Renaissance Lesson 1
Christine de Pizan
An Italian who lived in France and wrote in French., known writting in defense of women. In The Book of the City of Ladies, written between 1404 and 1405, she denounced male writers who had argued that women, by their very nature, are unable to learn.
doge
An elected leader
Why did Savonarola gain power?
He condemned the corruption of the Medici family.
Niccolò Machiavelli
His book The Prince is one of the most influential works on political power in the Western world.
Where and When did the Renaissance Begin
Italy in the late 14th century
What did the Statue David Symbolize
Liberty
How did Machiavelli's view of the responsibilities of a ruling class differ from Castiglione
Machiavelli believed that results, not morality, should control political decisions.
What were the five major territorial states that had come to dominate the peninsula, why?
Milan, Venice, and Florence, the Papal States centered on Rome, and the Kingdom of Naples because of their economic power
He believed that morality was unrelated to politics.
Niccolò Machiavelli
The Italian Wars, fought between France and Spain, reached a turning point when
Spanish forces sacked Rome.
The goal of humanism
They wanted to use classical values to revitalize their culture
In the Renaissance, who were the upper class?
Townspeople that were wealthy from trade, industry, and banking
Which famous family ruled Florence?
Visconti family
patricians
With their wealth from trade, industry, and banking, they dominated their communities and were At the top of urban society.
decline
a change to a lower state or level
burgher republic
a form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote
What does Machiavelli use as the basis for his argument about how a prince should act?
a leader must do good when possible, but be ready to do evil when necessary.
The Divine Comedy
a long poem describing the soul's journey to attain Paradise.
Humanism
a system of values and beliefs that is based on the idea that people are basically good and that problems can be solved using reason instead of religion
dowry.
an amount of money that the wife's family gave to the husband at the time of marriage.
Guild
an association of people who made or sold goods in the Middle Ages
Secularism
an emphasis on the individual non religious
aristocracy
an upper class whose wealth is based on land and whose power is passed on from one generation to another
Why was Florence considered the most influential city during the renaissnce
because its scholars, writers, artists, and architects defined the culture
In the Renaissance, who were the middle class?
burghers
How did the Renaissance spread?
by trade.
What are the three social classes that divided the Middles Ages society?
clergy the nobility the peasants and townspeople.
Medici Family
controlled Florence during the Renaissance
Which attitude is most typical of Italy during the Renaissance?
emphasis on the individual
Why did Dante defended his use of the vernacular in the Divine Comedy?
if he had written in Latin, only scholars would have understood him.
Of the European population, peasants and townspeople
made up the largest group.
What were the Characteristics of a noble or well-developed individual?
must come from a noble family character, grace, and talent a warrior classically educated interested in Arts follow certain standards of conduct
In The Book of the Courtier, Castiglione stated that
nobles should follow a standard of conduct.
aristocrat
one of a group of people who are born into a high social position and who have more wealth and privileges than others
Petrarch had described the intellectual life as
one of solitude
In the Renaissance, who made up most of the European population?
peasants
The word Renaissance means
rebirth
Machiavelli believed that moral principles
should not influence political activity.
mercenaries
soldiers who fought primarily for money.
In the Middle Ages, many writers on political power had emphasized what?
the duty of rulers to follow Christian moral principles.
Francesco Petrarch
the father of Italian Renaissance humanism.
vernacular
the local spoken language
burghers
the shopkeepers, artisans, guild masters, and guild members.
The economic power of the Italian states led to
their increased political power.
dominate
to influence or control
What did Humanist believe the duties of an Intellectual were?
to live an active civic life and to put their study of the humanities to the state's service.
The aim of the perfect noble
to serve his prince in an effective and honest way.
The monarchies of France and Spain were attracted by Italy's
wealth.
Cicero for prose and Virgil for poetry.
were two Roman writers as models for using classical Latin in writing
When did children become emancipated in Renaissance Italy?
when their father freed them
