RD Exam Review - Community
Meals on Wheels
Available for homebound seniors If eligible, also eligible for SFMNP (can denote proxy to obtain food from farmers markets)
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans are primarily developed and published by the executive branch of the government under what departments? Agriculture and Education Housing and Urban Development and Agriculture Education and Health and Human Services Agriculture and Health and Human Services
Agriculture and Health and Human Services The Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion takes a leadership role in developing the guidelines. The USDA coordinates and supports the review and dissemination of the government's recommendations.
What are the four key messages from MyPlate?
All food and beverage choices matter—focus on variety, amount, and nutrition. Choose an eating style low in saturated fat, sodium, and added sugars. Make small changes to create a healthier eating style. Support healthy eating for everyone.
"Ask Me 3" initiative
Ask Me 3 is an initiative that encourages the patient to be more involved in their health care by always asking the following questions: 1. What is my main problem? 2. What do I need to do? 3. Why is it important for me to do this?) Designed to improve communication between patients and health care providers so that patients can become more active members of their health care team
The Campinha-Bacote health care-centered model
Cultural awareness: self-examination and exploration of one's own cultural and professional background Cultural knowledge: seeking and obtaining a sound educational foundation about diverse cultural and ethnic groups; integration of health-related beliefs and cultural values, disease incidence and prevalence, and treatment efficacy. Cultural encounters: directly engaging in cross-cultural interactions with clients; will help refine or modify one's existing beliefs about a cultural group and help prevent possible stereotyping Cultural desire: the motivation of the health care provider to want to, rather than have to, engage in the process of becoming culturally aware, culturally knowledgable, culturally skillful, and familiar with cultural encounters Cultural skill: the ability of health care providers to conduct an accurate and culturally relevant health history and physical examination. Providers collect culturally relevant information from clients and perform culturally relevant assessments and interventions **According to the Campinha-Bacote model, culture competence originates in the individual.
Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI)
Developed to address the prevalence of malnutrition among older adults DETERMINE checklist (completed annually for all consumers receiving congregate meals, home delivered meals, or nutrition counseling): -Disease -Eating Poorly -Tooth Loss/Mouth Pain -Economic Hardship -Reduced Social Contact -Multiple Medicines -Involuntary Weight Loss/Gain -Needs Assistance in Self-Care -Elder Years Above Age 80 Level I: basic nutrition screen designed for use by social service and health professionals (anthropometrics (height, weight, BMI); eating habits; living environment; functional status) Level II: Provided more specific diagnostic information on nutrition status and is administered by health and medical professionals. RD's analytical skills needed. (level I screen plus mid-arm circumference; triceps skinfolds; serum albumin, serum cholesterol; drug use information; clinical features; mental/cognitive status)
What are the five key social determinants of health used in Healthy People 2020?
Economic stability Education Social and community context Health and health care Neighborhood and built environment
Native American Diet
cornbread, turkey, cranberry, blueberry, hominy and mush adapted into US cuisine from Native Americans Staples: maize, beans, squash
CACFP (Child and Adult Care Food Program)
food service program for family day care centers, neighborhood houses, homeless shelters, nonresidential adult daycare centers
Funding for public health programs comes primarily from:
general revenue public health departments derive a portion of their income from general revenue (taxes), and federal, local, or foundation grants
TEFAP The Emergency Food Assistance Program
helps supplement the diets of low-income Americans by providing them with emergency food assistance at no cost quarterly distributions of commodity foods by local, public or private nonprofit agencies, food banks, soup kitchens, homeless shelters
Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)
- applied HACCP throughout the food supply - Enables FDA to better protect public health by focusing on preventing food safety problems. - Allowed to establish regulations for fruit and vegetable production - Can recall contaminated foods - Ensures food defense
Public policy advocacy and legislation that affects nutrition education programs
1. Child Nutrition Reauthorization: covers NSLP, SBP, CACFP, SFSP, SMP, WIC 2. Farm Bill: national and international nutrition education, research, funding 3. The Older Americans Act: funds community programs and programs for those that are homebound
Steps in program planning
1. Develop Mission Statement 2. Set Goals 3. Set Objectives (specific, measurable)
The minimum number of additional competencies that ACEND requires a program to have to support its emphasis area is _____. 3 5 7 9
7 For establishing an emphasis area, the program has the following options: (1) Use one or more of the four defined emphasis areas (2) Develop a general emphasis by selecting a minimum of 7 competency statements, relevant to program mission and goals, with at least 1 from each of the 4 defined emphasis areas; the selected competencies should build on the core competencies (3) Create a unique emphasis area with a minimum of 7 competency statements, based on environmental resources and identified needs.
Be able to determine the following Procedural Terminology codes: 97802 97803 97804 G0270
97802 is the Medicare initial individual assessment code 97803 is the code for reassessment 97804 is the code for medical nutrition therapy (MNT) group G0270 is the code for MNT reassessment second referral.
What is the community health planning model PRECEDE-PROCEED?
A health education planning model that demonstrates that lasting behavior change is voluntary and must include input from the client. Stands for: Predisposing, Reinforcing & Enabling Constructs in Educational/Ecological Diagnosis and Evaluation - Policy, Regulatory & Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development PRECEDE: social/epidemiological/ecological assessment, match appropriate interventions, and implementation PROCEED: Implementation, process / impact / outcome evaluation
What is the National Health and Nutrition Exam Survey (NHANES)?
A program of studies designed to assess the health and nutritional status of adults and children in the United States Combines interviews and physical examinations. Looks at nutritional, clinical, biochemical parameters Dietary intake component: WWEIA NHANES III increased the number of participants in the elderly age group
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
Acceptable range of quantities of vitamins and minerals for each gender and age group Primary use: plan menus for healthy people
Which of the following statements best describes the similarities between the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) and the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)? a. Both programs are regulated by the USDA, provide referrals to health care and other social services providers, and are entitlement programs. b. Both programs are regulated by the USDA, contain income eligibility guidelines, and are entitlement programs. c. Both programs are regulated by the USDA, contain income eligibility guidelines, are entitlement programs, and recipients must have a documented medical or nutritional risk. d. Both programs are regulated by the USDA and contain income eligibility guidelines.
Both programs are regulated by the USDA and contain income eligibility guidelines (both have at risk criteria and have income criteria) *WIC is not an entitlement program, and SNAP eligibility isn't based on nutritional risk; instead eligibility is based on family income.
A program that provides, workers with confidential and free short-term counseling and referrals for advice or treatment for problems such as alcohol or drug abuse, emotional difficulties, and marital, family, or financial difficulties is called _____. Progressive disciplinary program (PDP) Employee supportive program (ESP) Employee assistance program (EAP) Employee benefit program (EBP)
Employee assistance program (EAP) EAPs are provided by human resources departments in many organizations to take a more proactive approach in helping employees experiencing difficulties.
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
Estimated amount of a nutrient per day at which the needs of 50% of the population will be met. Used when you are estimating the prevalence of inadequate intake levels of vitamins in a specific group of the population
What is the ETHNIC model of culturally competent care?
Explanation (how do you explain your illness) Treatment (what treatment have you tried) Healers (have you sought any advice from folk healers) Negotiate (mutually acceptable options) Intervention (agree on an intervention) Collaboration (with patient, family, and healers)
The largest hunger-relief organization in the United States is UNICEF. Feeding America. Meals on Wheels Association of America. The Hunger Project.
Feeding America is the largest domestic hunger-relief organization in the United States and serves the greatest number of food insecure individuals in the United States. UNICEF and the Hunger Project are international organizations.
What are patient-centered medical homes (PCMH)?
Focuses on the relationship between the patient and their personal physician. Physician takes responsibility for all aspects of health care for the patient and coordinates and communicates with other providers as needed One of the biggest advantages of a PCMH is access to care—the team of providers changes as the health care needs differ.
What are the five key recommendations in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?
Follow a healthy eating pattern across the lifespan Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduce sodium intake Shift to healthier food and beverage choices Support healthy eating patterns for all
Headstart
For low income children age 3-5, introduces new foods and good food habits, children participate in activities Nutrition activities related to food should be most encouraged
Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC)
Funded by FAO and the WHO Develops international standards and codes to protect consumers. Standard for labeling of prepackaged foods. US is not required to abide by Codex standards.
Which of the following foods is considered a whole grain and meets the NSLP standards for whole grain? Pearled barley Graham flour Hominy Semolina
Graham flour All these items except for the graham flour have been milled so that either the germ or the germ and the bran have been removed.
Halal dietary laws
Haram (prohibited foods): pork, alcohol, gelatin, congealed salads discourages overeating
The World Health Organization growth charts for children younger than age 2 are based on data from which of the following populations? Infants who were primarily breastfed until 4 months of age. Infants who were primarily breastfed until 6 months of age. Infants who were formula fed due to free formula distribution Infants who were primarily breastfed until 2 months of age.
Infants who were primarily breastfed until 4 months of age. The WHO growth curves are expected offer a single international standard that represents optimal physiological growth for all children from birth to 5 years of age and to establish the breastfed infant as the normative model for growth and development. The growth curves are based on data measured in infants who were primarily breastfed until age 4 months
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using reflective listening? It conveys empathy It slows down the process of client visits It encourages "change talk" It is useful when you want to ask a client to begin taking action
It is useful when you want to ask a client to begin taking action
What are the eligibility requirements for SNAP?
Live in the state where applying Have a net income at or below the poverty level Must work >20 hours per week for 3 months Allotments are based on income, household size, assets, housing costs, work requirements, and other factors. There are different rules for households with elderly or disabled individuals. Allowance is based on USDA Thrifty Food Program
How does the USDA's Economic Research Service define low food security and very low food security?
Low food security = without hunger -Individual reports of reduced quality, variety, or desirability of diet. -Little or no indication of reduced food intake. Very low food security = with hunger -individual reports of multiple indications of disrupted eating patterns and reduced food intake.
Chin has written the following objective for her community nutrition program: "Women who are at least 60 years of age will perform at least 30 minutes of weight-bearing exercise three or more times per week." Which of the required components is missing from Chin's objective? Target population Time frame Action Measure of success
Measure of success What it is (action), who it is (target), when and time frame are all components of the objective, but the measure of outcome is missing.
What three conditions are frequently seen in American children?
Obesity Dental caries Anemia
The Standards of Professional _____ for dietetics professionals describes in general terms a competent level of behavior in the professional role. Practice Performance Preparation Proficiency
Performance
What are the steps in CDCenergy?
Phase 1: Describe problem Phase 2: Analyze problem Phase 3: Plan intervention Phase 4: Develop intervention Phase 5: Plan evaluation Phase 6: Implement plan Note: -Available online, Interactive training & decision-support tool -Helps staff of CDC plan communication programs -Unique public health model used to analyze and describe epidemiology
Cultural competence has been described as a set of congruent attitudes, behaviors, and _____. policies models values interventions
Policies These "policies" come together through organizations and institutions implementing systems to apply cultural competence into practice.
Primary vs. Secondary vs Tertiary Preventions
Primary Prevention - trying to prevent yourself from getting a disease. Secondary Prevention - trying to detect a disease early and prevent it from getting worse. Tertiary Prevention - trying to improve your quality of life and reduce the symptoms of a disease you already have.
Which model of cultural competence identifies the primary and secondary features of culture. Purnell Campinha-Bacote Leiningers Sunrise Campinha
Purnell The Purnell and Campinha-Bacote cultural competency models are the two most popular frameworks used by health care professionals. The Purnell model comprises 12 domains and focuses on primary and secondary features of culture. The Leiningers Sunrise model emphasizes respect for a patient's culture but it doesn't give cultural competency context for health care professionals to use in practice.
What are S.M.A.R.T goals?
Specific: The goal clearly specifies what will be done ("How will I do this?") Measurable: The goal is measurable so you can track progress ("How much or how many?") Attainable: The goal realistically can be achieved ("Is this something I can do?") Relevant: The goal is pertinent to the end objective ("Is this something I want to do and can do?") Timebound: There is a set time frame for reaching goal ("How often or when will I do this?")
What is the community health planning model PATCH?
Stands for: Planned Approach To Community Health A process that many communities use to plan, conduct, and evaluate health promotion and disease prevention programs. Helps a community establish a health promotion team, collect and use local data, set health priorities, and design and evaluate interventions. Goal: to increase the capacity of communities to plan, implement, and evaluate comprehensive, community-based health promotion programs targeted toward priority health problems
TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families)
States determine the eligibility of needy families and the benefits and services those families will receive
What reading level is appropriate for written materials for a population with low literacy skills? a. 4th grade b. 6th grade c. 8th grade d. 9th grade
b. 6th grade
Which of the following social or economic trends is thought to have the most important consequences for future community nutrition practice? a. The segment of the US population growing most rapidly is children aged 12 years and younger b. Different generations in the United States having similar values and attitudes about health c. The deteriorating global environmental indicators such as climate change, degradation of topsoil, and increased use of many chemical pollutants d. The food purchasing practices and preferences in the United States that indicate a desire for an extensive variety of "value-added," pre-prepared foods
The deteriorating global environmental indicators such as climate change, degradation of topsoil, and increased use of many chemical pollutants
What reading level is appropriate for educational material for the general population? a. 4th grade b. 5th grade c. 8th grade d. 10th grade
c. 8th grade
A weight inclusive vs. weight normative approach
The weight inclusive approach is based on the assumption that everyone is capable of achieving health and well-being independent of weight, so long as they have access to non-stigmatizing health care; views health and well-being as multifaceted and advocates for efforts toward improving health care access. The weight normative approach emphasizes weight and weight loss when defining health and well-being
Define the requirements for the Nutrition Standards in the National School Lunch and Breakfast Programs
Together, provide 1/2 of the RDA Both fruit and vegetables served at lunch daily Daily servings of fruit and vegetables increased Dark green, red/orange veg and beans/legumes served weekly Servings of bread and grains increased Whole grains used for all grain servings Only nonfat or 1% milk served Targets for kilocalories, sodium, and fat content of meals established (provides a portion of recommended intakes for protein, vitamin A, C, Iron, and calcium)
SFMNP Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program
USDA GRANTS TO STATE TO PROVIDE LOW INCOME SENIORS WITH COUPONS TO BE EXCHANGED FOR ELIGIBLE FOODS AT FARMER'S MARKETS, ROADSIDE STANDS, COMMUNITY SUPPORTED AGRICULTURE PROGRAMS (CSA) NOT STORES FRESH, NUTRITIOUS, unprepared fruits, veggies, herbs and honey May be limited to specific LOCALLY GROWN FOODS Nutrition education and info is provided (how to select, store, prepare)
NETP (Nutrition Education Training Program)
USDA The program provides nutrition education training to teachers and food service personnel.
SFSP (Summer Food Service Program)
USDA School Lunch ENTITLEMENT PROGRAM, purpose is to initiate, maintain or expand foodservice programs to children when schools is not in session Objective is to provide meals or snacks to children at participating institutions in poor areas Administered by FNS, state educational agencies, public or private nonprofit residential summer camps
What are the categorical and residential eligibility requirements for the Special Supplemental Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)?
Women -Pregnant (during pregnancy and up to 6 weeks after the birth of an infant or the end of the pregnancy -Postpartum (up to six months after the birth of the infant or the end of the pregnancy) -Breastfeeding (up to the infant's first birthday) Infants (up to the infant's first birthday) Children (up to the child's fifth birthday)] At or below the poverty level set by the state they live in Must live in the state where they apply Additional income and nutritional risk criteria also must be met to be eligible for WIC services. Additional eligibility criteria regarding nutritional risk and income must also be met.
Buddhist Patients' Dietary Needs
Yin (dark, evil) and Yang (light, good) Energy -Yin foods: raw, cold fish, vegetables, and fruits -Yang foods: bright, hot soup from chicken -neutral: rice Vegetarianism Alcohol not prohibited
Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
a type of health insurance plan that usually limits coverage to care from doctors who work for or contract with the HMO generally won't cover out-of-network care except in the case of emergency May require you to live or work in its service area to be eligible for coverage often provide integrated care and focus on prevention and wellness, with the main goal of preventing people from being admitted to the hospital
Which of the following is NOT true about meaningful use standards used in health information technology? a. Meaningful use expands institutional access to health records b. It is a way to improve care coordination c. Meaningful use has been incentivized d. It is a way to improve quality of health care
a. Meaningful use expands institutional access to health records Meaningful use refers to use of electronic health record technology to improve quality, safety, and efficiency of health care; improve coordination of care; engage patients and family; and maintain the privacy and security of patient health information.
When evaluating print and audiovisual patient education material for understandability and "actionability," which of the following is the BEST tool? a. PEMAT (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool) b. REALM (Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine) c. SMOG d. Ask Me 3™
a. PEMAT (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool) PEMAT is the best tool for evaluating print and audiovisual patient education material for its understandability and "actionability." REALM evaluates health literacy SMOG is a measure of readability that estimates the number of years of education one needs to have attained to understand a piece of writing Ask Me 3™ is a patient education program designed to improve communication between patients and health care providers.
In developing a community nutrition intervention, a logic model: a. graphically shows how various elements of planning lead to intended outcomes. b. provides a detailed budget that addresses various types of costs of the project. c. is used primarily for planning rather than implementation or evaluation. d. illustrates the underlying educational philosophies used in the intervention.
a. graphically shows how various elements of planning lead to intended outcomes. The logic model is a graphic that shows inputs, outputs, and outcomes or impact. It is used in program planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Goals for a community nutrition program should be based on: a. the Dietary Guidelines for Americans b. the Nutrition Screening Initiative c. the Healthy People report d. the NHANES III report
a. the Dietary Guidelines for Americans
After defining the nutritional problem while conducting a community needs assessment, what is your next step? a. Identify community groups and their leaders. b. Determine the purpose of the needs assessment. c. Collect information on health and nutrition resources available in the community. d. Review available data such as Census records.
b. Determine the purpose of the needs assessment. After identifying the problem, the next step is setting the parameters of the assessment, which includes determining the purpose. The actions described in the other options would not be performed this early in the process.
Which of the following is the BEST example of an educational objective? a. Participant will understand components of a Mediterranean eating pattern b. Given a list of foods, participant will identify those highest in MUFA c. Participant will verbalize components of a Mediterranean eating plan d. Instructor will provide a list of foods high in MUFA
b. Given a list of foods, participant will identify those highest in MUFA Educational objectives specify the means to achieve an outcome, whereas educational goals do not specify how an outcome will be reached. That the student will learn something specific (foods high in MUFA) and how (by being given a list of foods) Because options A and C do not specify the means to achieve an outcome, they are educational goals. Furthermore, educational objectives focus on what participants will learn, not what an instructor will do, so option D is not correct.
Which of the following has been listed as an essential element in the provision of culturally competent community nutrition programming? a. Standardizing service delivery on the basis of an understanding of cultural diversity b. Having institutionalized cultural knowledge c. Minimizing the unplanned interactions of people from different cultures d. Having the capacity to avoid self-assessing the cultural diversity of others
b. Having institutionalized cultural knowledge Infusing cultural competence at every level includes providing competent community nutrition programs and involves having institutionalized cultural knowledge. Standardizing delivery of service, avoiding self-assessment, and minimizing interactions may be exclusive to some groups and do not contribute to being culturally competent. These are more likely to overlook some cultural differences that may exist in a diverse community population.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding Medicare Beneficiary Identifiers? a. They are designed to replace Social Security numbers to protect beneficiaries from fraudulent use of supplemental security income b. MBIs are mandatory c. MBIs are mandated by the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA) of 2015 d. MBIs use 11 characters, as opposed to the 9-digit health insurance claim number (HICN)
b. MBIs are mandatory To reduce the risk of beneficiary medical identity theft, MACRA mandated removal of HICNs, which are based on social security numbers, by 2019.
A nutrition surveillance program is designed primarily to: a. verify data from other surveys b. identify the nutritional needs of the population c. indicate the number of people at increased risk for medical conditions d. indicate the causes underlying the nutrition problems identified
b. identify the nutritional needs of the population
Which three foods have the largest environmental impact? Sugary drinks, beef, dairy Vegetables, bread, fruit Beef, dairy foods, pork Fish, seafood, dairy
beef, dairy foods, pork Meat has been identified as having the highest greenhouse emissions followed by dairy products, poultry, and fluid milk, respectively.
A manager oversees one or more RDNs providing care for patients with a variety of medical conditions. Which of the following should the manager use when determining work assignments? a. OSHA's Professional Expectations for Professional Patient Care b. Joint Commission Standards for Care of Chronic Patients c. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance for RDNs d. Patient Care Guidelines from the American Board of Examiners for Nutrition and Dietetics
c. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance for RDNs Consider the SOP and SOPP for RDNs when determining work assignments and expertise needed at the program level, and when assisting staff in evaluating competency and needs for additional knowledge and/or skills. Both important tools for staff to use to assess their own competencies and to use as the basis for identifying personal performance plans.
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding telehealth? a. For eligible telehealth services, the use of a telecommunications system substitutes an in-person encounter. b. The interactive audio and video telecommunications system must permit real-time communication between the provider and beneficiary. c. Asynchronous store and forward is specifically intended to allow the medical professional to retain a transcript of electronic messages sent by the patient. d. RDNs, nurse practitioners, and nurse midwives, are among providers who may provide telehealth services and receive payment
c. Asynchronous store and forward is specifically intended to allow the medical professional to retain a transcript of electronic messages sent by the patient. Store and forward technology permits providers to electronically transmit digital images and documents such as x-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, photos, and patient data to the patient and other members of the health care team. Note, however, that in 2018, this technology is only permitted in federal telemedicine demonstration programs in Hawaii and Alaska.
The following programs are recommended as primary interventions in school-based child and adolescent overweight prevention programs: a. Food environment changes, homework/reading/computer use changes, media influences, nutrition education b. Food environment changes, nutrition education, physical activity education c. Behavioral counseling, nutrition education, physical activity education, parental/family involvement d. None of the above
c. Behavioral counseling, nutrition education, physical activity education, parental/family involvement Research demonstrates that obesity prevention programs should include behavioral counseling.
Inquiring about cultural/religious food preferences and/or food avoidances can _____: a. help facilitate understanding about the patient's personality, leading to better patient satisfaction b. discourage cultural and religious sensitivity, leading to worse patient satisfaction c. improve accuracy of a diet order that is reflective of the patient's food preferences, leading to better patient satisfaction d. inhibit the RDN's ability to create a personalized menu using patient's food preferences, leading to worse patient satisfaction
c. improve accuracy of a diet order that is reflective of the patient's food preferences, leading to better patient satisfaction The RDN may be pressed for time when seeing various patients in the hospital setting. By addressing cultural/religious food preferences at the initial assessment, the RDN will avoid causing patient discomfort if they are served a food they cannot eat or do not like. This approach leads to better patient satisfaction during their stay.
What is the best way to determine the type of nutrition program that will attract baby boomers who use a city recreation center? a. Give a nutrition knowledge pre-test and post-test to baby boomers who use the facility. b. Determine what nutrition programs are successful with baby boomers in cities of similar size. c. Offer several screening programs and see which one draws the biggest crowd of baby boomers. d. Perform a needs assessment of baby boomers who use the facility.
d. Perform a needs assessment of baby boomers who use the facility. The best way to make an accurate and focused determination is to perform a needs assessment of the target population. Determining the target population's perceived needs and interests will increase the likelihood of participation and more closely align the needs with the developed program.
Which of the following statements is true with regard to NPI (national provider identifier)? a. A provider must register an NPI along with an employer identification number when billing Medicare b. NPI numbers change if an RDN moves from one state to another c. If an NPI isn't used within 12 months, it is automatically deactivated d. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics encourages all RDNs to obtain an NPI even if they don't believe they are going to use it
d. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics encourages all RDNs to obtain an NPI even if they don't believe they are going to use it The NPI is a unique, 10-digit number that identifies a health care provider the NPI is specific to an individual and doesn't change. An EIN number is separate from an NPI and is important if you are working in private practice. RDN who work in a private practice setting need these specific numbers to assist with "credentialing" or becoming a recognized health care provider of an insurance plan. The Academy encourages all members to obtain an NPI to ensure there are adequate numbers of RDNs who can provide service.
ACEND requires dietetics education programs to offer an emphasis area in order to _____. a. prepare each entry-level RDN for advanced practice b. prepare each entry-level RDN as a specialist c. ensure that each entry-level RDN has had the opportunity to experience cutting-edge practice d. prepare each entry-level RD to begin to develop the depth necessary for future proficiency in that area of dietetics practice
d. prepare each entry-level RD to begin to develop the depth necessary for future proficiency in that area of dietetics practice All supervised practice programs must offer at least 1 emphasis area to prepare for practice at the entry-level. The emphasis of the program reflects the unique environment of the program rather than a specialty or advanced-practice. Specialty or advanced practice take, on average, 3 years of intensive practice post-exam. Competencies for each emphasis are built on the core competencies and are designed to begin to develop the depth necessary for future proficiency in that area of dietetics practice. More experience in at least one area provides a model for learning throughout one's career.
Rosa wants to plan a community nutrition program to encourage children ages 11-15 to consume healthier afterschool snacks. She has reviewed the results of the community needs assessment, defined program goals and objectives, and developed a program plan. Next, she should: a. identify funding sources. b. define the management system. c. implement the program. d. seek support from the parents and schools of intended participants.
define the management system. Defining the management system comes next. Identifying funding systems, seeking support from parents and schools, and implementing the program come later.
_____ is when two or more professionals learn with and from, each other and learn about each other's professions with the goal to improve collaboration and quality of medical care. Multiprofessional education Interprofessional education Collaborative practice Multidisciplinary education
interprofessional education In interprofessional education, educators and learners from two or more health professions jointly create and foster a collaborative learning environment. These efforts are intended to develop knowledge, skills, and attitudes that enhance interprofessional team behaviors and competence. In multidisciplinary education and multiprofessional education, students can be taught together, but no interaction between professionals occurs.
According to AND's SOPP, when utilizing support personnel in the delivery of customer-centered care, state that the registered dietitian nutritionist is expected to utilize support personnel in accordance with: a. law, regulations, and organization policies. b. rules of ethical practice, Joint Commission standards, and effective outcomes. c. established practices, organizational needs, and rules of ethical practice. d. regulations, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics standards, and established directives.
law, regulations, and organization policies.
CSFP Commodity Supplemental Food Program
low-income persons at least 60 years of age supplementing their diets with nutritious USDA Foods states may require that participants be at nutritional risk
Roman Catholic Diet
meat is not consumed on Fridays during Lent
BRFSS (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System)
monitors changes in health risk behaviors over time and can be used to target those most at risk
Dietary restrictions of Mormons
no alcohol no tobacco no caffeine (tea, coffee)
Kosher Diet
no meat and dairy at same meal, no pork, no shellfish, no blood
PPFPs (Prepared and Perishable Food Programs)
nonprofit programs that link sources of unused, cooked and fresh foods with social service agencies that serve the hungry
Steps in implementation of a community based program
obtain administrative support, realistic budget, staff commitment, support of target population 1. educate (increase awareness, knowledge, options; cognitive learning) 2. enable (enable attention and acceptance, reduce barriers; Marketing) 3. skill development (competencies to make and sustain new habits; psychomotor learning)
No more than _________ of the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) weekly requirement for servings of fruit may be met by pasteurized full-strength, 100% fruit juice. one-quarter one-third one-half three-quarters
one-half NSLP standards specify that the requirement for fruit can be met with not more than 50% of the required servings from fruit juice.
Seventh Day Adventist Diet
ovo-lacto-vegetarian, no caffeine, no alcohol
USDA Commodity Food Donation/Distribution Program
provides foods to help: -meet nutritional needs of children and adults -strengthen agricultural market for products produced by farmers-food given to school lunch -feed elderly -supplemental programs
EFNEP (Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program)
provides grants to universities that assist in community development trains nutrition aides improves food practices of low income homemakers teaches skills needed to obtain a healthy diet (budget, planning, shopping, cooking) **Can teach a pregnant teen how to cook, can teach a teenage mother how to feed her 4 yr old **Refer SNAP patients who have no idea how to plan meals and budget
Prior to conducting a healthy eating class to local residents, assess their:
readiness to make life-style changes
One of the primary goals of WIC food supplements is a. increasing income for participating grocery stores. b. reducing or preventing iron deficiency anemia in infants and children. c. providing low-cost lunches to school-age children. d. increasing the number of women who get prenatal care.
reducing or preventing iron deficiency anemia in infants and children. The ultimate goal of WIC is to provide supplemental foods and nutrition education to low-income women, infants, and children up to age 5. Preventing iron deficiency anemia is specifically supported in the foods supplements by providing access to nutrient-dense foods as well as access to iron-fortified formula for non-breastfed infants.
impact evaluation
the evaluation that focuses on immediate observable effects of a program
Adequate Intake (AI)
used when insufficient evidence exists for EAR, RDA
Subjective Global Assessment (SGA)
uses patient history, weight, and physical assessment data to evaluate nutritional status Ex. evaluate the presence of edema and wasting or dehydration