Red Cross - Adult, Child and Baby First Aid/CPR/AED
When giving high-quality CPR, you should minimize necessary interruptions in chest compressions to less than how many seconds?
10
When giving high-quality CPR, you should give compressions at a rate of which of the following per minute?
100 to 120
When placing a tourniquet on an arm or a leg, which of the following is the correct placement?
2 to 3 inches above the wound
Where should Renzo apply the tourniquet on Jaylin's leg?
2 to 3 inches above the wound, between the wound and the heart
When giving chest thrusts to an infant, how deep should you press?
About 1 ½ inches.
When giving chest thrusts to an infant, to which depth should you press?
About 1½ inches
If you suspect that a person is experiencing an opioid overdose and they are unresponsive and not breathing, what should you do immediately after calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment or telling someone to do so?
Administer naloxone.
Which of the following is not a general care step you should take when assisting a person with their medication?
Administer the medication and monitor the person until EMS arrives.
You are giving CPR to a 14-year-old in cardiac arrest. You know to follow techniques and use equipment for which of the following age groups?
Adult
When there are two or more trained responders, one person will give CPR while the other person sets up the AED. When will the responders switch roles? Select 2 answers.
After pushing the shock button. After the AED says that no shock is advised.
You have obtained consent and are checking a responsive person. You know you need to interview them first using SAM. What does SAM stand for? Select 3 answers.
Allergies Signs and symptoms Medications and medical conditions
What is it important to do between giving the first and second breath?
Allow the chest to fall and the air to exit
If the chest does not rise on the first breath, and you reopen the airway and give a second breath and the chest still does not rise, what might be a reason?
An object might be blocking the airway.
A person has life-threatening bleeding from a wound on their arm. What should you do while waiting for a tourniquet to arrive?
Apply direct pressure
Before assisting Emily with administration of her quick-relief medication, Coach Kelly follows the general care steps for assisting with medication administration. Which of the following are three of these steps? Select 3 answers.
Assemble the medication device. Explain to Emily what she is going to do. Ask Emily to confirm that she has the right medication.
Which of the following are important aspects of general care for someone experiencing a sudden illness? Select 4 answers.
Assisting with medications Positioning of the person Monitoring and reassuring the person Keeping the person from getting cold or overheated
You are working at an outdoor cafe on a hot summer day. Suddenly you hear a commotion at a nearby table. You make sure the scene is safe. As you approach the person you notice they appear responsive, but they are having trouble breathing. Which of the following sudden illnesses are you most likely to suspect? Select 3 answers.
Asthma Anaphylaxis Heart Attack
When giving high-quality CPR to an adult, you should give compressions at a depth of which of the following?
At least 2 inches
How long should you wash your hands when using soap and water?
At least 20 seconds
What are some things to keep in mind about wearing gloves when giving first aid care? Select 2 answers.
Avoid touching other surfaces. Wash your hands after taking off your gloves.
Care for the responsive choking adult or child consists of cycles of which of the following? Select 2 answers.
Back blows Abdominal thrusts
Care for the responsive choking infant consists of cycles of which of the following? Select 2 answers.
Back blows Abdominal thrusts
Sarita is choking. Brianna must now give care starting with 5 back blows. How should Brianna position Sarita when giving back blows?
Bent forward at the waist with her upper body parallel to ground
When giving back blows, where on the choking infant's back should the responder give back blows?
Between the infant's shoulder blades
Benjamin checks that the scene is safe and forms an initial impression as he approaches Cole. Benjamin's initial impression is that Cole appears responsive and there is no obvious life-threatening bleeding or other life-threatening condition. However, Benjamin knows that falling from a height could have resulted in a potentially life-threatening head, neck or spinal injury. Based on Benjamin's concerns and the nature of what happened what should Benjamin do next?
Call 9-1-1 and get equipment or tell someone to do so
The U16 girls' team is doing warm up drills on the soccer field before practice. One player, Emily, starts to feel out of breath. Coach Kelly is observing practice when she hears one of the girls call for help. She makes sure the scene is safe and goes over to the players. As she gets closer, Coach Kelly forms an initial impression and notices Emily looks like she is having trouble breathing and appears anxious. What should Coach Kelly do at this point?
Call 9-1-1 and get equipment.
Your co-worker fell off of a tall ladder and hit their head quite hard. You can see they have a large lump and they are bleeding a lot. You suspect a potentially life-threatening injury. You tell them you are trained in first aid and want to help them. They tell you, no; that they are fine and it is no big deal. What should you do?
Call 9-1-1 or tell someone to do so.
Where on the child's chest should the first aid responder position their hands to give compressions (when using two hands)?
Centered on the chest
While changing one of the lightbulbs, Cole suddenly loses his balance and crashes to the ground. Benjamin, looking shocked, starts moving toward Cole. What is the appropriate first step for Benjamin to take in this emergency situation?
Check
Noah appears unresponsive. What should Susan do first after making sure the scene is safe?
Check Noah for responsiveness and breathing.
You are working in a senior center when you hear a thud and someone yells out that a man has collapsed. The scene is safe, but the man appears unresponsive. What should you do next?
Check for responsiveness by using the shout-tap-shout sequence while checking for breathing, life-threatening bleeding and other life-threatening conditions.
What is important for Joe to do before he approaches Nick?
Check the scene for safety.
You hear a scream and some loud noises coming from a few feet away in the crowded school playground. As you walk quickly across the playground, you tell yourself to do what first?
Check the scene for safety.
If you are giving care to a responsive choking person who is pregnant, which of the following should you give in addition to back blows?
Chest thrusts
Which of the following are the appropriate depth and rate to use when giving chest compressions to a child? Select 2 answers.
Compress the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
Which of the following are the appropriate depth and rate to use when giving chest compressions to an infant? Select 2 answers.
Compress the chest to a depth of about 1 ½ inches. Compress the chest at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
Gracie, hearing Cole's cry and the sound of the fall, comes outside to see what has happened. Benjamin puts on his gloves and tells Gracie to call 9-1-1 and get an AED and first aid kit. Gracie says she will call 9-1-1 and get an AED and first aid kit. Then, she leaves to do so. Meanwhile, Benjamin tells Cole he is trained and is going to help him. Cole moans, "yes" quietly. Benjamin has Cole remain in the position found and reassures him that EMS is on the way. What should Benjamin do after telling Gracie to call 9-1-1 and get equipment, obtaining consent and giving general care for a potentially life-threatening injury?
Continue checking Cole (SAM and focused check)
While applying a tourniquet to stop life-threatening bleeding in a child, they start to cry and tell you that it hurts, before the bleeding is controlled. In addition to reassuring them, what should you do?
Continue to tighten the tourniquet until you can't tighten it any more
Vomiting and diarrhea in young children and infants can lead to which of the following? Select 2 answers.
Dehydration Shock
Which of the following are examples of life-threatening sudden illnesses? Select 2 answers.
Diabetic emergency Anaphylaxis
Where should you apply direct pressure when caring for a person with life-threatening bleeding?
Directly on the wound
During your interview of the person using SAM, they told you that they have a lot of pain in their left arm and that it is throbbing. What should you do next?
Do a focused check of their left arm.
Cardiac arrest is often due to a blockage of the blood vessels supplying oxygen to the heart muscle (heart attack). However, it can also occur due to the effects of which of the following? Select 2 answers.
Drowning Breathing emergency
What are the steps you should follow for any injury or environmental emergency?
Emergency action steps
When giving CPR to an unresponsive choking infant, what CPR technique should you use?
Encircling thumbs technique
Which technique should Susan use to give compressions to Noah?
Encircling thumbs technique
When giving CPR to an infant, which of the following techniques may be used to give chest compressions? Select 2 answers.
Encircling thumbs technique One-hand technique
What should you do if a choking person is coughing forcefully?
Encourage them to keep coughing
Which of the following medications should you assist with for a person experiencing anaphylaxis?
Epinephrine
When assisting a person with their medication, which of the following statements are true. Select 2 answers.
Explain to the person or family member what you are going to do. Ask the person to confirm that you have the right medication.
What mnemonic can help you easily recognize the common signs of stroke and give EMS professionals crucial life-saving information?
FAST
When giving back blows to an infant, in what position should you hold them?
Face-down along your forearm
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of stroke? Select 3 answers.
Facial weakness Arm or grip weakness Speech disturbances
A person has life-threatening bleeding from a wound on their head. You should apply a tourniquet. True or False?
False
After encouraging the coughing choking person to keep coughing, it is fine to leave them. True or False?
False
If a person is responsive and fully awake, you should place them in a recovery position while you wait for EMS to arrive and begin their care of the person? True or false?
False
If you are unable or unwilling for any reason to perform full CPR, give continuous breaths at a rate of 10 to 12 per minute. True or False?
False
In this video, the responder used correct technique to give back blows and chest thrusts. True or false?
False
Sinus infections are a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants. True or False?
False
You are using an AED on an 82-year-old woman in cardiac arrest. She is frail and only weighs about 105 pounds, so you should use pediatric AED pads. True or False?
False
You have just given a shock to a person in cardiac arrest. You should check to see if the person is breathing before starting CPR again. True or False?
False
What should Joe do once he has determined that the scene is safe?
Form an initial impression, obtain consent to care and use PPE.
After delivering the shock, when the AED prompts to start CPR, which responder should immediately start CPR, beginning with compressions?
Francey should immediately start CPR, beginning with compressions.
After Gary gives 30 chest compressions, what is the best next step?
Gary gives 2 breaths after giving 30 chest compressions
When drowning is the suspected cause of cardiac arrest, what should the responder do first?
Give 2 breaths
If the responsive choking person becomes unresponsive, what care should you give?
Give CPR (give compressions, look for object, give breaths)
The initial back blows did not remove the object. Sarita is still choking. What should Brianna do next?
Give abdominal thrusts
A choking adult is unable to speak or cough forcefully. Your partner is calling 9-1-1. What should you do now?
Give cycles of 5 back blows and 5 abdominal thrusts
Which of the following is considered a life-threatening injury?
Head injury
Which of the following is considered a life-threatening environmental emergency?
Heat stroke
As Gary gives compressions, how should he maintain his body position to ensure he continues to give effective compressions?
His shoulders should remain directly over his hands with his arms straight and elbows locked, so he can use his body weight to help compress the chest.
If the person with a suspected opioid overdose is unresponsive and not breathing (cardiac arrest), which care step should you do first?
Immediately begin CPR
After delivering the shock, what should Gary do next?
Immediately resume CPR
After calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment, or telling someone to do so, which of the following is the immediate priority care for heat stroke?
Immerse the person up to their neck in cold water
When giving chest thrusts, where on the choking infant's chest should the responder give thrusts?
In the center of the infant's chest, just below the nipple line.
You are giving CPR to a 5-month-old in cardiac arrest. You know to follow techniques and use equipment for which of the following age groups?
Infant
Why is it important for you, the first aid responder, to ask questions using SAM and do a focused check of the responsive person? Select 3 answers.
It can help you to determine what care they may need. As time passes, the person may be less able to say things. You may be able to gather information that others may not be able to gather later.
If you suspect a person has a life-threatening injury, it is important to do which of the following as part of general care?
Keep the person in the position they are found in, unless they have to move due to the scene becoming unsafe.
The tourniquet has been applied and the bleeding has stopped. What is Madison's next best action?
Keep the tourniquet on and monitor Jaylin until EMS arrives.
The risk of infection when giving first aid care is low. Using what reduces your risk even further? Select 3 answers.
Latex-free disposable gloves Face shield Pocket mask
Which of the following is a common cause of shock?
Life-threatening bleeding
When you ask someone to call 9-1-1 for you in an emergency situation, what communication techniques/instructions should you use? Select 2 answers.
Look directly at one person. Say, "You, call 9-1-1."
Which of the following signs or symptoms would make you suspect that a person has sustained a head, neck or spinal injury?
Loss of sensation
What is your risk of catching a disease when giving first aid care?
Low Risk
Benjamin asks Cole questions using SAM. Cole says he hit his head hard when he landed and now it is throbbing. A quick focused check of Cole's head reveals a large lump on the side of his head. Cole also appears to be getting cold. After Gracie returns with the AED and first aid kit, Benjamin continues to give care to Cole while waiting for EMS to arrive. In addition to leaving Cole in the position found, what additional care should Benjamin give? Select 2 answers.
Maintain Cole's body temperature Care for other injuries that may be present
If you suspect that the person has a concussion, in addition to having them stop the activity they were doing and rest without moving, which of the following are part of the care you should give? Select 2 answers.
Maintain the person's body temperature Give care for other injuries that may be present
When giving abdominal thrusts, how should Brianna position her hands?
Make a fist with her first hand and place the thumb side against Sarita's stomach just above her navel; cover her fist with her second hand
What is important to determine before giving sugar by mouth to the person experiencing a diabetic emergency? Select 3 answers.
Make sure the person is awake. Make sure the person can follow simple commands. Make sure the person can chew and swallow.
When interviewing the person to find out more information, it is important to ask specific questions. The mnemonic SAM should be used to help you remember to ask those questions. Which of the following are topics covered by SAM? Select 3 answers.
Medications and medical conditions Signs and symptoms Allergies
You are placing pediatric AED pads on a 7-month-old infant. What is the correct placement of the pads for this infant?
Middle of the chest and on the back, between the shoulder blades.
When you suspect a person is experiencing hypothermia what is the first step of care, if possible, after calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment, or telling someone to do so?
Move the person to a warmer place
Before giving breaths to the infant, you should open their airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift technique to which position?
Neutral
In addition to aspirin, what is another medication you may assist with for a person experiencing a heart attack?
Nitroglycerin
When giving breaths to an infant with a face shield, you should cover which body parts of the infant with your mouth?
Nose and mouth
Which of the following would lead you to suspect a person is in cardiac arrest? Select 2 answers.
Not breathing or only gasping Unresponsive
You are working a shift at the local farmer's market when you recognize that a 10-year-old shopping with their parent is choking. You check the scene for safety and approach the child. What do you need to do at this point?
Obtain consent from the parent (who is present) because the person is a minor.
In what position should Francey place the AED pads on Noah?
One pad in the middle of the chest and the other on the back, between the shoulder blades
Gary has set up the AED and bared Paula's chest when prompted. How should he place the AED pads on Paula's chest?
One pad on the upper right side of Paula's chest; one pad on the lower left side of Paula's chest
You are giving CPR to an 8-year-old in cardiac arrest. You know that for CPR, a child is someone considered from the age of 1 year to which of the following?
Onset of puberty
What should you do before giving breaths to an unresponsive choking person?
Open the mouth and look for an object.
Before giving breaths to the adult, you should open their airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift technique to which position?
Past-neutral
Identify the signs that indicate an emergency exists in the video you just watched. Select 3 answers.
Paula moaned, grimaced, and rubbed her shoulder Paula made a thud when she collapsed to the ground Paula appeared unresponsive on the ground
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of a heart attack?
Persistent chest pain
If you see an object in the infant's mouth, which finger(s) should you use to do a finger sweep?
Pinky finger
You are placing adult AED pads on a 3-year-old child. When placing them on the chest, you notice that the pads are touching. What should you do?
Place one pad in the middle of the chest and one on the back, between the shoulder blades.
While Renzo calls for help and gets the bleeding control kit, first aid kit and AED, Madison must apply direct pressure to the wound. Which technique is most effective for applying direct pressure?
Provide firm pressure by placing one hand over the other, with the heel of one palm on the wound and shoulders directly over the hands.
When giving chest compressions, the goal is to do which of the following?
Push hard and fast
You have a first aid kit and are about to give care to a co-worker who is unresponsive and not breathing. After calling 9-1-1 and getting equipment, what should you do before giving care, if possible?
Put on latex-free disposable gloves.
Which of the following is a common sign or symptom of an asthma attack?
Rapid, shallow breathing
A person who responds but is not fully awake should be placed in what position?
Recovery position
Joe knows based on Nick's answers during the interview and by what he observes that he should complete a focused check where on Nick?
Right arm and elbow.
Before handing the inhaler to Emily, what two things should Coach Kelly do? Select 2 answers.
Shake the inhaler. Remove the mouthpiece cover and attach a spacing device if available.
Based on the initial impression, what life-threatening emergency is Sarita most likely experiencing?
She is choking.
In this video, the responder followed the Call step to ensure that help was on the way and that she had the necessary equipment to care for the person. Which of the following actions accurately demonstrates the Call step?
She looked directly at Chloe and told her to call 9-1-1.
Assisting with medications may be a part of care for which of the following sudden illnesses? Select 3 answers.
Shock Heart attack Anaphylaxis
When giving compressions, how should the first aid responder position their body and arms?
Shoulders directly over the hands and elbows locked
Before giving breaths to the child, you should open their airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift technique to which position?
Slightly past-neutral
Which of the following is most likely to cause a person to choke?
Small toy
Life-threatening bleeding is characterized by which of the following? Select 2 answers.
Spurting Flowing continuously
After recognizing that a person is in cardiac arrest (unresponsive and not breathing), you call 9-1-1 and send someone to get an AED. What is your next step?
Start CPR by giving chest compressions and breaths
Paula is unresponsive and not breathing. She does not show any signs of life-threatening bleeding. What should Gary do first?
Tell Tomas to call 9-1-1 and send Jenna to get an AED and first aid kit.
When giving breaths during high-quality CPR, each breath should last about 1 second and make what happen?
The chest begin to rise
When is it important to consult a healthcare provider if a young child or infant has a fever? Select 3 answers.
The infant is younger than 3 months and has a fever of 100.4° F (38° C) or greater. The child or infant has a febrile seizure. The fever is associated with change in behavior or activity.
What do you see in this photo that might indicate an emergency situation? Select 2 answers.
The person appears unresponsive and is laying on the ground. The person is bleeding.
You obtain consent, call 9-1-1 and continue checking a responsive person who is having trouble breathing. The person's lips are swelling, and they are scratching a bee sting on their arm. You notice a medical alert bracelet and they nod their head when you ask if they have an allergy. What do you suspect is wrong with the person and what care should you give?
The person is experiencing anaphylaxis. Assist them with administering epinephrine via an auto-injector.
Which of the following may be signs of choking? Select 3 answers.
The person looks surprised. The person is making high-pitched squeaking noises. The person is coughing.
Which statement is correct about the responder's technique for giving breaths?
The responder made a complete seal, but did not tilt the head back to open the airway.
Jaylin has a deep cut in her lower leg. Blood is flowing heavily from the wound and there is about a half of a soda can's worth of blood present. Based on these findings, what first aid care is required?
This is life-threatening bleeding from an extremity requiring direct pressure and a tourniquet.
A person who is responsive and breathing but not fully awake should be placed in a recovery position for which of the following reasons?
To lower their risk for choking and aspiration
Which of the following is a life-threatening sign or symptom of poison exposure?
Trouble breathing
In a small child or an infant, bleeding may be life-threatening when the amount of blood loss is even less that what is considered life-threatening in an adult. True or False?
True
Shock is a common cause of cardiac arrest in children and infants. True or False?
True
When giving CPR to a person and waiting for EMS personnel to arrive, a bystander tells you to stop, saying, "it's no use and that looks hard." You continue because you know that is not a reason to stop CPR. True or False?
True
You are caring for a person experiencing an asthma attack. You have helped them administer their quick-relief medication via an inhaler. Ten minutes later, they are still having trouble breathing and EMS has not yet arrived. You should help the person administer a second dose of the medication. True or false?
True
You are caring for a person with life-threatening bleeding. You have applied a tourniquet and are waiting for EMS to arrive. The person becomes confused and irritable. You notice that their skin is very pale and feels moist. They complain that their heart is racing. The person is most likely experiencing shock. True or false?
True
You are using an AED on an older adult in cardiac arrest. They are wearing a sweatshirt. You need to remove the sweatshirt before you place the pads on the chest. True or False?
True
You are placing AED pads on a person in cardiac arrest. What is the correct placement for the pads?
Upper right side of the chest and lower left side of the chest, a few inches below the left armpit
You are placing adult AED pads on a 10-year-old child. What is the correct placement of the pads for this child?
Upper right side of the chest and lower left side of the chest, a few inches below the left armpit.
What are two key differences when giving care to an unresponsive choking infant compared to an unresponsive choking adult or child? Select 2 answers.
Use encircling thumbs CPR technique Use a pinky finger to do a finger sweep
What are two ways to tell if bleeding is life-threatening? Select 2 answers.
Volume Flow
If more than one responder is available and trained in CPR, when should the responders switch? Select 3 answers.
When the original responder is tiring After every five cycles of CPR About every 2 minutes
A burn can be which of the following colors?
White
A person has several wounds after a car accident. Which of the following wounds should you care for first?
Wound with life-threatening bleeding
Bleeding in an adult is considered life-threatening if the amount of blood present equals at least which of the following?
half of what a soda can contains
