BACB's Professional and Ethical Compliance code? A. The purpose of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code is to offer suggestions as how to treat clients and colleagues. B. The purpose of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code is to restrict the practice of behavior analysis to certain well-defined circumstances. C. The purpose of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code is to provide guidelines for certified and credentialed individuals to follow when they are providing behavior analysis services. D. The purpose of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code is to mandate specific tasks and behaviors for all certified and credentialed individuals.
C. The purpose of the Professional and Ethical Compliance Code is to provide guidelines for certified and credentialed individuals to follow when they are providing behavior analysis services
An operational definition is used for a behavior so that A. Its operation will be known to the entire team. B. Subjective reports can guide the intervention plan. C. Two independent observers will agree on occurrences and non-occurrences of the behavior. D. The problem behavior will decrease in frequency, and be replaced by more appropriate behaviors.
C. Two independent observers will agree on occurrences and non-occurrences of the behavior
What information can be generated from an FBA? A. What can I do to make the behaviors stop B. What is an appropriate educational placement C. What variables are likely to be involved in maintaining the behavior D. Whether to use Naturalistic Teaching or Intensive Teaching
C. What variables are likely to be involved in maintaining the behavior
When you document, you will want to consider how the information may be used. What else will you want to consider? A. How much time you are spending on it B. Whether there is anything offensive in the content C. Who will be reading or using it D. When action will be taken on it
C. Who will be reading or using it
The definition of behavior is: A. anytime someone exhibits an action that is problematic B. any response to an instruction C. any observable movement of a living thing D. the way a person acts
C. any observable movement of a living thing
When children produce sounds that resemble those produced by their parents, these sounds may function as: A. SSPs B. punishers C. automatic reinforcement D. motivating operations
C. automatic reinforcement
The value of a reinforcer... A. is not important in session. B. is up to the instructor. C. can change at any particular time and is determined by several variables. D. is always constant.
C. can change at any particular time and is determined by several variables.
Once pairing has taken place, the teacher can become a ___________reinforcer. A. generalized B. primary C. conditioned D. non-contingent
C. conditioned
Skinner's analysis of verbal behavior emphasizes __________ in addition to the form of language. A. order B. topography C. function D. classification
C. function
Non contingent reinforcement is delivered: A. when the child mands for a reinforcer. B. when the child is engaging in a target behavior. C. independent of the child's behavior. D. when the child engages in problem behavior.
C. independent of the child's behavior
A woman saying, "Cynthia" after being asked, "What's your name?" is an example of which verbal operant? A. echoic B. listener response C. intraverbal D. mand
C. intraverbal
Listener responding involves responding ____________ to the verbal behavior of another. A. verbally B. with sign language C. non-verbally D. with iconic (picture) exchange
C. non-verbally
The first step of establishing instructional control is... A. giving frequent task demands so the child knows what a session consists of. B. teach them to sit in a chair. C. pairing yourself, the teaching environment and the setting with reinforcement. D. allowing the child to deliver their own reinforcement.
C. pairing yourself, the teaching environment and the setting with reinforcement
Identify two consequences: A. positive and neutral extinction B. behaviors and responses C. reinforcement and punishment D. motivating and abolishing operations
C. reinforcement and punishment
For a student to be able to begin imitation training, they need to engage in some pre-requisite behaviors, including... A. responding in the absence of reinforcement, imitating peers readily. B. keeping hands off materials and engaging in problem behaviors at high rates. C. staying seated and attending to the teacher. D. scanning and tracking materials and readily imitating peers and teachers.
C. staying seated and attending to the teacher
You can track your learners progress in mands by... A. asking the parent how many times they mand at home. B. making an educated guess on how often your learner is manding per hour because it's not realistic to take frequency data. C. taking frequency data and graphing the results to be analyzed over time. D. tracking frequency of problematic behaviors.
C. taking frequency data and graphing the results to be analyzed over time
Which of the following violates the Professional and Compliance Code Element that addresses "disseminating accurate information about behavior analysis": A. Giving credit to an author of an article while training staff on the procedure illustrated in the article B. Informing the BACB when your address has changed C. Putting a statement on a company website that says "ABA is grounded in scientific research" D. A brochure that states "ABA can ensure that your child will speak within 3 weeks of starting therapy"
D. A brochure that states "ABA can ensure that your child will speak within 3 weeks of starting therapy"
We can assume social motivation is present when __________. A. A child requires 3 or less prompts to initiate. B. A child waits for their peers to initiate. C. A child does not initiate or respond to bids. D. A child spontaneously initiates
D. A child spontaneously initiates
The Phase Change line demonstrates a change in conditions on a graph and is represented by: A. A solid horizontal line B. A dotted horizontal line C. A line connecting the x and y axes D. A solid vertical line
D. A solid vertical line
In order to be effective, a quality of life approach to services must be used in the context of: A. A good educational and training program B. A small- to medium-sized community C. A good public health delivery system D. A system of individualized supports.
D. A system of individualized supports
What does the term "least intrusive" mean as it relates to behavior change plans? A. Ineffective behavior change plans B. Uncomplicated behavior change plans C. Behavior change plans that require a great deal of preparation D. Behavior change plans that place the least amount of risk or discomfort
D. Behavior change plans that place the least amount of risk or discomfort
Which of the following is the best behavioral definition? A. Making poor choices B. Is angry C. Acting out D. Bites self
D. Bites self
Fluency of skills is: A. Demonstrated by accurate responses given at a slower pace. B. When learners display target behaviors in different settings. C. Demonstrated across time and in different settings. D. Demonstrated by quick responding at high levels of accuracy.
D. Demonstrated by quick responding at high levels of accuracy
Which of the following are considered to be physical signs of abuse? A. Not complying with aspects of their person-centered plan B. Appearing fearful, suspicious, or submissive C. Spending too much money D. Fingerprints or handprints on the neck, face, arms, or wrists
D. Fingerprints or handprints on the neck, face, arms, or wrists
Crisis plans should have interventions based on which of the following? A. Form of the behavior B. Description of the behavior C. Topography of the behavior D. Function of the behavior
D. Function of the behavior
Which of the following parts of a written skill acquisition plan specifies the long term outcome for learner performance? A. Teaching procedures B. Prompt/Prompt fading procedures C. Criteria for mastery D. Goal
D. Goal
___________ is perhaps the most fundamental means of acquiring new behaviors and knowledge for humans. A. Listener responding B. Conversational language C. Tacting D. Imitation
D. Imitation
To help establish Functional Relationships, you should do which things? A. Teach self help and occupational skills before language and academic skills. B. Always choose the reinforcer for your learner and follow a schedule. C. Teach intraverbals and tacts before mands. D. Perform preference assessments and allow the child to choose the task/activity.
D. Perform preference assessments and allow the child to choose the task/activity
When teaching receptive identification if it useful to begin with identification of: A. Vehicles B. Neutral stimuli C. Animals D. Preferred stimuli
D. Preferred stimuli
All of the following should be taken into consideration when choosing targets, EXCEPT: A. Developmentally easier sounds B. Sounds/words associated with reinforcers C. Sounds/words that are pertinent to play activities and interests D. Sounds/words that have multiple syllables.
D. Sounds/words that have multiple syllables
If an RBT puts a picture of herself and the clients she works with on a social media site, she is: A. If an RBT puts a picture of herself and the clients she works with on a social media site, she is: B. Ignoring their basic rights C. Engaging in a dual relationship D. Violating the client's right to confidentiality
D. Violating the client's right to confidentiality
What is the starting question and the most important question in the quality of life approach: A. Does this person feel safe and secure? B. How many core domains are there? C. How can you measure quality of life? D. What is important to this individual?
D. What is important to this individual?
When you document you should attempt to document only? A. As little as possible so what you write cannot be used against you B. Your analysis of why what you documented happened C. Your impressions of the event you are documenting D. What was observed, not interpretations of what was observed
D. What was observed, not interpretations of what was observed
Using _______________________ to prevent problem behaviors is considered the proactive approach. A. consequence interventions B. behavioral interventions C. environmental interventions D. antecedent interventions
D. antecedent interventions
Errorless teaching would be most appropriate to prevent... A. behaviors to gain item/activity B. behaviors to gain attention. C. behaviors to gain sensory stimulation. D. behaviors to escape/avoid something.
D. behaviors to escape/avoid something
When our learner is on a roll with responding, reinforcement should be... A. given after every correct response. B. faded out so it doesn't interrupt the flow of the session. C. removed immediately. D. continued at current levels or increased.
D. continued at current levels or increased
If shown an array of photos and asked, "Give me the one that you jump on," this is an example of... A. class. B. feature. C. all of the above. D. function.
D. function
It is important to remember throughout imitative skills training that the end goal is to have the student... A. imitate approximately ten functional skills. B. readily imitate their skills trainer/paraprofessional. C. imitate in response to specific SDs. D. imitate others in his natural environment.
D. imitate others in his natural environment
Behavioral definitions must be both... A. broad and articulate. B. positive and comprehensive. C. impartial and multidimensional. D. observable and measurable.
D. observable and measurable
Another term for listener responding is... A. expressive language. B. mimetic language. C. imitative language. D. receptive language.
D. receptive language
Free Operant preference assessments involve... A. asking parents/caregivers what the child's preferred reinforcers are. B. providing a field of 3 toys and seeing which one you learner chooses. C. allowing a few minutes with each reinforcer, then removing and providing another one. D. watching what your learner chooses to do when they can play with anything available.
D. watching what your learner chooses to do when they can play with anything available
