Reading 100 Exam Study Guide
Inferences are
Reasonable conclusions based on information in the text
Certain steps need to be followed in a specific order for the result to make sense, such as the steps in a recipe or stages of growth or development.
Sequence or process order
What are 4 types of specific order list patterns?
Chronological order, order of importance, sequence or process order, spatial (or place) order
Simplify a difficult concept be breaking down the complex idea into manageable parts or categories.
Division/Classification
What is implied main idea determined by?
Drawing a logical conclusion
What does "patterns of organization" refer to?
How an author organizes information in a writing ("skeleton")
Sometimes an author uses more than one pattern to express his or her points about the topic
Mixed patterns
Define "minor detail"
More specific points that support the major points (usually by providing examples of the major details)
What is an explicit main idea?
The main idea is directly stated in the text
Define "major detail"
The main points to support the overall point in the reading
How do you calculate how many words per minute you read?
Total words read / time it took = words per minute
Text marking is often referred to as what?
Underlining
What's the difference between surveying and previewing?
While you may survey a textbook chapter in its entirety, you preview only a section of the chapter at a time.
Underlining is-
A term used to express a reader's interaction with written information as part of an effective comprehension strategy
Annotating-
A text refers to transcribing the text marking into notes in the margin
What are the reasons that people forget?
1. New information wasn't organized 2. Information was not repeated enough 3. Problem with retrieving information
What are the steps to surveying?
1. Read the title and ask yourself: what is this reading about? 2. Ask yourself: what do I already know about this topic? (Jot down some main points.) 3. Predict what you think the reading will cover 4. Read headings and captions. Look at the diagrams or pictures. 5. Turn the title and headings into questions 6. Scan for words you don't know and circle them 7. Repeat step 3. What do you now think the reading will cover?
What are the steps to previewing?
1. Read title 2. Read first paragraph 3. Read first sentence of each middle paragraph 4. Read last paragraph (+ If there are headings, turn them into questions to guide your reading. If there are no headings, turn the topic of the section into a question to guide your reading.)
What are some ways to prevent forgetting?
1. Study more than you think you need to (overstudy) 2. Distribute learning over a long period of time 3. Review information regularly 4. Space your studying (take breaks)
What is a suffix?
A group of letters put after a root word which changes its meaning
What is a prefix?
A group of letters put before a root word which changes its meaning
Conclusion is
An overall judgement about a reading based on several reasonable inferences
Metacognition
Being aware of your own thoughts and monitoring your thinking.
When in doubt or if there seems to be two or more possible patterns in a section of the text, you should
Choose the predominant one
What is "reasonable?"
Evidence for the inference is clearly suggested by the text
Commonly used in concept-dense text, or writing with many complicated ideas.
Examples/Illustration or Clarification
Why should you use a pen to mark text?
It forces the reader to pay attention to the reading
What does KWL stand for and how do you apply each one to a reading?
Know (what do you know about the topic?), What (what do you want to learn?), Learned (what have you learned?)
What are the two types of supporting details?
Major and minor
________________ are the main points to support the overall point in the reading
Major details
Implied main idea can be made with three methods, name the formulas for all three:
Method 1: topic + existing sentence = implied main idea Method 2: sentence + sentence = implied main idea Method 3: general statement based on supporting details = implied main idea
What are the 3 major categories of organizational patterns?
Patterns that list, patterns that explain, and patterns that analyze
Which list does not have to be in a certain order to make sense?
Simple list
Main details are also called
Supporting details
When determining the structural pattern of a reading you should ask yourself
What is the author trying to do, list, explain, or analyze?
Finish the statement: It is not possible to underline points or mark the text in any way...
without paying attention to what you're doing
