Reconstruction & Southern Redemption

Following the Civil War, many Southern states enacted Black Codes to 1.provide free farmland for African Americans 2.guarantee equal civil rights for African Americans 3.restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons 4.support the creation of the Freedmen's Bureau

3.restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons

In the ten years following the Civil War, a large numbers of former slaves earned a living by becoming 1.conductors on the Underground Railroad 2.workers in Northern factories 3.sharecroppers on Southern farms 4.gold miners in California

3.sharecroppers on Southern farms

Which statement best summarizes the beliefs of Booker T. Washington? 1.The best solution for African Americans was to return to Africa. 2.Social equality for African Americans would be easier to achieve than legal rights. 3.The way to dissolve the barriers of segregation and bring about an end to Jim Crow laws was by active, violent resistance. 4.The most immediate means for African Americans to achieve equality was to expand their opportunities for vocational education.

4.The most immediate means for African Americans to achieve equality was to expand their opportunities for vocational education.

During Reconstruction, the Black Codes passed by Southern states were attempts to 1.provide land to former slaves 2.punish former Confederate leaders 3.repeal the Jim Crow laws 4.deny equal rights to African Americans

4.deny equal rights to African Americans

During the late 1800s, Southern voters solidly supported the Democratic Party primarily because Democrats 1.favored a stronger national government 2.led efforts to advance civil rights 3.opposed the Jim Crow legal system 4.disliked the Reconstruction programs of the Republicans

4.disliked the Reconstruction programs of the Republicans

Booker T.Washington and W.E.B.DuBois agreed that African Americans should (1) use education to gain opportunities (2) support a "Back to Africa" movement (3) take part in boycotts to end segregation (4) adopt a gradual approach to gain the right to

(1) use education to gain opportunities

Which form of agriculture was created and became dominant in the South in the decades immediately following the Civil War? (1) homesteading (2) sharecropping (3) ranching (4) cooperative farming

(2) sharecropping

What effect did the system of sharecropping have on the South after the Civil War? 1.It kept formerly enslaved persons economically dependent. 2.It brought investment capital to the South. 3.It encouraged Northerners to migrate south. 4.It provided for a fairer distribution of farm profits.

1.It kept formerly enslaved persons economically dependent.

Which statement about the philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois is most accurate? 1.They differed as to the best way that African Americans could effectively achieve equality. 2.Both demanded programs that would provide for immediate social equality. 3.Both believed that vocational training would provide the most important kind of education for African Americans. 4.Neither wanted the Federal Government to play a major role in protecting the civil rights of African Americans.

1.They differed as to the best way that African Americans could effectively achieve equality.

Following Reconstruction, the term New South was most often used to describe 1.changes in the Southern economy 2.new attitudes in race relations 3.the growth of the Republican Party in the South 4.the decline of the sharecropping system

1.changes in the Southern economy

The label "Solid South" was applied to the former Confederate States after Reconstruction because they 1.consistently supported the Democratic Party 2.could not participate in national politics 3.rejected efforts to pass Jim Crow laws 4.continued to support abolitionist causes

1.consistently supported the Democratic Party

Poll taxes and grandfather clauses were devices used to 1.deny African Americans the right to vote 2.extend suffrage to women and 18-year-old citizens 3.raise money for political campaigns 4.prevent immigrants from becoming citizens

1.deny African Americans the right to vote

"Although important strides were made, Reconstruction failed to provide lasting guarantees of the civil rights of the freedmen." Which evidence best supports this statement 1.passage of Jim Crow laws in the latter part of the 19th century 2.ratification of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments 3.refusal of Southern States to allow sharecropping 4.passage of the Civil Rights Acts of 1866

1.passage of Jim Crow laws in the latter part of the 19th century

Southern states attempted to limit the impact of constitutional amendments passed during the Reconstruction Era by 1.passing Jim Crow laws 2.ending racial discrimination 3.seceding from the Union 4.fighting the Civil War

1.passing Jim Crow laws

Constitutional amendments adopted during Reconstruction were intended to 1.provide legal and political rights for African Americans 2.end property and religious qualifications for voting 3.correct problems with the electoral college system 4.limit the number of terms of the president

1.provide legal and political rights for African Americans

Which newspaper headline would have appeared during the Reconstruction Period after the Civil War? 1."Jim Crow Laws End" 2."Former Slaves Made Citizens" 3."Supreme Court Issues Dred Scott Decision" 4."Emancipation Proclamation Issued"

2."Former Slaves Made Citizens"

Which statement most accurately describes President Abraham Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction after the Civil War? 1.Southerners should be made to pay for their rebellion. 2.The Union should be restored as quickly as possible. 3.African Americans should be given free land. 4.War damages should be collected through military occupation.

2.The Union should be restored as quickly as possible.

The underlying reason for the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson was 1.the Credit Mobilier scandal 2.a power struggle with Congress over Reconstruction 3.his refusal to appoint new justices to the Supreme Court 4.his policies toward Native American Indians

2.a power struggle with Congress over Reconstruction

Many Southern States tried to limit the effects of Radical Reconstruction by 1.adopting federal laws mandating segregation 2.enacting Jim Crow laws 3.abolishing the Southern sharecropping system 4.securing passage of new amendments to the United States Constitution

2.enacting Jim Crow laws

Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois shared the belief that African Americans should 1.use force to bring an immediate end to segregation in public facilities 2.pursue education as the key to improving social status 3.recognize that the growth of labor unions was the major barrier to economic advancement 4.strive for immediate social equality with whites

2.pursue education as the key to improving social status

The Jim Crow laws, upheld by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), provided for 1.free land for former slaves 2.separate public facilities based on race 3.racial integration of public schools 4.voting rights for African-American males

2.separate public facilities based on race

The Jim Crow laws of the post-Civil War Era were attempts by 1.the Federal Government to improve the status of African Americans and Native American Indians 2.state and local governments to restrict the freedoms of African Americans 3.states to ban organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan 4.the Radical Republicans in Congress to carry out Reconstruction plans

2.state and local governments to restrict the freedoms of African Americans

The 14th amendment provides that no "state [shall] deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws." A direct result of this amendment was that 1.the process of amending the Constitution became slower and more complex 2.the guarantees in the Bill of Rights were applied to state actions 3.every citizen gained an absolute right to freedom of speech and assembly 4.the power of the Federal Government was sharply reduced

2.the guarantees in the Bill of Rights were applied to state actions

How were many African Americans in the South affected after Reconstruction ended in 1877? 1.A constitutional amendment guaranteed their social advancement 2.The Freedmen's Bureau helped them become farm owners. 3.Jim Crow laws placed major restrictions on their rights. 4.Southern factories offered them job training and employment opportunities

3.Jim Crow laws placed major restrictions on their rights.

After the passage of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, African Americans continued to experience political and economic oppression mainly because 1.the amendments were not intended to solve their problems 2.many African Americans distrusted the Federal Government 3.Southern legislatures enacted Jim Crow laws 4.poor communications kept people from learning about their legal rights

3.Southern legislatures enacted Jim Crow laws

What was a major result of the Civil War? 1.States now had the right to secede from the Union. 2.Congress passed an amendment to provide for the direct election of senators. 3.The power of the central government was strengthened. 4.The judiciary became the dominant branch of the federal government.

3.The power of the central government was strengthened.

In their plans for Reconstruction, both President Abraham Lincoln and President Andrew Johnson sought to 1.punish the South for starting the Civil War 2.force the Southern States to pay reparations to the Federal Government 3.allow the Southern States to reenter the nation as quickly as possible 4.establish the Republican Party as the only political party in the South

3.allow the Southern States to reenter the nation as quickly as possible

W.E.B. Du Bois believed that African Americans should attempt to gain equality in the United States by 1.setting up a separate nation within the United States 2.entering vocational training programs in separate schools 3.demanding full and immediate participation in American society 4.taking over the leadership of the two major political parties

3.demanding full and immediate participation in American society

The Jim Crow legal system, which expanded in the South after Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), was based on the Supreme Court's interpretation of the 1.due process clause of the 5th Amendment 2.states' rights provision of the 10th Amendment 3.equal protection clause in the 14th Amendment 4.voting rights provision in the 15th Amendment

3.equal protection clause in the 14th Amendment

The 14th and 15th Amendments, passed during Reconstruction, resulted in 1.equal rights for women in the United States 2.expanded rights for Native American Indians on reservations 3.increased individual rights for African Americans 4.additional rights for Southern segregationists

3.increased individual rights for African Americans

Base your answer to the question below on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. "[The registrar] brought a big old book out there, and he gave me the sixteenth section of the constitution of Mississippi, . . . I could copy it like it was in the book, but after I got through copying it, he told me to give a reasonable interpretation and tell the meaning of the section I had copied. Well, I flunked out." Source: A History of the United States since 1861 The main intent of the literacy test described in the passage was to 1.encourage reform of the political system 2.encourage Mississippi residents to learn about their state's legal system 3.prevent African Americans from exercising a basic right 4.enforce the provisions of the United States Constitution

3.prevent African Americans from exercising a basic right

Booker T. Washington stated that the best way for formerly enslaved persons to advance themselves in American society was to 1.leave their farms in the South and move to the North 2.run for political office 3.pursue economic gains through vocational training 4.form a separate political party

3.pursue economic gains through vocational training

The provision of the Radical Republicans' plan for Reconstruction that Southern States found most objectionable was that a former Confederate State could not be readmitted to the Union unless that State 1.gave land and money to former slaves 2.granted full citizenship to former Confederate leaders 3.ratified the 14th amendment 4.agreed to modernize its economy

3.ratified the 14th amendment

A major reason the Radical Republicans opposed President Abraham Lincoln's Reconstruction plan was that his plan 1.demanded payments from the South that would have damaged its economy 2.postponed the readmission of Southern States into the Union for many years 3.granted too many rights to formerly enslaved persons 4.offered amnesty to nearly all Confederates who would swear allegiance to the United States

4.offered amnesty to nearly all Confederates who would swear allegiance to the United States

"No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges . . . of citizens . . . nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. . . ." The major purpose of these provisions of the 14th Amendment was to 1.limit the power of the federal government 2.expand the civil rights of women 3.maintain competition in business 4.protect the rights of African Americans

4.protect the rights of African Americans

The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the 1.Compromise of 1850 2.Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 3.creation of the Freedmen's Bureau in 1865 4.ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865

4.ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865

In the South, the passage of Jim Crow laws in the 1870s and 1880s led directly to the 1.racial integration of public schools 2.decline of the Democratic party 3.organization of the Ku Klux Klan 4.segregation of public facilities

4.segregation of public facilities

The dispute between President Andrew Johnson and Congress during the Reconstruction Era illustrates the constitutional principle of 1.equality of justice under the law 2.federalism 3.one man, one vote 4.separation of powers

4.separation of powers