Research Methods
According to Kerlinger (1986), a hypothesis can be defined as which one of the following statements?
A conjectural statement of the relationship between two or more variables
Thomas, Nelson, and Silverman (2015) define the scientific method as which one of the following statements?
A process of careful and systematic enquiry
What is research?
A process of discovery and advancement of human knowledge (Jones, 2015)
Which one of the following statements best describes why authority is a less valid way of knowing?
Accepting something is true because an eminent figure said it is lacks validity
Which one of the following types of research typically involves assessing what and how much is happening?
Descriptive research
Which one factor underpins the validity of authority?
Eminence
Which one factor underpins the validity of the Scientific Method?
Evidence
Which one of the following is not a feature of idiographic methods?
Idiographic methods typically involve large sample sizes
When conducting non-experimental quantitative research, which one of the following types of variable is considered equivalent to the predictor variable?
Independent variable
Which one of the following variables is the 'cause behind a change in a phenomenon?
Independent variable
Which of the following are two types of reasoning?
Inductive and Deductive
Which research paradigm is most guided by an ontology and epistemology that emphasises multiple perspectives on reality and subjectivity?
Interpretivism
According to Martens (1987), which way of knowing is the least reliable?
Intuition
According to Kumar (2005), which one of the following is not a characteristic of a hypothesis?
It cannot be verified
Which one of the following factors helps distinguish a concept from a variable?
Measurement
Which philosophical concept is characterised by the belief that objects are a product of the meaning we give them and they do not exist independent of us?
Nominalism
"Younger adults will have faster sprint times than older adults" is an example of which type of hypothesis?
One-tailed hypothesis
In the introduction to a quantitative peer-review journal article, you would typically not find which one of the following features?
Open-ended questions
Which one of the following is not a recognised step in the Scientific Method?
Picking a sample
Which one of the following does not relate to positivisim?
Qualitative method
Which one of the following statements is most accurate?
Qualitative research projects involve a bottom-up approach to theory use
Which of the following are the two main research methods?
Quantitative and Qualitative
Which one of the following is not one of the five common ways of knowing?
Religion
Which one key characteristic of research involves drawing conclusions based on hard evidence gathered from observations?
Research is empirical
Which one of the following typically relates to quantitative research?
Striving for objectivity in research
In the following scenario, which concept is the extraneous variable? An experiment was conducted to examine the relationship between self-oriented perfectionism, other-oriented perfectionism, socially prescribed perfectionism and blood lactate levels in elite soccer players. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory to minimise the potential confounding effects of teammates.
Teammates
Which one of the following features is unique to quantitative research questions?
The question can focus on differences between variables
What is a typical formal definition of ontology?
The study of the nature of existence.
Which one of the following features is common to all common ways of knowing except the Scientific Method?
They are static
Which one common way of knowing is characterised by knowledge based on 'storytelling'?
Tradition