Religion 101 JMU Final
The word lama in Tibetan Buddhism means which of the following?
teacher/leader
In Buddhism, sangha refers to ___________.
the Buddhist community
According to the Buddha's first sermon, each of the following is one of the Four Noble Truths except which?
the Middle Way
Hinduism is the ____ largest religion in the world
third
Muhammad was born around the year _______.
570 CE
What Old Testament figure is Jesus Christ compared to in Romans 5?
Adam
Which of the following is not one of the Six Articles of Faith in Islam?
Belief in the Kaaba
Cicero, the first century BCE writer and politician, was skeptical about the existence of the gods, and also ______________.
Defended traditional religion on social and political grounds
What two rites (sometimes called sacraments) are practiced by almost all Christian groups?
Eucharist and Baptism
According to Orsi, the idea that religion=belief is very ancient.
False
Buddhism does not teach a cycle of rebirth and death (i.e. samsara).
False
In the excerpts from the Bhagavad Gita you read this week, only meditation and ascetic discipline are described as paths to liberation.
False
Sacrifice is a sequence of activities often characterized by formality and traditionalism.
False
Scholars of religion widely agree on the definition of the word "religion."
False
The Shia and Sunni Muslims disagree on whether there is only one God.
False
The last two principles of Maimonides "Thirteen Principles" are about sabbath keeping.
False
The shahada (profession of faith) is one of the Six Articles of Faith in Islam.
False
In surah 76 of the Quran, why do "the righteous" feed "the poor, and the orphan, and the captive?"
For the sake or love of God
W.D. Fard
Founder of the Nation of Islam
What is the name of the elephant-headed god of thresholds who is a popular Hindu deities
Ganesh
In traditional Christianity, Jesus is Messiah and also ________.
God Incarnate
Which of the following is not a High Holy day in Judaism?
Hanukah
In general, what is the posture of Rabbinic Judaism toward violence?
In Rabbinic Judaism, violence was usually mitigated and frowned upon but not outright banned
The majority of Hindu people live in what country?
India
For which religion is Adam considered the "first prophet?"
Islam
According to your professor, which of the following is a major advantages of thinking of religions in terms of "family resemblance?"
It allows for the use of numerous ideas and theories about religion.
What form of Buddhism can claim the most adherents in the modern world?
Mahayana
Sunni
Majority branch of Islam in which there have been four schools of jurisprudence and that accepts four rightly guided caliphs
What are the four Gospels of the Christian New Testament?
Matthew, Mark, Luke, John
All of the following are main groups, or denominations of Judaism except
Medieval
Which of the following is the main source for information about the life of Muhammad?
Quran
Eid al-Fitr is a festival of fast breaking that comes at the end of _______.
Ramadan
Which of the following is not one of the three major branches of Christianity?
Reform
Prothero, the author of Religion Matters (our textbook), prefers what analogy for thinking about the integrity of the concept of religions?
Religions share a family resemblance.
All of the following are major Sunni legal school except ______.
Shia
Which came last (latest in time), the Mishnah, Talmud, or Torah?
Talmud
Which of the following events is most important for understanding Judaism and also the formation of the Tanakh?
The Babylonian Exile
The Bhagavad Gita is part of what larger, Hindu epic?
The Mahabharata
The second temple in Jerusalem was destroyed by whom?
The Roman Empire
Your professor described all of the following as important developments in Christianity of the fourth century (300s) except ______.
The beginning of official persecution of Christians by the Roman State
Ramadan is a month of fasting in commemoration of _____.
The beginning of the prophet Muhammad's reception of revelation
Yom Kippur is the Jewish holy day of _______.
The day of atonement.
Sitting shiva is a seven day ritual associated with what major event?
The death of a family member
The first year of the Islamic calendar begins with what event?
When Muhammad and his followers move from Mecca to Medina (the hijra).
According to the Nicene Creed, the "Son of God" is ________.
begotten
What is the definition of "perennialism?"
belief that there is one religion underlying what appears to be many religions—that all religions are, in essence, one
Rabbinic Judaism is important in defining Judaism after what?
he destruction of the second temple in the first century
In Ware's "The Orthodox Way," God's "mystery" is partly function of God's "nearness" and ______.
otherness
The Arabic word shirk refers to what sin?
"Associating" something or someone with God
Incarnation
Christian idea that God became human in Jesus Christ
The Hebrew word mitzvah is best translated as _____.
Commandment
According to the Christian doctrine of the Trinity, God is one essence (or substance) and three _____.
Persons
Ali
Cousin of Muhammad considered the first legitimate successor in Shiite Islam
Henotheism is the belief in
Only one god
According to guest lecturer Rebecca Bultman, purity in Judaism is not fundamentally an issue of what?
Morality
According to guest lecturer Fr. Michael Tishel, Eastern Orthodox Christians would strongly emphasize the _____ of God.
Mystery
Sufism
Mystical tradition in Islam
Kabbalah
Mystical tradition in Judaism
Dukkha (First Noble Truth)
The truth of suffering
Nirodha (Third Noble Truth)
The truth of the cessation of suffering
Samudāya (Second Noble Truth)
The truth of the origin of suffering
Magga (Fourth Noble Truth)
The truth of the path to the cessation of suffering
The Tanakh is an acronym of which Hebrew words?
Torah, Nevi'im, Ketuvim
Nicaea
Town where the first major Christian Council took place
According to Goenka in his "Art of Living: Vipassana Meditation," the cause of suffering lies within, in our reaction to pleasant or unpleasant sensations.
True
According to Religion Matters (our textbook), though there are issues with generalization, the study of religion (and virtually all study) requires generalization.
True
According to Ware in "The Orthodox Way," one must actually begin the journey of the Christian Faith to understand what it is.
True
According to surah 19 of the Quran, it is not for God to have a child.
True
Euhemerism is the theory that all stories of divine beings are confused history.
True
In the excerpt from the Upanishad you read this week, Shevetaku's father, Uddalaka, uses the fruit of a banyan tree and salt in water as illustrations.
True
One theory of religion in antiquity was that it should serve moral and pedagogical ends?
True
Shunyata, emptiness, is the central teaching of Mahayana Buddhist philosophy.
True
Some modern theorists of religion have tried to argue that, at base, all religions are attempts to render comprehensible what is otherwise confusing or disturbing.
True
The Upanishads elaborate on the Vedas and are philosophical dialogues between teachers and pupils teaching wisdom as a path to spiritual liberation.
True
The first year of the traditional Islamic calendar is the Hijra.
True
The greatest number of Muslims alive today live in Asia.
True
The largest branch of Christianity today is Catholic.
True
There is a scholarly consensus that Jesus was a historical figure (i.e. he really existed).
True
Your professor defined Fundamentalism, in its wider contemporary use, as a vague designation for a movement in any religion that is anti-modern.
True
According to the Definition of Chalcedon, Jesus Christ is "truly God" and what?
Truly man