RECA Rural Part1

RPR

A Real Property Report (RPR) is a legal document and survey of the property, generally taking the form of a plan or illustration of the property's boundaries and various physical features, including the surveyor's written statement of opinions or concerns.

wells - routine water analysis - bacteriological analysis

A bacteriological analysis determines the amount of coliform and faecal coliform bacteria in the water. These bacteria are present in animal and human waste.

Hog Production - farrowing barn

A barn housing sows is known as a farrowing barn.

boar

A boar is a male pig.

Wells - bored well

A bored well is constructed when low-yielding groundwater sources are found relatively close to the surface, usually at fewer than 30 metres. Bored wells allow groundwater at the water table to seep into a large bore made by an auger. The water is then collected by a pump. An advantage of bored wells is the large diameter of the casing (45-90 cm), which can provide a water storage reservoir for use during peak demand periods. A disadvantage of using a shallow groundwater aquifer is that it relies on annual precipitation for recharge. Bored wells are generally less productive than drilled wells, and water shortages may occur following long dry periods in summer and extended freeze-up during winter months. Bored wells are also more susceptible to surface-level contamination because they are shallow.

Broiler

A broiler is any chicken that is bred and raised specifically for meat production.[1] Most commercial broilers reach slaughter weight between four[2] and six weeks of age, although slower growing breeds reach slaughter weight at approximately 14 weeks of age. Typical broilers have white feathers and yellowish skin. Broiler or sometimes broiler-fryer is also used sometimes to refer specifically to younger chickens under 2.0 kilograms (4+1⁄2 lb), as compared with the larger roasters.

certificate of compliance

A certificate of compliance from the municipality establishes proof of compliance with municipal land use bylaws. It is indicated by a stamp on the RPR or a separate letter referencing the document. The cost of obtaining the certificate varies depending on the municipality. Note that the certificate does not validate the compliance of building use with bylaws, but only verifies that the location of buildings and improvements are compliant.

development permit

A development permit is a document issued under a land use bylaw, authorizing a development under the MGA. It is the official authorization of the proposed use of the property. Unless an exception applies, a development permit application is required, regardless of whether the use is permitted or discretionary. The application for a development permit must be accompanied by plans.

private sources of water - dugout

A dugout is a man-made hole dug out of the ground to allow the collection of natural rain and surface runoff water. Usually used for livestock watering or other needs requiring the storage of large quantities of water, a dugout is quite common in Alberta agriculture. As mentioned in the previous section, this would qualify as a diversion of drainage water and would require a permit before construction. In some locations where groundwater sources are poor in supply and quality, dugouts may be used exclusively or in combination with a well as a water source.

Agritourism

A form of tourism in which tourists stay in farms or agricultural villages, either to experience farm life, or as a base for exploring the countryside

Municipality

A general term for a city, town, village, summer village, county, municipal district, or special area.

gilt

A gilt is a young, unbred female pig.

buck

A male deer, antelope, sheep, goat, rabbit, hare, and sometimes the male of other animals such as the hamster, ferret and shad. (US) An uncastrated sheep, a ram.

A X is also known as a county

A municipal district is also known as a county

wells - routine water analysis - chemical analysis

A routine chemical analysis tests the water for 15 chemical parameters commonly found in well water. It measures hardness and iron concentrations, plus the presence of other chemicals such as chlorides, sulphates, nitrates and nitrites. Other chemicals can be tested, upon request.

Section

A section of land measures one mile by one mile and normally contains 640 acres.

Soil Profile

A soil profile is a vertical section of the soil through all its horizons, extending into the parent material.

soil zone

A soil zone is a geographic region where the soils evolved under similar climate conditions, vegetation, and other soil-forming factors.

sow

A sow is a female pig. A sow can give birth to two litters of piglets per year, comprising eight to 12 piglets per litter.

Steer

A steer is a male bovine who cannot reproduce. (He's been snipped.)

western grid - township

A township (Tp) is the largest land unit within the grid system. It measures 6 miles by 6 miles (36 square miles). Township lines are the horizontal lines running east and west at the base and top of each township. The range lines are the north and south vertical lines that border each township. Township lines occur every six miles, beginning at the U.S.-Canada border (the 49th parallel). They are numbered from 1 at the U.S.-Canada border up to 126 at the northern Alberta boundary. Township numbers 1 to 34 are in the South Alberta Land Registration District, while numbers 35 to 126 are in the North Alberta Land Registration District.

Villages

A village may be formed in an area where the majority of buildings are on parcels of land smaller than 1,850 square meters and there is a population of at least 300 people. A village may apply for town status when the population reaches 1,000; it does not lose its village status if the population declines below 300. The council of a village consists of three councillors, one of whom is the mayor, unless this number is increased to a higher odd number by local bylaw. The chief elected official for a village is the mayor.

What is A-Horizon soil A. The topsoil layer B. The geographic zone with the most productive soil C. Soil with the highest capability rating D. Soil with the finest texture

A. The topsoil layer A-horizon soil is the topsoil layer in a soil profile.

According to the Alberta Irrigation Districts Association, irrigated land can be as much as ? times more productive than non-irrigated or dryland and contributes as much as ? billion to Alberta's total GDP.

According to the Alberta Irrigation Districts Association, irrigated land can be as much as eight times more productive than non-irrigated or dryland and contributes as much as $5.4 billion to Alberta's total GDP. The existence of water use rights for irrigation within a district or directly by government license, therefore, adds an enormous value in productivity and monetary value to a land owner.

According to the Alberta government, agricultural irrigation accounts for almost ?% of all water allocated to the agricultural sector and over ?% of all water use in the province!

According to the Alberta government, agricultural irrigation accounts for almost 96% of all water allocated to the agricultural sector and over 60% of all water use in the province! In Alberta, there are 13 irrigation districts diverting over 3.5 billion cubic meters of water annually for this purpose, which does not include water rights obtained directly from the province outside the irrigation districts.

Land Development Process

Acquiring raw land Preliminary planning and engineering Land use and subdivision approval Consultation with experts Detailed planning Site preparation Installing below-grade utilities Installing shallow utilities Surface improvements Municipal lands within development Municipal assessments Fencing Taxes and carrying costs

Farm Debt Mediation Act

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) provides farm debt mediation services to insolvent farmers and their creditors under the Farm Debt Mediation Act. The Act sets out mediation and appeal procedures that promote resolving insolvency issues without resorting to court proceedings. Parties retain recourse to the Courts should matters not be resolved.

specialized municipalities

Alberta has six specialized municipalities that had a cumulative population of 178,598 and an average population of 35,720 in the 2011 Census.[4] Alberta's largest and smallest specialized municipalities are the Strathcona County and the Municipality of Jasper with populations of 92,490 and 4,051 respectively.[4]

Drinking water testing chemicals - Alkalinity

Alkalinity:No health risk. , limit: 30-500 mg/L, Not considered harmful.

Which of the following are true 1. the grass family can be found everywhere that plants grow. 2. Fully ripened seeds are relatively small with extremely low water content, and can be easily handled, stored, and transported. 3. Cereal grains provide more nutritional energy than any other type of crop.

All are true

Although only ?% of cultivated land in Alberta is irrigated, it accounts for nearly ?% of the total agricultural crop production, according to Agriculture and Irrigation in Alberta

Although only 6% of cultivated land in Alberta is irrigated, it accounts for nearly 19% of the total agricultural crop production, according to Agriculture and Irrigation in Alberta

Agroforestry

An agricultural approach of using the interactive benefits from combining trees and shrubs with crops and/or livestock.

easement vs encroachment

An easement grants a third party the right to enter another person's property for a specified purpose. Infringement on neighbouring properties is called encroachment. The owner of the encroaching property can propose an encroachment agreement with the other property owner to allow the infringement to remain. The encroachment agreement is registered as an easement against the title to both properties. Generally, the encroaching party agrees to pay any costs associated with the easement, and the property owner grants access to maintain or repair the encroaching item.

improvement district. There are eight improvement districts in Alberta:

An improvement district is a kind of rural municipality that can be incorporated. All of its functions are managed by the provincial government through Alberta Municipal Affairs, including levies and the collection of taxes. The Minister of Municipal Affairs has the power of council, but most of the power and responsibilities are delegated to the improvement district council, where a local council is in place. Improvement District No. 4 (Waterton): resident select their own representatives; Improvement District No. 9 (Banff): representatives are appointed by the Minister ofMunicipal Affairs; Improvement District No. 12 (Jasper); Improvement District No. 13 (Elk Island); Improvement No. 24 (Wood Buffalo); and Improvement District No. 25 (WillmoreWilderness): directly represented by the Ministerof Municipal Affairs. Kananaskis Improvement District is directly represented by the Minister of Environment and Parks (40 provincial parks, provincial wildland areas, provincial recreation areas, and natural areas in Kananaskis Country).

agreements pertaining to irrigation districts - Water Conveyance Agreements

An individual, group, partnership, trust, corporation, or government may enter into a water conveyance agreement with the district to use the irrigation works to divert water for a purpose other than irrigation, rural water use, or household purposes. It may also authorize the removal of drainage water, stormwater, or wastewater from an area. Water conveyance agreements are very important for (smaller) confined feeding operations (CFOs), for greenhouse operations, etc. Water conveyance agreements with irrigation districts have a limit of 20 acre-feet and can be sold to similar water users in the same district. If a water user like a CFO or greenhouse operation needs a water conveyance agreement for more than 20 acre-feet, it needs to find and buy a private water license from a private water license holder (not the irrigation district). These water licenses are with Alberta Environment directly. It is important that water conveyance agreements are included in a real estate purchase contract at the time of sale.

agreements pertaining to irrigation districts - Use of Irrigation Works Agreements

An individual, group, partnership, trust, corporation, or government may enter into an agreement to use irrigation works in a district for purposes other than the delivery or removal of water.

agreements pertaining to irrigation districts - Rural Water Use Agreements

An owner or lessee can enter into an agreement for the delivery of water for rural water use. The agreement must specify the maximum volume of water to be delivered per year, with the maximum not to exceed 25,000 cubic metres. "Rural water use" means the use of a maximum of 25,000 cubic metres of water (approximately 20 acre-feet) per year per user for any purpose other than household use and irrigation.

agreements pertaining to irrigation districts - Household Purpose Agreements

An owner or lessee of a parcel may apply for water use for household purposes. This is a terminable agreement and can be terminated by either party with a minimum of 60 days' notice of termination. These domestic water use agreements with the irrigation districts, sometimes also labelled "pond agreements," are important for the water supply of many country residential properties and farm yards located in irrigation districts. Most agreements provide one or three acre-feet of water—enough for household use, yard irrigation, and a few animals. If used year-round, a dugout or pond is required on the property to store water for the period outside the irrigation season (October-April).

agreements pertaining to irrigation districts - Terminable Agreements

An owner or lessee of a parcel may apply to enter into a terminable agreement, which is terminable at the option of either party on the giving of notice before March 1 in a calendar year. These terminable agreements are rarer now that the irrigation districts are more efficient in their water use. In the past, mostly land that was supplied with water from the spill ditches of the irrigation district would have terminable water rights. Similar to annual agreements, the irrigation district will not guarantee the water supply to parcels with terminable water rights.

agreements pertaining to irrigation districts - Annual Agreements

An owner or lessee of a parcel may apply to enter into an annual agreement, which expires at the end of the calendar year. The irrigation district will not guarantee the water supply of parcels that are irrigated via annual agreements. Water for annual agreements may or may not be available, varying per year.

corn heat units

Another set of heat units for measuring growth potential is called corn heat units. Corn varieties are all rated by the number of degree-days required to mature. Comparing the corn heat units (CHU) available in an area to those needed by each variety helps determine which type of corn is best suited to the area.

heating degree-days

Another use of the degree-day concept is heating degree-days, which measure the amount of heat required for buildings. Heating degree-days are calculated by subtracting the average daily temperature of an area from a base temperature of 18° C. This information helps estimate the energy needed to maintain a comfortable temperature within a building. Heating degree-days, or similar units with a different base temperature, can also be used to estimate livestock feed requirements.

private sources of water - trickle system

As a form of municipal water service, a municipal trickle system is common in counties surrounding major municipalities supplying rural residential subdivisions. This system is a low-pressure line stretched over far distances that provides a constant trickle of municipal water from a main pump house. A trickle system requires a holding cistern to trickle into, providing storage capacity for high use such as bathtubs, laundry, and flushing toilets. The cistern is connected to a pressure vessel which provides the home with standard residential pressure in the system.

western grid - Fractional Townships

As stated above, meridians converge as you move north. Adjustments are made by means of correction lines. However, the sections along the prime meridians are cut off in order to start the renumbering west of the line. This leaves partial sections of land. For example, a quarter section that is normally 160 acres might be 100 acres. These townships along the prime meridians are called fractional townships.

Your clients, the Kowalchuks, are a family of six looking to buy a rural property with a well. There is no current well report, and with three teenagers at home they are concerned about capacity. What should you do? Select all that apply. A. Use the size of the seller's family to help gauge whether the well is sufficient for them B. Make sure they understand that wells can fluctuate with the seasons C. Advise them to get professional advice on the well's ability to meet the family's usage needs. D. Ask if the seller has had any issues with the water supply. E. Document all your conversations with the Kowalchuks and the seller's agent about water supply.

B,C,D,E (not A) You should not simply use the size of the seller's family to gauge the supply, as different people's usage will be different, and you should never make any representations about water supply without doing a thorough investigation. You should inform them that wells can fluctuate, advise that they get professional help, and ask the seller about any issues. You should also document all the conversations.

2. Which tends to be more productive? A. Coarse textured soil B. Fine textured soil

B. Fine textured soil. These soils retain nutrients well and hold significant water content in a form available for plants.

Cereal Crops - Barley

Barley is hardy and easily grown; flourishes in a variety of soils and climates; and is tolerant of frost, drought, and high salinity in soil. The grain is relatively easy to handle, store, and transport. Moreover, it is exceptionally nutritional as it is both high in fibre and low in cholesterol. It may be used in the production of flatbreads, baby foods, gluten-free products, soups, and as a rice imitation. Barley malt may be used in food malts, syrups, candy and other flavourings. In addition, it is used as animal feed, and in the production of beer.

How does the legal description of a condominium differ from that of other subdivided land?

Because it refers to a condominium plan rather than a subdivision plan, there is no block number, and there is reference to a unit number rather than a lot number. For example, Condominium Plan # 9320999, Unit 15.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Boron

Boron: Health Limited 5.0 mg/L, Aesthetic Limit: None. Adverse health effects with long term exposure.

The Province of Alberta is divided into five major soil zones: (colours)

Brown, Dark Brown, Black, Dark Gray, and Gray.

Building permits

Building permits, rather than development permits, are required for certain improvements, including: Building fences, Altering building interiors, Constructing garages in residential districts, or Constructing a residential dwelling in districts where they are a permitted (rather than discretionary) use. While some exceptions exist, almost all construction requires a building permit. Property owners should check with the municipality before beginning any project.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Calcium

Calcium:No health risk.See hardness.Contributes to water hardness.

Canada Land Inventory (CLI)

Canada Land Inventory (CLI) developed the latest system in cooperation with the Canada Department of Agriculture, provincial governments, and agricultural colleges. The CLI program was undertaken as a cooperative federal-provincial program administered under the Agricultural and Rural Development Act (June 1961), commonly referred to as ARDA.

Several Acts that impact rural land use fall under the responsibility of Environment Canada: (x4)

Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA). Canadian Environmental Assessment Act (CEAA). Species At Risk Act. Migratory Birds Convention Act.

Which oilseed crops are commonly grown in Alberta ?(x2)

Canola and Flax

Oilseed Crops - Canola

Canola's bright yellow flowers are recognizable to most Canadians. The name "Canola" was registered in Canada in 1970 and is derived from combining "Can," as in Canada, and "ola," as in oil. It is a genetic variation of rapeseed produced expressly for its nutritional qualities—in particular, its low level of saturated fat. Initially, the crop was used in the production of oil for lubricants. However, its importance increased with the development of a canola varietal suitable for both human consumption and use in livestock feed. Canola oil is used in margarine, shortening, and salad oil. Both canola and rapeseed oil are also used in the production of inedible products, including industrial lubricants, fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, cosmetics, suntan oil, and others.

Which soil has the best quality for crop production? A. Capability class 0 B. Capability class 1 C. Capability class 7

Capability class 1 Class 7 has the poorest quality and is considered non-arable. Class 0 refers to organic soil and is not one of the capability classes.

Metes and Bounds

Certain lands that are irregular in shape or that follow irregular topography may not fit into the standard survey method. They are instead described by measurement, bearings, and boundaries (metes and bounds) from a known survey boundary. The Land Titles Office must approve such descriptions.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Chloride

Chloride:No health risk. Aesthetic Limit:250 mg/L, Essential to health, but gives water a bad taste.

The soil capability classification - Class 4

Class 4 is marginal for sustained arable culture. Soils in this class have severe limitations that restrict the range of crops or require special conservation practices or both.

The soil capability classification - Class 5

Class 5 is only capable of use for permanent pasture. Soils in this class have very severe limitations that restrict their capability for producing perennial forage crops, and improvement practices are feasible.

The soil capability classification - Class 6

Class 6 land is marginal for pasture. Soils in this class are capable only of producing perennial forage crops, and improvement practices are not feasible.

The soil capability classification - Class 7

Class 7 is considered non-arable. Soils in this class have no capability for arable culture or permanent pasture.

soil separate - Clay

Clay is the smallest soil separate and the most important one, affecting the soil's physical and chemical properties. While sand and silt are simply rock that has weathered into smaller pieces, clay is composed mainly of new minerals that form as a result of chemical reactions in the soil. Many clay minerals form in flat rectangular sheets, resulting in a relatively large surface area per soil volume. The surfaces of clay particles are chemically active, attracting both water molecules and plant nutrients. This makes clay the primary soil nutrient storehouse for plant growth.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Conductivity (EC):

Conductivity (EC):No health risk.None.Indicates levels of dissolved salts and minerals.

To determine who owns mineral rights, you can perform a land title search by:

Contacting an Alberta Registry Agent. Searching the Alberta Land Titles Spatial Information System. Searching the Electronic Transfer System (ETS). Viewing the list of leaseholders on the Sales Results Map.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Copper

Copper:No health risk.Aesthetic Limit:1.0 mg/L = 1 grain/gal hardness 0 - 199 mg/L = Good 200 - 499 mg/L = Hard 500 mg/L + = Very hard

Soil - capability subclass - D

D: Undesirable soil structure and/or low Permeability This indicates soils that are difficult to till, that absorb water slowly, or where the depth of the rooting zone is restricted by conditions other than a high water table or consolidated bedrock.

Is an old RPR still okay?

Depending on the terms of the purchase contract, it may be acceptable if the owner has an older but current RPR. For example, if the purchase contract indicates the seller must provide a RPR showing the current state of the improvements on the property and the existing RPR is still current to the property, then the RPR is likely sufficient.

Wells - Drilled wells

Drilled wells are smaller in diameter than bored wells (10-20 cm) and go much deeper, up to several hundred metres. Drilled wells tap an aquifer that provides clean, potable water filtered naturally and drawn up using a submersible pump at the bottom of the well. An advantage of drilled wells is that the water supply is less affected by seasonal weather patterns, making it a more reliable water source. Deep aquifers are also less susceptible to contamination, but are a common source system—which means that what is done in your well that affects an aquifer can have an effect on neighbouring wells, too.

The three major specialty crops typically grown in western Canada are:

Dry peas Lentils Canary seed (for use in bird feed mixtures).

Soil - capability subclass - E

E: Erosion This includes soils in which damage from erosion limits agricultural use. Damage is assessed on the loss of productivity and on the difficulties in farming land with gullies.

land use bylaw

Each municipality is also required to pass a land use bylaw, which develops the policies of the municipal development plan in more detail for different areas within the municipality. The land use bylaw is the planning mechanism that real estate licensees most frequently deal with in their daily work.

western grid - legal subdivisions (LSD)

Each section also contains 16 legal subdivisions (LSDs), four within each quarter section. Each legal subdivision comprises an area of approximately 40 acres or 16 hectares. The numbering of legal subdivisions in a section follows the same pattern as sections in a township, running from the southeast corner to the northeast corner.

Land Use Bylaw

Every municipality must pass a land use bylaw that sets out, in detail, the uses and developments allowed on each parcel of land within the municipality.

Soil - capability subclass - F

F: Low Fertility This indicates soils of low fertility that are capable of being corrected with careful management and soils that are difficult to correct by any practical means. The limitations may be due to a lack of plant nutrients, high acidity or alkalinity, low exchange capacity, high levels of carbonates, or the presence of toxic compounds.

True or False - A soil is usually composed of only one separate (Sand, silt or clay).

False - A soil is rarely composed of only one separate; all three separates are usually present. The percentages of sand, silt, and clay determine the texture of the soil. Soil texture is often referred to as the feel of the soil. Determining the percentage of sand, silt, and clay in a soil sample is known as particle size analysis. Precise measurements can be performed in the laboratory; however, the cost of the analysis and the delay in obtaining results is sometimes a problem, especially when decisions have to be made during a field inspection.

True or false - Electric power is not available to many rural locations, but it is not too expensive to install.

False - Although electric power is available almost everywhere, it is usually the most expensive utility to install. Installation charges are per meter, and a site cost depends on the installation distance. In some cases, the cost of installation may have been amortized over a period of time. It is critical to check if any contracts for amortized payments are outstanding, and determine if the seller will settle them before possession, or if the buyer will assume the remainder of the payments. Timing is also a critical issue. If a new electrical installation is required, be sure to contact the utility company well in advance to allow enough time for installation.

True or False - In Canada the sale of beef occurs by the regulation of a market board.

False - In Canada the sale of beef does not occur by the regulation of a marketing board as is the case with other types of livestock. Producers can choose the method of production and sale that is best suited to their individual needs. Many producers choose to sell directly to meat packing plants. However, a cattle farmer may choose to sell calves or feeder cattle to finishing operations, either by auction or by direct sale.

True or false - The RPR must bear either the surveyor's original signature or permit stamp to be valid.

False - They must bear the surveyor's original signature AND permit stamp to be valid.

True or False - Sherwood Park is a city

False. It is a hamlet. A hamlet is a small community within a municipal district. A hamlet can be formed if the area has five or more dwellings, boundaries, a name, and contains land that is non-residential (for example, a gas station). A hamlet is governed by the municipal district or county where it is located, therefore it does not have its own elected council. The largest hamlet in Alberta is Sherwood Park. It is located in the specialized municipality of Strathcona County and has a population over 70,000.

Mr. Lee (he/him) owns a farm with a natural pond. Since the pond is entirely on his land, Mr. Lee may drain, develop, or divert it however he wants. True or false?

False. Water in Alberta is owned by all Albertans, not individual property owners. Mr. Lee requires licenses to drain, develop, or divert it.

True or false? Irrigation rights don't need to be on a purchase contract, because they automatically go with the land.

False. Whether the rights are in an irrigation district, outside a district, or a Traditional Agriculture registration, they should be included in the purchase contract if they are part of the sale. While these rights typically go with the land, sometimes they may be sold separately.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Fluoride

Fluoride: Health Limit:1.5 mg/L, None. Long term exposure above 1.5 mg/L may cause mottling of tooth enamel. Consult your dentist or physician for more information.

Which soil zones are most productive for agricultural purposes?

For agricultural purposes, the Black and Dark Gray zones are the most productive. Brown soils are found in the southeast part of the province. These give way to dark brown, black, and dark gray soils in a northwesterly direction across the province. Gray zones are found in the upper and lower foothills. Black soil zones lie in a narrow, north-south belt from Edmonton to Calgary and along the foothills to the Montana border. These soils constitute a small part of all soils in Alberta. However, because of favourable moisture conditions and high organic matter, they account for one third of the land used for agriculture. Dark gray zones lie north and west of the black soil zone and are also present in the Peace River block. A cool climate results in a limited growing season for annual crops. These soils make up approximately 10% of the province's total soils but comprise a larger percentage of agricultural land.

Oilseed Crops - Flaxseed

For over 5,000 years, flaxseed has been an important crop for sustaining human health due to its ability to treat the fatty degeneration associated with cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and many other diseases. Flax crops thrive in growing conditions similar to those optimal for wheat and barley. Most flax crops cultivated on farms are annual plants.

Forage Crops

Forage crops are raised for livestock feed. Most forage species are either grass or legumes, and pastures commonly have both. Forages may include baled hay, silage, alfalfa pellets, and crops that are harvested before maturity.

Forage production

Forage production aids in soil management, provides a rotation option, helps prevent soil erosion, and increases the nutrient levels in the soil. A forage crop can: Provide winter feed through baling and storing. Provide year-round stands that help prevent wind and water erosion. Disrupt pest cycles of weeds, insects, and disease when used in rotation with other crops. Enrich the soil through the deep root system, helping to hold the soil together with the addition of organic matter.

Traditional Agriculture User Registration

From January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2001, the Water Act allowed those who used water for agriculture before 1999 to register their water use and receive a priority number dating back to the time of first use. Those who owned or occupied land that adjoined a natural water body or with groundwater were allowed to divert up to 6,250 cubic metres (approximately five acre-feet) of water per year for raising animals or applying pesticides to crops, without formal authorization. Registrations for traditional agriculture use have no expiry date.

aquifers

Groundwater is underground water filling spaces in soil and rock layers called aquifers.

antler velvet

Homeopathic products made from antler velvet are thought to preserve strength, energy, and general good health, and can be taken as capsules or brewed in teas.

Soil - capability subclass - I

I: Inundation of streams or lakes This includes soils subjected to inundation causing crop damage or restricting agricultural use.

Water allocations and transfers

If a Traditional Agriculture User Registration was registered between 1999 and 2001, this is a water right that is attached to the land specified in the registration and will pass with the land if the land is sold to a new owner. The Water Act requires that the Designated Director under the Water Act (Director) be notified in writing of a disposition such as a sale or purchase of land for which a registration is attached. Licensees should include the Traditional Agriculture User Registration in rural purchase or sale contracts, if there is such a registration on the land. https://www.alberta.ca/water-allocations-and-transfers.aspx

More information on BMP manuals

In Alberta, several BMP manuals provide environmentally sound, economically feasible management options that comply with existing regulations. The manuals are the product of cooperative efforts between industry organizations, government, and interested stakeholders. They outline a range of practical and effective management practices designed to protect and enhance the environment for all sizes of operations. The information in the manuals is based on years of experience and the best available research data. Copies of the BMP manuals are available by calling the Publications Office, Alberta Agriculture and Food at (780) 427-0391 or 1-800-292-5697 (toll-free in Canada) or on the website at https://www.alberta.ca/agriculture-and-irrigation.aspx

Agricultural Operation Practices Act (AOPA)

In January 2002, the Natural Resources Conservation Board (NRCB) assumed responsibility for compliance monitoring, enforcing province-wide standards, and approving applications for new and expanding confined feeding operations. The amendments enhance the province's ability to deal with nuisances such as odour, noise, dust, smoke or other disturbances resulting from an agricultural operation.

Types of Agricultural Property (x4)

In general, the following terms are applied to the differing agricultural uses of land: Farmland. Ranches. Livestock Operations. Specialty Operations.

Settlement Plans

In northern Alberta, there are some old settlement plans in areas around St. Albert, Fort McMurray, and Edmonton. These plans were created around 1900 to accommodate local settlements. They comprise comparatively small areas of no fixed pattern but very often the parcels are long and narrow river lots, fronting a river or lake.

micro-generation

In some areas of the province, depending on how remote they are, installing power may be cost-prohibitive. In these instances, or when a property owner is looking for a more environmentally friendly solution, they can install wind or solar with a generator backup operating on a fossil fuel source to provide a stable power supply. This is called micro-generation.

private sources of water - municipal water

In some rural settings where the property is close to a municipality, the dwelling may have municipal water service.

recreational land

In the context of rural real estate, any land purchased for country weekend or vacation retreats—whether as a place to hike, ride, or entertain—is known as recreational land.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Iron

Iron:No health risk. Aesthetic Limit:0.3 mg/L, Water with high iron may have a poor taste and cause staining of plumbing.

Where is well water tested for either chemical analysis or bacteriological analysis

Labs provide a written copy of the results of the test with interpretation guidelines. Water can be tested by a variety of laboratories, depending on the requirements: A bacteriological analysis can be performed by the local health unit for the individual well owner; A bacteriological analysis or a chemical analysis can be performed by a laboratory.

land use plans

Land Development - After the developer has decided on the appropriate design elements for the site, they draw up land use plans. Land use plans are descriptions of the site, with in-depth details of the overall development plan for the site. Gaining approval for land use plans may involve the developer participating in months (or years) of meetings with municipal departments and various committees, discussing and implementing numerous plan modifications.

Standard format is used when giving the legal description of a piece of land

Legal Subdivision or Quarter Section or Half Section - Section - Township - Range - Meridian. This is an example of the legal description for the southeast quarter of section 17, township 42, range 1, west of the 5th meridian: SE 1/4 - 17 - 42 - 1- W5

private sources of water - water cooperatives

Less common, a water cooperative is an arrangement between a number of landowners to invest in a high production well and reservoir, owned cooperatively amongst those owners.

Irrigation Systems Used in Agricultural Operations - Localized Irrigation and Drip Irrigation

Localized irrigation is a system in which low-pressure pipes or hoses deliver specific amounts of water to individual plants. Similar to localized irrigation, drip irrigation delivers small amounts of water over a long period of time to the base or roots of individual plants, to prevent run-off and minimize evaporation.

Soil - capability subclass - M

M: Moisture Limitations This consists of soils where crops are adversely affected by drought because of inherent soil characteristics, such as low water-holding capacity.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Magnesium

Magnesium:No health risk.See hardness.Contributes to water hardness.

Like all insurance policies, title insurance contains certain exclusions. Buyers must be aware of these exclusions and discuss the specifics of their policies with the insurance provider. Two common exclusions are losses and damages resulting from:

Mandatory removal of a boundary wall or fence. Improvements that buyers make to the property.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Manganese

Manganese:No health risk.Aesthetic Limit:0.05 mg/L, Water with high manganese may have a poor taste and cause staining of plumbing.

Egg producers are either: (x2)

Market egg producers, meaning that they produce eggs for retail sale, or Hatcher egg producers, meaning that they produce eggs for resale to hatcheries that sell day-old chicks for market egg or broiler production.

Unsubdivided lands are described by geographical references along the western grid. They are listed here from the largest to the smallest designation:

Meridian. Range. Township. Section. Quarter section. Legal subdivision.

Meridian

Meridians are lines of longitude that run north and south on a map or globe.

western grid - Meridians

Meridians are lines of longitude which run from north to south. These lines form the basis of our land numbering system. The first meridian, also called the prime meridian, passes through Manitoba along the 98th degree of longitude, with each successive meridian occurring four degrees to the west. Three meridians divide Alberta: the 4th, 5th, and 6th. The 4th meridian forms the border between Alberta and Saskatchewan, the 5th runs through Stony Plain and Calgary, and the 6th runs through Debolt and Jasper. Land is described as being "West of ... " a particular meridian. So, if the description is "west of the 4th meridian," we know that it lies somewhere in the eastern portion of the province.

There are three rural municipality types in Alberta:

Municipal districts, Improvement districts, and Special areas.

Métis Settlements

Métis settlements are incorporated under the Métis Settlements Act. There are eight Métis settlements in Alberta, covering an area of approximately 1.25million acres. About 5,000 Métis reside in these settlements. These are the only Métis settlements in Canada recognized as a local form of government within a designated boundary

Soil - capability subclass - N

N: Salinity This includes soils that possess excessive soluble salts that adversely affect crop growth or restrict the range of crops that may be grown.

2 most common sources of heating in Alberta

Natural gas and propane are the two most common heating sources, but oil, wood, solar, heat pump, and coal offer alternative heating sources.

private sources of water - springs

Natural springs are somewhat common in Alberta. Also referred to as an artesian spring or artesian well, this is a natural pressurized water source which bubbles up under pressure to the surface. Sometimes springs are contained in a bored well type of enclosure or allowed to run off as a stream.

Drinking water testing chemicals - Nitrate/Nitrite

Nitrate/Nitrite-N: Health Limit:10 mg/L, None., Adverse health effects such as blue baby syndrome. Consult a physician for more information.

There are five soil horizons:

O horizon, A horizon, E horizon, B horizon, C horizon O horizon - The organic layer of undecayed organic material, not useable by plants in soil. A horizon - The uppermost layer (topsoil). E horizon - Is a subsurface horizon that has been heavily leached. This horizon typically displays as light in colour and is generally found beneath the O-horizon. B horizon - The second layer. The A and B horizons provide the rooting for most annual crops. C horizon - The parent material layer. The B and C horizons make up the subsoil. Note - R-Horizon is The bedrock layer, not soil.

Cereal Crops - Oats

Oats grow well in conditions that would be too cool and wet for other cereal grains and are typically consumed as oatmeal (rolled oats), oat starch, and in cookies. Oats and oat bran are popular health food products since they help to lower cholesterol. They also make an excellent feed for livestock as they have high levels of protein and essential minerals. They may also be used in the cosmetic, paper, and brewing industries, as well as in the production of plastics, pesticides, and preservatives.

Oilseed Crops

Oilseeds are plants whose seeds have exceptionally high oil content and can be used to produce oils and fats for human or livestock consumption, or in industrial applications. In economic terms, the most significant oilseed crops are canola, flaxseed, soybeans, mustard seed, safflower, and sunflower seed.

plan, block, and lot number

Once land is subdivided, the legal description by meridian, range, township, section, and quarter-section is changed to a new legal description. The designations assigned to these lands, going from the largest to the smallest are plan, block, and lot number (e.g., "Plan 7710634, Block 1, Lot 19"). Plan numbers are seven digits, the first two designating the year of registration (1977 in the example above) and the third digit indicating the Land Titles Office. The office located in Calgary is number 1; in Edmonton, it is number 2. The remaining digits indicate the order in which plans are registered in that calendar year. Thus, plan number 9620001 would be the first plan registered in Edmonton in 1996. This seven-digit system was introduced in 1973. Plan numbers for properties registered prior to 1973 usually consist of four digits followed by two letters (e.g., 3721 J.K.).

Special districts are a catchall for areas that do not fall within one of the other general categories, including: (x6)

Open space districts, Public parks, School districts, Recreation districts, Urban reserve districts, and Direct control districts.

The soil capability classification - Class 0

Organic soils (not placed in capability classes).

private irrigation licenses

Outside an irrigation district, the owner may apply directly with Alberta Environment for a license to draw water to a certain volume annually from a nearby river or stream. For approval, the landowner will need to demonstrate how they will draw the water without damage to the bed and shore, environment, wildlife, or use and enjoyment of the water body by fellow Albertans. Additionally, the water source must be able to sustain the water license use in relation to other licenses issued upon the same water source.

Water for the watering of livestock

Outside of Traditional Agriculture Users, the government of Alberta requires a license be obtained to divert water for the watering of livestock. If approved, this license gives rights to the holder for a period of time, usually 10 years, after which time the holder would need to re-apply. Generally, the water rights run with the land; however, it is possible to detach the rights from the land and transfer them to another holder.

Soil - capability subclass - P

P: Stoniness This includes soils sufficiently stony to hinder tillage, planting, and harvesting operations.

Drinking water testing chemicals - PH

PH: No health risk.

The agriculture industry can be a source of air contaminants, such as: (x4)

Particles of soil and plant matter released during harvesting, tillage and seed cleaning. Methane produced by livestock and released from manure. Drift from improperly applied pesticides. Fumes emitted by machinery.

Pigs vs hogs vs swine

Pigs are those animals weighing less than 54 kg. Hogs weigh between 54 and 100 kg. Swine is a generic term that refers to all types of pig.

The three types of title insurance policies are:

Plain language (protects the owner of residential property). Loan policy (protects the lender). Owners policy (protects the owner of commercial property).

what helps to maintain and improve the quality of the soil?

Practices such as direct seeding and zero tillage, proper fertilizer management, proper manure management, and precision farming help to maintain and improve the quality of the soil.

Compensation for surface leases

Property owners are compensated for the use of their land under the Surface Rights Act. Base compensation is an entry fee of $500 per acre up to a maximum of $5,000. For less than an acre, the fee is $250. Factors contributing to additional compensation are: The value of the land. Nuisance, inconvenience, and noise. Loss of land use. Adverse effects. Typically, the operator will make a one-time payment to the property owner for a pipeline right-of-way. With a surface lease, operators generally make annual payments until the lease is terminated. Under the Surface Rights Act, after the first year, the compensation is based on loss of land use and adverse effects. The Act also requires the compensation to be reviewed every five years. The operator must continue to make payments until the lease is terminated and a reclamation certificate is issued. As compensation is negotiable, if the operator and the landowner cannot agree on an amount, the property owner can appeal to the Land and Property Rights Tribunal for assistance. The Land and Property Rights Tribunal will hold a hearing to determine compensation by considering recent land sales, recent crop sales, and other Tribunal decisions in the area.

Dairy Production - There are three main types of dairy production.

Purebred Breeders: Breeders propagate and raise registered stock to replace aging or non-productive animals. Advanced breeding programs incorporate embryo transfer and artificial insemination to improve milk production and conformation to breed standards for body type. Fluid Milk Producers: Milk producers normally use purebred animals and are concerned with maximizing milk production per cow. Veal production: Veal production is a sideline of dairy production. Since only female cattle are capable of producing milk, male animals are usually only raised for breeding purposes, or for meat. Slaughtering male calves at a young age is one of the most profitable options for meat production. However, although veal is still a product of the Alberta cattle industry, it is not produced to the extent that it once was. Many dairy steers are now grain fed and enter the human food chain when they are somewhat older.

Rural household water needs. How many gallons per day per person is needed?

Qualified, competent well drillers should have good local knowledge of probable availability and quality of groundwater in a particular location. For many households, a well producing as little as 0.5 gpm (gallons per minute) can meet the required needs. If you have a low-producing well or a well with a low recovery rate, then you may require additional water storage in a well, pressure tank, or cistern. Most lenders require 4-5 gpm. Alberta Agriculture and Food uses a measurement of 50 gpd (gallons per day) per person on average for planning water use. Therefore, a family of four is estimated to use 200 gpd on average. Agricultural use is much higher.

Soil - capability subclass - R

R: Consolidated Bedrock This includes soils sufficiently stony to hinder tillage, planting, and harvesting operations.

Range

Range lines run north and south on a map and are located every six miles starting at the meridian line.

western grid - Ranges

Ranges are also lines of longitude, running north and south every six miles between the meridians. They help to more precisely locate specific tracts of land. Ranges are numbered consecutively from one to a maximum of 30, moving westward from each meridian. The numbering system repeats itself west of each meridian line.

True or False - Road allowances are always marked.

Road allowances are not always marked or developed but they are always there. Before 1963, road allowances were 66 feet wide. Since 1963, some municipalities require road widening as a condition of subdivision or development. So, roads could vary in width from the traditional 66 feet (20.12 metres) to several hundred feet or metres for major highways. When one of the old road allowances is developed or subdivided, the municipality upgrades to the new standard. In Alberta, there is a north-south road every mile, and an east-west road every second mile. In theory, this provides access to every section within a township. In practice, less populated townships have only a road allowance in place of a developed road. A road allowance is the strip of land that is reserved for future road construction.

Which of the following cereal crops is typically grown as a winter crop in Alberta? Barley, Oats or Rye?

Rye

Cereal Crops - Rye

Rye is one of the world's major cereal crops, out of which only it and wheat are capable of producing a leavened flour product. Rye creates dark, heavy bread and is also used in the production of alcohol—specifically rye whisky. However, in North America, most rye is grown for animal feed. Compared to the other cereal crops, rye is the most tolerant of varied climatic and soil conditions. Normally, it is grown as a winter crop. This means it is planted in the fall as a cover crop, providing protection against spring wind erosion and a head start on other spring-planted crops and weeds. As rye is generally planted in autumn, its harvest date is also earlier—usually in late July or early August.

Soil - capability subclass - S

S: Cumulative Adverse Soil Conditions This includes soils sufficiently stony to hinder tillage, planting, and harvesting operations.

SPIN

SPIN is Alberta's web-enabled spatial information system that delivers survey plans, survey control marker data, original township plans, and a wide variety of other land-related information.

soil separate - Sand particles

Sand particles are chemically inactive, composed mostly of quartz, and act as individual grains in a soil. When sand is the dominant separate, the soil has large pores that help air and water to pass through. However, the soil's ability to retain water and nutrients is very low.

western grid - Quarter Sections

Sections are further divided into quarter sections: northeast (NE), northwest (NW), southeast (SE), and southwest (SW)

To minimize potential liability in rural well cases - Listing Agent

Secure in writing any representations by the seller concerning the well, to eliminate any doubt at a later time as to what was said. Ask: Does the seller have a well report that verifies their information? Have you obtained a copy? Is the well report current? If a representation based on a well report is to be set out in the listing information, include the fact that the information comes from a well report and the date of that report. Ask if the seller has experienced any problems with the water supply, on a seasonal or other basis. Don't assume; ask the question and record the answer in your notes. Ask if there are any restrictions on the use of water by the seller's household.

riparian area

Shoreland, also sometimes known as a riparian area, is land located along a body of water that has vegetation and soils strongly influenced by the location of water nearby. The development of shoreland can have detrimental effects on bodies of water and the local vegetated land. Shoreland can only be developed with a permit, since land and water are protected by the Public Lands Act. General concerns around shoreland development include: Water quality changes, Erosion of banks and shores, User conflicts, Increased boating, and Loss of habitat and natural shorelines. Landowners must seek and receive approval to change shorelands in any way

soil separate - Silt particles

Silt particles are too small to be seen without a microscope. Here again, quartz is the dominant mineral, although other primary minerals, such as feldspars and micas, also are abundant. Silt particles feel like talc powder when dry; they are soapy but not sticky when wet.

CLI is primarily a systematic survey of land capability in the settled areas of Canada and areas adjacent. The survey includes five different types of maps:

Soil Capability for Agriculture. Land Capability for Forestry. Land Capability for Recreation. Land Capability for Wildlife-Ungulates. Land Capability for Wildlife-Waterfowl.

Soil profiles

Soil profiles are a vertical cross-section showing soil horizons. They can be observed along ditches and cutbanks. Soil profiles vary in depth, colour, texture, and other physical and chemical properties, and are influenced by native vegetation, amount of rainfall, and other climatic factors.

Soil separates

Soil separates are classified as sand, silt, or clay, depending on the individual particle size. One of the major components of soil is inorganic material. This material comprises nearly one half of the total volume of soil. It is made up of different sizes of particles. Some particles are easily seen, while others can only be seen with a microscope. For many purposes, it is convenient to divide the particles into size groups called separates.

soil textural classes

Soils are grouped by textural classes according to the proportion of sand, silt, and clay present in a sample. The names of these soil textural classes represent the separate or separates that contribute most to the soil's characteristics. A soil class does not necessarily represent the soil separates present in the largest quantity. It takes a substantial quantity of coarse particles to exert as much influence on soil properties as a comparatively small quantity of fine particles, particularly clay. Clay is the most influential separate on the properties of a soil.

Water for greenhouses and nurseries

Some agricultural businesses, such as greenhouses and nurseries, are large users of water for commercial purposes. This use would require a license under the Water Act.

Specialized Municipalities

Specialized municipalities are unique municipal structures that can be formed under the MGA. Specialized municipalities are created when one of a special set of circumstances has been met and other forms of municipality do not suitably address. The Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo, Strathcona County, and the Municipality of Jasper are examples of specialized municipalities in Alberta. The title of the chief elected official depends on the type of specialized municipality formed.

Spray water

Spray water is the use of water to deliver pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizer to the crops. This can use significant water, depending on the size of the land. Spray water needs should be factored into a license for diversion if the amount required is expected to be significant, and could impact the water needed for all agricultural operations on the property under the license.

Common berries grown in Alberta include: (x4)

Strawberries, Raspberries, Saskatoon berries, and Black currants.

Oilseed Crops - Sunflower

Sunflowers are heliotropes, meaning that they follow the sun. The flower faces east in the morning and moves west throughout the day with the head returning to face the east before the morning sunrise. Sunflower seeds can be processed into oil, and the residual oil cake or high-protein meal can be used for animal feed. Different varieties are used for human consumption. Both sunflower and canola oil are superior-quality oils that can generally be sold at a premium.

Surface rights vs Mineral rights owners

Surface rights owners own the surface and substances of the property, such as sand and gravel, but not the minerals. Mineral rights owners own all mineral substances found on and under the property. Alberta has both surface and mineral rights owners. Some people or organizations may own rights to both. There are often different surface and mineral owners on the same piece of land. The mineral rights owner has the authority to explore for and recover the minerals, but must do this in a reasonable way so as not to significantly affect the use of the surface.

Title insurance protects the lender or buyer against losses or damages suffered as a result of:

Survey problems, including errors in an existing residential survey, encroachments, and municipal zoning bylaw infractions. Defects in title arising from municipal zoning changes, defects not revealed in a RPR, fraud, forgery, undisclosed or missing heirs, etc. The previous owner failing to obtain building permits. Borrower fraud or forgery. The key is unknown. If the issue is known at the time of the policy issuance, title insurance will not provide coverage for the known issue or defect specifically but remain effective for unknown issues.

Soil - capability subclass - T

T: Topography This includes soils located where the topography limits uses. Both the percent of slope and the pattern or frequency of slopes in different directions affect the cost of farming and the uniformity of growth and maturity of crops, as well as the hazard of water erosion.

heat units

Temperature affects the rate of plant growth. Growing degree-days, also called heat units, measure a direct connection between plant growth and temperature, assuming no other limitations exist. Daily heat unit accumulations begin when the average daily air temperatures reach 5° C for a five-day period. They are generally accurate as long as temperatures are not so high that they cause damage to plants. Growing degree-day totals are useful for estimating crop development stages and maturity dates. For example, types of canola available for seeding have quite different heat unit requirements. Argentine varieties require 1,040 to 1,100 heat units; Polish varieties only require 860 to 920. Considering the average number of growing degree-days available in a specific location is useful for selecting the crop most suited to that area.

western grid - sections

The 36 square miles in a township are divided into 36 sections, with each section being one square mile (containing 259 hectares or 640 acres). The land descriptions predate the use of the metric system in Canada and have not, for purposes of legal descriptions, been converted to metric measurements. The sections are numbered consecutively from the southeast to the northeast corner of the township.

Alberta Environmental Farm Plan (AEFP)

The Alberta Environmental Farm Plan (AEFP) is a non-profit company that helps farmers and ranchers identify environmental opportunities and challenges on their own land. AEFP comprises a team of industry, government, and other stakeholders. The AEFP holds workshops to help farmers and ranchers complete an environmental farm plan for their own operations. Under the federal agriculture policy framework, some financial assistance is available to farmers and ranchers for implementing changes or practices in their operations to improve the environment.

Alberta Weed Control Act

The Alberta Weed Control Act enables the Minister's authority to declare noxious or prohibited noxious weeds that present significant economic, social or ecological risks. The Act states that prohibited noxious weeds must be destroyed and noxious weeds must be controlled. It describes the duties of individuals, local authorities, municipalities and the Crown related to the prevention, control, and destruction of weeds. Under the Weed Control Act, local authorities have jurisdiction to identify noxious weeds and order their control and destruction at the landowner's expense. Depending on the type and density, there can be a significant liability for a property owner for the remediation of noxious weeds.

Who owns the most mineral rights in Alberta?

The Crown owns 81% of the mineral rights in Alberta—approximately 53.7 million hectares of land. Federal (National Parks, Indian) owns 9.2% Companies (CPR, CN Rail, HBC..) owns 7.28%

The DRAS system

The DRAS system is more transparent and allows for greater efficiencies for those applying to Alberta Environment and Parks for authorizations under the Water Act, Environmental Protection and Enhancement Act, and the Public Lands Act. The system offers clear directions around environmental regulatory expectations and will be used to manage the entire life cycle of a project: from application to authorization, monitoring and completion reports, and remediation and closure. The DRAS system currently accepts applications for Water Act approvals and approval amendments, Water Act licenses including both surface water and groundwater, and applications for license amendments, renewals, transfers, and amalgamations. Additionally, it accepts any new Water Act temporary diversion licence (TDL) applications (surface water or groundwater), TDL amendment applications, and Water Act code of practice notifications. For more information, visit the Digital Regulatory Assurance System Government of Alberta website: https://www.alberta.ca/digital-regulatory-assurance-system.aspx

Dower Act

The Dower Act prohibits the disposal of land where either spouse resided at any time during the marriage without the other spouse's explicit consent—unless the courts have ordered otherwise. A disposition of land includes mortgaging the property, leasing it, or selling it.

The Environmental Law Centre

The Environmental Law Centre was established to provide Albertans with an objective source of information about environmental and natural resource law and policy. The centre offers the Environmental Enforcement Historical Search Service. This search is a valuable source of information for anyone involved in: An environmental assessment or audit. The purchase, sale, development or financing of land with potential environmental concerns. A due diligence investigation respecting the purchase, sale, or financing of a business with potential environmental concerns. An environmental regulatory hearing in defence of an environmental prosecution. Research on environmental law enforcement.

The Micro-generation Regulation falls under which act?

The Micro-generation Regulation under the Electric Utilities Act allows Albertans to generate electricity from renewable or alternative energy sources. An owner that produces excess electricity is credited back for what they feed to the municipal grid. There are various levels of micro-generation, from small scale to large. Anyone interested must apply to their distribution company to connect and operate a generating unit. For more information on micro-generation, view the Government of Alberta https://www.alberta.ca/micro-generation.aspx

Which act sets out the permitted and non-permitted uses of land in the province of Alberta?

The Municipal Government Act (MGA)

National Farm Building Code of Canada

The National Farm Building Code of Canada provides minimum requirements for human health, fire safety, and structural sufficiency in farm buildings. Tailored to the needs of the agricultural community, this concise document describes farm buildings in detail and lists the types of structures that fall into the low and high human occupancy load categories.

Navigable Waters Protection Act

The Navigable Waters Protection Act stipulates that before starting any construction below the high-water mark of a navigable body of water, an application must be made to the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans Canada. Navigable waters include any body of water, coastal or inland, in its natural or artificial state and capable of being navigated by floating vessels of any description for the purpose of transportation, recreation, or commerce.

Water Act

The Water Act protects traditional agricultural uses of water and recognizes the importance of household uses of water by providing a statutory right to prioritize these uses. It provides for registration, transfer, and allocation of licences.

According to the World Meteorological Organization, how long does it take to calculate a climate record? 20,30,40 or 50 years?

The World Meteorological Organization states that calculating a climate record requires a minimum of 30 years of data.

Animal Unit Equivalents

The animal unit (AU) is the standard used in calculating the stocking rate or relative grazing impact of different kinds and classes of livestock and grazing wildlife. For example, AUM is the animal unit months per acre.

horticulture

The art or science of cultivating gardens; gardening. Small-scale agriculture.

water table

The boundary between groundwater and the soil above is called the water table.

Aquaculture

The cultivation of aquatic produce such as aquatic plants, fish and other aquatic animals.

How useful are weather predictions beyond 3 days?

The federal Atmospheric Environment Service at Edmonton prepares weather forecasts for the province. Forecasts are normally for two days, with an outlook for the third. Predictions beyond three days are often not accurate enough to be of practical use to the farmer. However, in certain situations, meteorologists can identify patterns that persist for a week or more and can be useful in planning for a three-to five-day period. At weather stations, the temperature is measured at 1.2 metres above the ground surface by thermometers located in louvred screens. Some stations also record temperatures three or four centimetres above a short grass surface, using thermometers exposed to the sky. These are more representative of the crop temperature. For instance, when frost occurs, the grass minimum temperatures are lower than those found at the screen height. The difference can be anywhere from 2° to 5° C and is significant when considering frost-free days.

doe

The female goat is called a "doe" or "nanny." Up to the age of 12 months, she is sometimes referred to as a "doeling." The doe can reach puberty between 4 to 12 months of age, depending on the breed, season of birth, level of feeding/nutrition, and overall health status.

The soil capability classification - Class 1 to 3

The first three classes are considered capable of sustained production of common cultivated crops. These classes are also capable of use for perennial forage crops. Class 1: Soils in this class have no significant limitations in use for crops. Class 2: Soils in this class have moderate limitations that restrict the range of crops or require moderate conservation practices. Class 3: Soils in this class have moderately severe limitations that restrict the range of crops or require special conservation practices.

frost-free period

The frost-free period is the average number of days between the last date of 0° C in the spring and the first date of 0° C in the fall. It is a measure of when plant growth can be expected to occur uninterrupted by frost and offers a method of comparing growing conditions within the province. It is useful for producers when planning which crops to grow in a given area, especially those that depend on a minimum number of frost-free days. Frost-free periods cannot be compared equally across the province because of differences in day length. For example, the relatively longer summer days in the Peace River area of northern Alberta may partially offset the shorter frost-free period found in this region. These differences can't be easily generalized as their relevance depends on the crop being grown.

growing season length

The growing season is the period of time each year during which perennial crops, such as pastures and forages, can grow. The growing season is longer than the frost-free period. Plant growth begins whenever air and soil temperatures are above freezing most of the time. As mentioned earlier, when average daily air temperatures reach 5° C for a five-day period, daily heat unit accumulations begin. The growing season's start, end, and length will differ every year.

u-pick

The majority of Alberta's berry production is presently sold through "u-pick" operations where consumers harvest the berries themselves, paying either a small entry fee or by the weight of berries picked.

Land Use Districts

The municipality's land use bylaw designates districts, which belong to broader categories: Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Agricultural, and Special.

What is the organic label and which organization develops the national organic standards for the organic label?

The organic label refers to the manner in which the crops have been grown and certified in conformity with national organic standards that have been developed by the Standards Council of Canada. Organic crops are grown without the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, using a management system that relies on non-chemical pest control and soil-building techniques.

How long do hens lay eggs?

The production stage for laying hens is approximately one year in length. During this period, a chicken will generally lay an egg a day, and normally produces 300 eggs during its lifetime. When a hen has stopped producing eggs, it may be slaughtered for meat, or processed into animal feed.

municipality - land use bylaw

The province is divided into municipalities, which include cities, towns, villages, summer villages, municipal districts, and specialized municipalities. All municipalities with more than 3,500 people must have a municipal development plan. A municipality with a population of fewer than 3,500 people may choose to adopt one. Each municipality is also required to pass a land use bylaw, which develops the policies of the municipal development plan in more detail for different areas within the municipality. The land use bylaw is the planning mechanism that real estate licensees most frequently deal with in their daily work.

Cows and Fish Program

The provincial government, in partnership with industry organizations, developed the Alberta Riparian Habitat Management Program, also known as Cows and Fish. This non-profit society guides ranchers and livestock operators in improving grazing management in riparian areas while enhancing landscape health and productivity.

Well Location - what is the required distance the well needs to be from a sewage holding tank? From a sewage lagoon?

The required distances increase with the level of hazard. For example, the well distance from a sewage holding tank is 3.25 metres, but the distance from a sewage lagoon is 100 metres. In addition, the well should be located on higher ground than the surrounding area and away from livestock operations. Surface runoff should be diverted away from the well.

3 examples of when title insurance may be used over getting a RPR.

The seller is not willing to update an old RPR. The buyer can agree to accept the old RPR plus title insurance as additional security. The seller does not have an RPR. The buyer intends to add structures to the property, such as a new deck. Title insurance can cover any liabilities in the sale, and the buyer can order a new RPR once the deck is built. In a hot market, the seller indicates they will not provide an RPR and requires the buyer to accept title insurance.

The soil capability classification

The soil capability classification is an interpretive classification based on the effects of climate, soil, and landscape characteristics; limitations of the use of the soils for agriculture; and general productive capability for common field crops. In this classification, the mineral soils are grouped into seven classes according to their limitations and potential for agricultural use.

A soil has a capability subclass of "f." What does this mean? A. The soil has high fertility B. The soil has low fertility

The soil has low fertility. All capability subclasses are indications of soil limitations.

Soil Survey Reports

The soil rating system based on the Soil Survey Reports has been used in Alberta for many years. The first reports were developed in the early 1900s and are continually revised as need dictates and funds allow. These reports are extremely useful to the rural land specialist; they cover a wide range of information about a general area including history, climate, soil formation and development, soil classifications, chemical and physical analyses of the soil, farm practice, etc.

district irrigation rights

There are 13 organized irrigation districts (ID) in southern Alberta. Irrigation districts are responsible for managing and granting district irrigation rights to those licensed within that area. In order to use water from any of the irrigation district's waterways, landowners must receive a water servicing agreement from the local irrigation district board. Removal of water from the district's irrigation works without a valid agreement is a contravention of the Irrigation Districts Act. It should be noted that several irrigation districts in Alberta have, since 2006, imposed a moratorium on new water licenses. This moratorium has resulted in a valuable water license trade, making the inclusion of water rights in a real estate transaction of the utmost value and importance. For this reason, even a real estate professional proficient in cropland sales should seek additional help or cooperation from a local real estate professional when irrigation districts are involved, to ensure their client is properly protected and advised.

water contaminants - agricultural water contaminants

These are contaminants that are introduced into water by agricultural operations. An example is the improper disposal of livestock waste into water bodies that can cause excess algae growth, leading to oxygen depletion in the water. Improper disposal of pesticides and fertilizers also contaminates water sources.

Beneficial Management Practices (BMP)

These are management practices or recommended management options that agriculture managers customize for their individual operations to help them achieve economic and environmental sustainability.

water contaminants - Microbiological contaminants

These are microorganisms that contaminate a water source. They are also referred to as microbes. Examples include bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasites.

water contaminants - Chemical contaminants

These contaminants can be naturally occurring or man-made compounds. Examples include bleach, salts, pesticides, toxins produced by bacteria, and human or animal drugs.

Irrigation Interests Registered on a Title - Easements/Caveats/Right of Ways

These encumbrances are registered when the infrastructure of the district requires access over a certain parcel of land for maintenance or replacement; they describe the rights the district has for this access.

Soil Texture - Very coarse textured soils (coarse sands)

These soils are commonly infertile and unproductive. They have very high rates of water infiltration (intake) and percolation (drainage through the soil). Their moisture- and nutrient-holding capacity is low. These soils are also susceptible to wind erosion.

Soil Texture - Medium textured soils (loams and silt loams)

These soils are typically quite productive. Their natural fertility and moisture-holding capacity are better than in coarser soils, while drainage, aeration, and tilth (ease of tillage) are often better than in the finer soils.

Soil Texture - Moderately Fine textured soils (Clay loams)

These soils are typically very productive. They are excellent at supplying nutrients and have moderately high moisture-holding capacity. These soils can be extremely susceptible to water erosion on long, steep slopes and where contour tillage is strongly recommended.

Soil Texture - Fine textured soils (Clays)

These soils are usually very productive, although they commonly have structure and aeration problems. They retain nutrients well and hold significant water content in a form available for plants. These soils tend to form large hard clods when cultivated too wet or too dry. Improving organic matter content and care in cultivating can lead to better aeration and drainage. These soils are susceptible to wind and water erosion if not protected.

Soil Texture - Moderate coarse textured soils (sandy loams)

These soils can be reasonably productive under careful management. Their natural fertility and moisture- and nutrient-holding capacity are usually low to medium. They can be susceptible to wind erosion. Conservation tillage, organic matter, and fertility management practices are essential.

Soil Texture - Very Fine Textured soils (Heavy Clays)

These soils can be very productive under good management. They hold nutrients and moisture very well. However, they often suffer from severe structure and drainage problems. Soil compaction and excess surface runoff commonly occur. It also takes more machinery power to work this type of soil.

Soil Texture - Coarse textured soils (sands and Loamy sands)

These soils usually have poor productivity. They are very susceptible to wind erosion, but if care is taken to maintain enough organic matter, they can be significantly improved. Because these soils are well aerated, organic matter disappears rapidly. The moisture- and nutrient-holding capacity of coarse textured soils is usually low.

Irrigation Interests Registered on a Title - Notice of Inclusions in an Irrigation District

This alerts the buyer that the land relating to the title is in an irrigation district.

Irrigation Systems Used in Agricultural Operations - Underground Irrigation Systems

This form of irrigation is designed to raise the water table through the use of pump stations, canals, gates, and ditches.

Irrigation Systems Used in Agricultural Operations - Lateral Pivot Irrigation

This is a pivot system that works similarly to wheel lines. It is only used where a rotating pivot system does not fit.

Municipal Development Plan

This is a plan adopted by bylaw in municipalities with populations of 3,500 or more. It addresses future land use within the municipality.

Irrigation Systems Used in Agricultural Operations - Surface/Flood Irrigation

This is a process by which water is moved across the land by gravity feed alone without any pumps or mechanical advantage. Often furrows are formed in the land to allow the water to flow efficiently, or water is directed via gates to pipes from where it flows further over the land. Flood irrigation systems have largely been replaced by the (much) more efficient center pivot systems.

Inter-Municipal Development Plan

This is created when two or more councils each pass a bylaw to adopt a plan to include particular areas of land where a consensus on use and development is desired.

Irrigation Systems Used in Agricultural Operations - Center Pivot Irrigation

This is the most common irrigation system in modern agriculture in Alberta. It involves a system of sprinklers attached to a wheeled system that rotates around a center point which delivers either high or low pressure to the system. These irrigation systems move in a circular pattern and the sprinklers deliver water in all directions.

true or false? Weather is the change in the atmospheric condition over a short period (e.g., days or weeks).

This is true! Weather is the change in the atmospheric condition over a short term (usually days, weeks, and even months). Climate is the weather within a specific region over a long time.

Alberta Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture (AESA) Program

This provincial program promotes environmentally sustainable agriculture production and processing for farmers, ranchers, and processors. AESA provides staff and funding for three areas: Farm-based programs. Processing-based programs. Soil and water resource monitoring.

Irrigation Interests Registered on a Title - Irrigable Units

This registration alerts the buyer that a portion of the land is considered an irrigable unit under the Irrigation Act.

Irrigation Systems Used in Agricultural Operations - Lateral Move Irrigation (Wheel Lines)

This system is a series of straight pipes connected laterally across a field, each with its own wheel and a set of sprinklers. A high-pressure water hose delivers the water across the span of pipes. These systems are often moved by mechanical motors but may also be moved by hand. They can only go so far before requiring a disconnect from one hose and a reconnect to another. Wheel line systems have been mostly replaced by the more efficient center pivot systems.

water contaminants - Physical contaminants

This type of contaminant typically affects the physical appearance or properties of water. Examples include sediments or organic materials suspended in water sources.

Sonya (she/her) and Diane (they/them) are buying a large residential property near Rycroft in northern Alberta which documentation is the seller more likely to have? A Real Property Report or Title insurance?

Title insurance. The cost of an RPR for rural properties can be expensive. It is more likely that the seller and buyer will agree to use title insurance. Remember that title insurance does not replace an RPR in function but deflects liability from the buyer to the insurance company if an unknown issue with the property arises. The key is unknown. If the issue is known at the time of the policy issuance, title insurance will not provide coverage for the known issue or defect specifically but remain effective for unknown issues.

Cereal Crops - Triticale

Triticale is a rye-wheat hybrid that was developed to combine the best qualities of both grains. It has the higher protein levels, strength, and winter hardiness of rye, as well as the higher quality gluten and baking properties of wheat. The seed may be used both in human food and for animal feed. Resembling its rye parent, it is well adapted to poor soil and can be grown in areas unsuitable for wheat.

True or false - Except for the sunflower, all of the oilseeds have extremely small seeds that require shallow planting. Consequently, the upper layers of the soils must be moderately fertile and moist for the seeds to germinate quickly.

True

True or false - If a local gas outlet does not service a rural property, there is a government subsidy to bring the cost of propane to a rate similar to that of natural gas.

True

True or false - dower rights provides a spouse with a life estate upon the other spouse's death, even when the property has been willed to another party.

True

True or False, the supply and price of milk is regulated through provincial marketing boards and the national marketing agency.

True - The Canadian Milk Supply Committee was created to balance milk supply with the demand for dairy products. The committee sets a national production target. Then, in conjunction with the Canadian Dairy Commission, a quota to produce a specified amount of milk is allocated to each province based on its population.

True or False - Waste management and recycling are deemed essential services in Alberta.

True - The location and municipality will determine the waste management and recycling options. Check the local municipality website to determine potential options.

True or False - The rights to use the water from an irrigation district or directly from a river or other stream go with the land and are a salable item.

True - The rights to use the water from an irrigation district or directly from a river or other stream go with the land and are a salable item. It's crucial to include them in rural real estate purchase and sale contracts. Irrigation district water rights and private irrigator licenses can also be sold separately from the land and moved to other (suitable) land in the same irrigation district or along the same river system.

There are three general types of municipalities in Alberta:

Urban municipalities, Rural municipalities, and Specialized municipalities.

veal calves

Veal is the meat of calves, in contrast to the beef from older cattle. Veal can be produced from a calf of either sex and any breed, however most veal comes from young male calves of dairy breeds which are not used for breeding.[1][2] Generally, veal is more expensive by weight than beef from older cattle. Veal production is a way to add value to dairy bull calves and to utilize whey solids, a byproduct from the manufacturing of cheese.

Venison

Venison originally meant the meat of a game animal but now refers primarily to the meat of antlered ungulates such as elk or deer (or antelope in South Africa).[1] Venison can be used to refer to any part of the animal, so long as it is edible, including the internal organs. Venison, much like beef or pork, is categorized into specific cuts, including roast, sirloin, and ribs. lower in fat, cholesterol, and calories than beef and pork products. Venison is considered a delicacy in many other parts of the world

Soil - capability subclass - W

W: Excess Water This includes soils in which excess water is present from inadequate soil drainage, a high water table, seepage, or runoff from surrounding areas.

What is the difference between weather and climate?

Weather is the change in the atmospheric condition over a short term (usually days, weeks, and even months). Climate is the weather within a specific region over a long time. The World Meteorological Organization states that calculating a climate record requires a minimum of 30 years of data.

private sources of water - Wells

Wells are a common source of water in rural real estate. This involves tapping an underground water source—or aquifer—and drawing water up with a pump at the bottom of the well. You will learn more about wells below.

2 types of wells

Wells are either bored or drilled.

6 private sources of water

Wells, Springs, dugouts, municipal water, trickle system, water cooperatives

Cereal Crops - Wheat

Wheat has long been the dominant crop in Canadian agriculture, and is exported worldwide. It is cultivated primarily for human consumption. Wheat is ground into flour, which is a key ingredient in many food products. Wheat is also used for livestock feed, in the production of alcohol, and for its extracted gluten.

Cereal Crops

Wheat, rice, barley, oats, rye, and maize (corn) are the six dominant cereal crops, globally. Cereals are part of the grass family and produce edible grains suitable for either human or livestock consumption. Cereal crops are also used in the production of paper, adhesives, and food thickeners.

direct control

When a land use bylaw provides for direct control land use districts, the permitted uses are at the discretion of the municipality. This classification is used for areas with unique needs, such as neighbourhoods in the downtown core requiring high-density development.

To minimize potential liability in rural well cases - Buyer's Agent

When acting as an agent for a prospective buyer, you should consider all of the practices for the listing agent, as well as: If there is no well report or no current well report, recommend as a condition of the sale that the well be tested and approved by the buyer for potability, economic life, and production rate. Determine whether your buyer has any prior experience with wells. If not, ensure that your client understands that water supply cannot be guaranteed, that a good well can go dry with little or no warning, and that even a good well may be subject to seasonal fluctuations or susceptible to poor maintenance or bad practice. Do not make representations to your client about the sufficiency of the water supply unless you have done a thorough investigation as to the likely water usage. One family of four people may be able to get by on a two gallon per minute well, while another family may need two or three times that amount of water. Always suggest a buyer seek professional advice about wells, since their viability and use is essential to the enjoyment of the property and material to the purchase.

western grid - Correction Lines

When creating maps, we attempt to put something round onto a flat surface. Unlike meridians, which are curved, range lines are straight and do not converge at the pole. To accommodate this difference in space, and to keep townships equal in size, surveyors established a system to make regular corrections, using correction lines. Correction lines are horizontal lines which occur every 24 miles, with the exception of Correction Line Number 1, which is 12 miles north of the Canada-United States border.

Irrigation Interests Registered on a Title - Adjudication Notice

When irrigation rates are not paid by the title holder, the district has the right under the Act to adjudicate. This is indicated by an adjudication notice.

What happens with transactions involve dower rights?

When transactions involve dower rights, consent from the non-owner spouse and a certificate of acknowledgement of free consent from a notary public or other officer of the court must be obtained before the transaction can be completed. The spouse's release of dower rights can be registered against the title to the property.

Cereal Crops - Wild rice

Wild rice is not actually rice but a variety of grass that grows annually from seeds. It is native to northeastern North America and is an important traditional food source for some First Nations. The most commonly harvested wild rice varietal is not native to Alberta, but rather from the Great Lakes region. It is primarily used for human consumption; however, in nature, it is a significant source of food for wildlife such as deer, moose, muskrats, and wild birds.

Shelterbelts

Windbreaks/shelterbelts modify climatic conditions and consist of one or more rows of closely spaced trees and/or shrubs planted at right angles to the prevailing winds to protect crops, soils, animals, and buildings. If wind is a problem in your area windbreaks can help. Shelterbelts decrease soil erosion, trap snow, increase crop yields and carbon storage, and provide protection and habitat for livestock and wildlife.

Soil - capability subclass - X

X: Cumulative Minor Adverse Characteristics This is a subclass comprised of soils having a limitation resulting from the cumulative effect of two or more adverse characteristics.

Are Horses one of the four most common forms of livestock operations in Alberta?

Yes, the four most common forms of livestock operations in Alberta consists of Cattle, Horses, Hogs, and Poultry

To prevent erosion, farmers are using alternative crop productions, including: (x3)

Zero-tillage: The crop is seeded directly into the stubble without first tilling the soil. Minimum tillage: Only a light tilling of the soil is done, and fewer times per year. Summer fallow: Fields are not tilled and are then left to idle or fallow for a season or more. These methods provide additional benefits because they reduce the amount of fuel needed to till the land. However, less tillage presents other challenges, such as ridding the land of weeds and replenishing soil nutrients.

Land use bylaws combine two traditional methods of land use control:

Zoning control: Details how property within a particular area (or zone) of the municipality may be used. Development control: Allows each proposed development to be considered according to its own merits.

Heifer

a female bovine who has not given birth to a calf

ewe

a female sheep.

subdivided land - Once you know the legal description of a parcel of land, which document could you obtain from the Land Titles office to show the exact location and municipal description of a particular lot?

a plan of survey The reverse also applies. The plan of survey for a particular municipal area will show the legal description of each lot within that plan.

agrologist

agrology +‎ -ist agrologist (plural agrologists) One who studies or carries out agrology agrology: The science and art of agriculture.

Animal unit equivalents

an agricultural measurement unit commonly used to indicate the number of certain types of foraging animals that may be supported by a particular plot of land. They can be useful in grazing lease situations where contracted agreements only allow for a specific number of animal units of grazing. If a quarter section of land is considered to support 50 animal units per year, then from this information licensees should be able to determine, for example, how many animals the land can support and what kind of revenue can be generated, which will be valuable information for their clients.

Yearling

an animal (especially a sheep, calf, or foal) that is a year old or that is in its second year.

For wells, It is recommended that a water sample be submitted for bacterial analysis how often?

at least once a year. Well water should also be tested in the following situations: After well servicing, Whenever a change in taste, odour, or color is noticed, Whenever you suspect illness may be caused by the water; or Whenever the risk of contamination increases due to changes in environmental conditions (heavy rains, run off, flooding, a change in the surrounding land use, or an extended dry spell).

BMPs

beneficial management practices Farmers and ranchers are implementing beneficial management practices (BMPs) in their operations throughout the agriculture industry. These practices are recommendations that agriculture managers can customize for their individual operations, to help them achieve economic and environmental sustainability.

wells - There are two types of routine water analysis:

chemical analysis and bacteriological analysis

cool season crops

cool season crops, such as wheat, barley, and oats, grow best at temperatures of 25° to 30° C and become stressed by temperatures above 30° C

Rural municipalities include (x2)

counties and municipal districts

There are two types of irrigation water rights that may be included in a real estate transaction:

district irrigation rights and private irrigation licenses

Can title insurance be transferred to a new owner?

generally can't be transferred to a new owner.

Grazing reserves

government-run community pastures where ranchers pay to graze their livestock and have them managed while on public land. Individuals may hold grazing leases through grazing associations or co-ops, which grant them the right to use public lands for this purpose. When public lease lands are involved in rural real estate sales, licensees should work with the local area's rangeland agrologist, and staff of the provincial ministry of the Environment and Parks, Land Management division, to obtain specific details about the individual leases in question.

What are the highest and lowest recorded temperatures in Edmonton?

in Edmonton, the difference between the highest temperature recorded (37° C) and the lowest temperature (-49° C) is 86° C

The key to protecting soils from erosion is

keeping vegetation on the soil, such as using continuous cropping, groundcovers, and shelterbelts.

To qualify as a household user under section 21, a person must...

own or occupy land that adjoins a river, stream, lake, natural watercourse, or other natural water body, or own or occupy land under which groundwater exists. The water must be used for human consumption, sanitation, fire prevention, or watering animals, gardens, lawns, and trees. This right applies to a maximum of only 1,250 cubic metres (approximately one acre-foot) of water per year per household.

Just like groundwater, all natural surface water—whether in the form of wetlands, lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, or creeks—is owned by who?

owned by Albertans and managed by the provincial government.

The two climate elements that most frequently influence agriculture are..

precipitation and temperature Sufficient water and favourable temperatures are critical to plant growth. Animals also depend on them and can be negatively affected by extremes in temperature and precipitation.

warm season crops

such as corn, have temperature needs that are 5° to 10° C warmer.

In which urban municipality are residents allowed to vote twice in municipal elections?

summer villages once in the summer village and once in their place of permanent residence.

Alberta Environment and Parks streamlined the water license verification process in June of 2021 with the introduction of a new regulatory system called ?

the Digital Regulatory Assurance System (DRAS).

Municipal Government Act

the MGA is a provincial statute, and provides the legislative basis for determining how property in Alberta may be used. It encompasses all aspects of land use planning, from province-wide laws down to how individual municipalities are to regulate the development of properties within their boundaries.

There are two distinct soil-rating systems used in Alberta:

the Soil Survey Reports and the Canada Land Inventory (CLI) system.

The system of land description used in most of western Canada is known as

the Western Grid Survey System. This system applies a grid of imaginary horizontal and vertical lines onto the map in order to divide western Canada into equal-sized tracts of land.

Water Ownership - what is considered the property boundary of the uplands?

the bank is considered the property boundary of the uplands. wetlands, lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, or creeks are defined by a border called a bank, which separates the crown-owned bed and shore from the adjoining upland. The banks can move over time, but the bank is considered the ordinary high water mark. It is the responsibility of the landowner to know where the bank is if a dispute arises. If a stream or river modifies its course, the shoreline may change. Once the shoreline changes, any property in the stream course becomes the property of Alberta Environment. A landowner cannot claim the old shoreline as their property. For real estate purposes, if the stream course eats up an acre of land, it may not show correctly on the RPR; the actual size of the property may be smaller than expected. The only body of water that does not fall under Alberta Environment would be a man-made lake on private land.

Hog Production - Normally, each farrowing barn is composed of three main areas:

the breeding and gestation areas, the farrowing rooms, and the nursery

Beef Production - Production consists of three distinct steps or phases:

the cow-calf herd, the stocker operations, and the feedlot or finishing period. Cow-calf operations consist of breeding herds whose function is to rear calves to the weaning stage. From the start of weaning until entering the feedlot for finishing or entering the breeding herd, beef cattle are classified as stockers. Stockers are young animals that are being fed for growth and development maintenance rather than for finishing. The finishing period is the final step in preparing animals for slaughter. The objective of finishing is to produce more desirable carcasses by increasing body weight and value. Animals in the finishing stage are called feeders.

Reeve

the title given to the person elected as the head or chair of the municipal council. Also called the chief elected official. Used in rural municipalities.Generally the reeve is elected from among all elected rural councillors, but the reeve can be elected by voters at large (all voters in the municipality) The highest elected official of a municipal district is a reeve, but they can choose to use the title of mayor instead.

gross receipts

total moneys coming in for the sale of everything the farm produces

True or false - a hectare equals 100 m by 100 m (or 10,000 metres squared)

true

True or false - municipalities include cities, towns, villages, summer villages, municipal districts, and specialized municipalities

true

In Alberta, all surveyed land falls into one of two categories:

unsubdivided or subdivided. A different form of legal description is used for each category.

An Acre equals how many hectares?

0.4047 hectares

A town can be formed with a minimum population of

1,000 people and may exceed 10,000 people unless a request to change to city status is made.

Land surveyors take the following steps to prepare an RPR: (x5)

1. Title search. 2. A search of all pertinent encumbrances on title. 3. A search of plans related to the location of the property's boundaries. 4 A field survey to establish the property's dimensions and the location of any improvements. 5. Preparation of a plan or diagram.

What should Tamatha do to guarantee that there are no undisclosed surface leases or pipeline right-of-way on the property? Select all that apply. 1.Perform a land title search? 2.Include a clause in the purchase contract form the oil and gas operator? 3.Include a covenant in the purchase contract from the seller? 4.Submit an information request to the Land and Property Rights Tribunal?

1.Perform a land title search? 3.Include a covenant in the purchase contract from the seller

One hectare covers an area of how many metres squared?

10,000 metres squared

To qualify as a city, a population base of..?

10,000 or more is required

There are X municipalities in Alberta that have city status. x=?

19

Under the Alberta Water Act, what priority does household uses of water have?

1st. The Alberta Water Act is designed to protect existing water licenses and traditional agricultural uses of water. It gives household uses of water priority over all other uses. A license is not required for this type of diversion.

One hectare equals how many acres?

2.471 acres

80 acres = ? Hectares (ha)

32

If a municipality has more than X amount of people they must have a municipal development plan. X= ?

3500 A municipality with a population of fewer than 3,500 people may choose to adopt one.

An Acre covers an area of how many square feet?

43,560 square feet

160 acres (a quarter) = ? Hectares (ha)

65

Under the MGA, a town is governed by a X-membercouncil. X= ?

7 However, a local bylaw can change the number of council members to be higher or lower, as long as that number is no lower than three and remains at an odd number. The chief elected official for a town is the mayor.

20 acres = ? Hectares (ha)

8

In Alberta what percentage of rural household water supplies come from groundwater sources?

90% - In Alberta, approximately 90% of rural household water supplies come from groundwater sources.