Respiratory Alkalosis Practice Ques

The nurse is obtaining a current medication list from a patient. Which medication should alert the nurse to a possible risk factor for respiratory alkalosis? Anti-inflammatory medication Hypoglycemic medication Hormone replacement therapy Antianxiety medication

Antianxiety medication

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with respiratory alkalosis who reports numbness and tingling of the mouth and fingers. Based on this assessment, which of the patient's laboratory values should the nurse expect to be most likely altered? Calcium Potassium Chloride Sodium

Calcium

Which pharmacologic treatment should the nurse expect to administer to a patient with respiratory alkalosis to restore balance? IV insulin A bronchodilator Diazepam Sodium bicarbonate

Diazepam

A patient is experiencing shortness of breath following a heart attack. Which intervention should the nurse implement? Having the patient breathe into a paper bag Engaging the patient in conversation as a distraction Positioning the patient in an upright sitting position and applying oxygen Instructing the patient to try to take slow, deep breaths

Positioning the patient in an upright sitting position and applying oxygen

Where in the kidneys does the regeneration or reabsorption of bicarbonate in response to changes in pH take place? Nephrons Adrenal glands Ureters Renal tubules

Renal tubules

A college student is being released from the hospital after being treated for anxiety and respiratory alkalosis. The nurse is providing discharge teaching. Which statement by the patient indicates the need for further education? "I can still attend the late-night study sessions, even if it means less sleep before exams." "I will reduce my hours at my part-time job, so I can rest and study for school and not overextend myself." "I can attend a yoga class to learn breathing and relaxation techniques." "I will continue taking the anxiety medications after I leave the hospital."

"I can still attend the late-night study sessions, even if it means less sleep before exams."

A patient has a tendency to develop hyperventilation as a result of anxiety and asks the nurse to explain the signs of this reaction. Which response by the nurse is best? "You will begin to have neuromuscular symptoms and may pass out. If you don't get your breathing under control, you could have a seizure." "Your breathing is rapid, and you begin to feel dizzy. Your hands and feet may cramp, and you may feel like you're going to black out." "The most important thing is to control the hyperventilation before it gets really bad." "Your breathing will become very rapid, and you will have trouble controlling your actions and motions."

"Your breathing is rapid, and you begin to feel dizzy. Your hands and feet may cramp, and you may feel like you're going to black out."

The nurse is caring for a patient who experiences panic attacks frequently. Which intervention is appropriate for this patient? Adjusting ventilator settings to regulate breathing Ordering oxygen supplementation Administering an antianxiety medication as ordered Having the patient rebreathe into a paper bag

Administering an antianxiety medication as ordered

A 16-year-old patient is hyperventilating and showing manifestations of respiratory alkalosis. Which intervention would be most appropriate for the nurse utilize? Firmly instruct the patient to slow down his breathing. Ask the patient what he likes to do with friends. Have the patient blow up a balloon. Have the patient do 10 jumping jacks.

Ask the patient what he likes to do with friends. In adolescent patients, hyperventilation can be controlled with distraction and calming techniques. Engaging the patient in a conversation about various interests and positive topics can help stop hyperventilation and calm anxiety.

The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving mechanical ventilation for the treatment of respiratory alkalosis. Which ventilator setting should the nurse anticipate for this patient? Decrease in oxygen setting Increase in rate of respiration setting Decrease in tidal volume setting Increase in the PEEP setting

Decrease in tidal volume setting

A patient presents with a respiratory rate of 48 breaths/min. The patient has been hyperventilating for the past hour and is experiencing muscle spasms and tremors in her extremities, and cramping in her hands. Which process related to respiratory alkalosis should the nurse recognize as the cause of the neuromuscular symptoms? Extracellular calcium binds with albumin, reducing ionized calcium levels and resulting in neuromuscular excitability. Ionized calcium levels increase, resulting in hyperreflexia and muscle spasms. Increased calcium levels cause a decrease in phosphate levels, causing muscle weakness and spasms. Intravascular calcium levels increase, causing increased reabsorption of bicarbonate. This results in muscle excitability.

Extracellular calcium binds with albumin, reducing ionized calcium levels and resulting in neuromuscular excitability.

A 7-year-old child is experiencing hyperventilation and showing clinical manifestations of respiratory alkalosis, but no neurological impairment. Which action by the nurse provides an appropriate distraction for the child? Having the child count to 10 out loud Having the child do 10 jumping jacks Having the child blow bubbles Applying oxygen as ordered

Having the child blow bubbles

A patient is diagnosed with pneumonia and is admitted for IV antibiotics and treatment for respiratory alkalosis. Which assessment finding most likely contributed to the patient's diagnosis of respiratory alkalosis? Chest computed tomography (CT) scan negative for pulmonary embolism Urinalysis negative for bacteria Hyperthermia caused by infection Sinus tachycardia

Hyperthermia caused by infection

A patient is admitted to a medical floor with a fever and pH of 7.48. Which intervention should the nurse implement? Lowering the lighting and speaking in a calm voice Instructing the patient to breathe into a paper bag Administering supplemental oxygen Engaging the patient in distracting conversation

Lowering the lighting and speaking in a calm voice

The nurse is caring for a 72-year-old patient who is admitted to the emergency department. The patient reports repeated panic attacks during which she experiences a rapid heart rate and feelings of terror, as well as uncontrolled hyperventilation. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) results best correlate with an uncompensated acid-base imbalance that is directly related to the patient's hyperventilation? PaCO2 of 52 mmHg and serum pH of 7.32 PaCO2 of 52 mmHg and serum pH of 7.55 PaCO2 of 32 mmHg and serum pH of 7.55 PaCO2 of 32 mmHg and serum pH of 7.32

PaCO2 of 32 mmHg and serum pH of 7.55

The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient with respiratory alkalosis. Which assessment finding supports this diagnosis? Negative Trousseau reflex Positive Chvostek sign Positive Babinski reflex Negative patellar reflex

Positive Chvostek sign

The nurse should administer antianxiety medications cautiously in older adult patients for which reason? Brain function is slower, and older adult patients are not able to quickly identify the cause of hyperventilation as anxiety. Older adult patients are more likely to become addicted to antianxiety medications. Renal function is slower, and decreasing the rate and depth of respirations may result in inadequate oxygenation. Older adult patients often have vision disturbances and are not able to properly read a medication label.

Renal function is slower, and decreasing the rate and depth of respirations may result in inadequate oxygenation.

A 25-year-old male patient is in the preoperative holding area, about to have an IV started. The patient states that he is very anxious and "hates needles." As the nurse begins to gather supplies, the patient begins to breathe rapidly and forcefully. To prevent manifestations of respiratory alkalosis, which technique should the nurse use to calm the patient? Firmly instruct the patient that he needs to calm down and be still. Tell the patient that his procedure will be canceled if he doesn't calm down. Call the healthcare provider to ask for anxiety medications. Sit at the bedside, and speak calmly to the patient about things in which the patient is interested.

Sit at the bedside, and speak calmly to the patient about things in which the patient is interested.

The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient admitted to the hospital with respiratory alkalosis. Which outcome would be appropriate for this patient? The patient's incision will remain free from infection. The patient will have no further reports of vomiting. The patient will report a pain level of 3 on a 0-10 scale after pain medication administration. The patient will restore a normal respiratory rate and rhythm.

The patient will restore a normal respiratory rate and rhythm.

A patient is being treated for a panic attack. She is hyperventilating, so the nurse instructs her to take slow, regular breaths and breathe into cupped hands. The patient's family member asks why this will help. The nurse's response should be based on which understanding? This causes the patient to retain and rebreathe exhaled carbon dioxide, thus increasing PaO2 and reducing pH. This causes the patient to retain and rebreathe exhaled oxygen, thus increasing PaO2 and reducing pH. This causes the patient to retain and rebreathe exhaled nitrogen, thus increasing HCO3 and reducing pH. This causes the patient to retain and rebreathe exhaled hydrogen, thus increasing HCO3 and reducing pH.

This causes the patient to retain and rebreathe exhaled oxygen, thus increasing PaO2 and reducing pH.

Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result would indicate that respiratory alkalosis has been corrected and is not just compensated? ANSWER pH 7.25, CO2 28 mmHg pH 7.40, CO2 44 mmHg pH 7.35, CO2 60 mmHg pH 7.42, CO2 22 mmHg

pH 7.40, CO2 44 mmHg

Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result should the nurse interpret as indicating respiratory alkalosis? pH 7.32, CO2 45 mmHg pH 7.50, CO2 28 mmHg pH 7.31, CO2 52 mmHg pH 7.48, CO2 55 mmHg

pH 7.50, CO2 28 mmHg