Rheum & HIV & Allergies Quiz Questions
Which is the usual incubation period (from infection to first symptom) for AIDS? 3 to 6 months 1 year 5 years 10 years
10 years
The nurse is working in an allergy clinic with a client with tuberculosis. What other reaction is a type IV hypersensitivity disorder? anaphylaxis allergic rhinitis contact dermatitis atopic dermatitis
contact dermatitis
A nurse is teaching a client who is allergic to ragweed. What season does the nurse advise the client to expect an increase in symptoms? early spring late spring early summer early fall
early fall
The nurse is discussing life management with the client with rheumatoid arthritis in a health clinic. What assessment finding indicates the client is having difficulty implementing self-care? ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) decreased joint pain increased fatigue a weight gain of 2 pounds
increased fatigue
A client asks the nurse how to identify rheumatoid nodules with rheumatoid arthritis. What characteristic will the nurse include? tender to the touch reddened nonmovable located over bony prominence
located over bony prominence
The nurse is teaching a client about histamine release during an anaphylactic reaction. What does histamine release in anaphylaxis cause? nasal congestion feeling of impending doom urinary urgency stomach cramps
nasal congestion
The nurse is caring for a client who has acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS) and has developed oral thrush. What type of infection is the nurse aware that has developed due to the immunocompromised state of the client? Acute Chronic Secondary Opportunistic
Opportunistic
The nurse is performing an admission interview for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. Which finding will the nurse document as abnormal for this client? Select all that apply. Pain Nausea Stiffness Weakness Joint swelling
Pain Stiffness Weakness Joint swelling
The nurse is assessing a client with rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse knows that prolonged inflammation can cause compression of nerves. Which symptoms would accompany this level of involvement? Paresthesias of both hands Limited motion in the wrists Restricted movement in tendons Crepitus when moving major joints
Paresthesias of both hands
A client is experiencing painful joints and changes in the lungs, heart, and kidneys. For which condition will the nurse schedule this client for diagnostic tests? Heart disease Vascular diseases Metabolic disorders Autoimmune disorders
Autoimmune disorders
The nurse is assessing a client with decreased dexterity of the hands related to rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse knows that which process causes joint deformities? Remission Exacerbation Inflammation Autoimmunity
Inflammation
A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing an allergic reaction. What will the nurse identify as resulting from the release of histamine? Pruritus Vasodilation Hypotension Constipation
Pruritus
The nurse knows that a patient who presents with the symptom of "blanching of fingers on exposure to cold" would be assessed for what rheumatic disease? Ankylosing spondylitis Raynaud's phenomenon Reiter's syndrome Sjögren's syndrome
Raynaud's phenomenon
An older adult with rheumatoid arthritis limits going out with others because of the need to use a cane. Which response will the nurse make to this client? "It must be hard to get older." "Everyone will get older at some time." "Invite people over to your home instead." "Look at the cane as maintaining your independence."
"Look at the cane as maintaining your independence."
A client with rheumatoid arthritis arrives at the clinic for a checkup. Which statement by the client refers to the most overt clinical manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis? "My legs feel weak." "My finger joints are oddly shaped." "I have pain in my hands." "I have trouble with my balance."
"My finger joints are oddly shaped."
A client is undergoing diagnostic testing to determine the etiology of recent joint pain. The client asks the nurse about the difference between osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). What is the best response by the nurse? "OA is considered a noninflammatory joint disease. RA is characterized by inflamed, swollen joints." "OA and RA are very similar. OA affects the smaller joints such as the fingers, and RA affects the larger, weight-bearing joints like the knees." "OA originates with an infection. RA is a result of your body's cells attacking one another." "OA is associated with impaired immune function; RA is a consequence of physical damage."
"OA is considered a noninflammatory joint disease. RA is characterized by inflamed, swollen joints."
The nurse is caring for a client experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. The nurse prepares for the maximum intensity of histamine response to occur within which time frame? 5 to 10 minutes 15 to 20 minutes 30 to 35 minutes 40 to 45 minutes
5 to 10 minutes
A nurse is providing care for a client who has a rheumatic disorder. The nurse's focused assessment includes the client's mood, behavior, level of consciousness, and neurologic status. Which diagnosis is most likely for this client? Osteoarthritis (OA) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Gout
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Which client is most likely to develop systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? A 25-year-old White male A 25-year-old Jewish female A 27-year-old Black female A 35-year-old Hispanic male
A 27-year-old Black female
A client is experiencing an acute exacerbation of rheumatoid arthritis. What should the nursing priority be? Providing comprehensive client teaching; including symptoms of the disorder, treatment options, and expected outcomes Administering ordered analgesics and monitoring their effects Performing meticulous skin care Supplying adaptive devices, such as a zipper-pull, easy-to-open beverage cartons, lightweight cups, and unpackaged silverware
Administering ordered analgesics and monitoring their effects
A client asks the nurse how their rheumatoid arthritis is diagnosed. The nurse knows that which finding from diagnostic tests can be used to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis? Boney erosions on x-ray Reduced muscle mass on CT scan Evidence of healed fractures on MRI Atherosclerotic plaques on an arteriogram
Boney erosions on x-ray
The nurse is completing a physical assessment with a client demonstrating signs of rheumatoid arthritis. Which findings will the nurse associate with this condition? Select all that apply. Bruises Dry eyes Headaches Weight loss Thinning hair
Bruises Dry eyes Weight loss Thinning hair
A client is newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. For which medications will the nurse prepare teaching for this client? Select all that apply. Aspirin Ibuprofen Prednisone Methotrexate Acetaminophen
Ibuprofen Prednisone Methotrexate
A client has presented with signs and symptoms that are consistent with contact dermatitis. Which aspect of care should the nurse prioritize when working with this client? Promoting adequate perfusion in affected regions Promoting safe use of topical antihistamines Identifying the offending agent, if possible Teaching the client to safely use an EpiPen
Identifying the offending agent, if possible
The nurse is creating a care plan for a client suffering from allergic rhinitis. What outcome should the nurse identify? Appropriate use of prophylactic antibiotics Safe injection of corticosteroids Improved skin integrity Improved coping with lifestyle modifications
Improved coping with lifestyle modifications
Students are reviewing information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for a class presentation about preventing the transmission of HIV. Which of the following would the students be least likely to include in their presentation? Nonlatex lambskin condoms are highly effective in preventing HIV infection. Male condoms must be used consistently and correctly to be effective. A dental dam is used for oral contact with the vagina or rectum. Circumcision is an effective means to reduce the risk of males acquiring HIV.
Nonlatex lambskin condoms are highly effective in preventing HIV infection.
A client has had several diagnostic tests to determine if he has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What result is very specific indicator of this diagnosis? Positive Anti-dsDNA antibody test Positive Anti-Sm antibodies Positive ANA titer Elevated ESR
Positive Anti-dsDNA antibody test
A client is diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take in order to evaluate the client's stage of disease? Observe the client's gait. Review the client's medical record. Inspect the client's mouth. Auscultate the client's lung sounds.
Review the client's medical record.
There are many ethical issues in the care of clients with HIV or HIV/AIDS. What is an ethical issue healthcare providers deal with when caring for clients with HIV/AIDS? Sharing the diagnosis with a support group Caring for a client who can kill other people Disclosure of the client's condition Caring for a client with an infectious terminal disease
Disclosure of the client's condition
The nurse is reviewing the diagnostic test findings of a client with rheumatoid arthritis. What would the nurse expect to find? Increased red blood cell count Increased C4 complement Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate Increased albumin levels
Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
The nurse is providing education for a client with a new diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which statement will the nurse include in the discussion with the client? Select all that apply. "A rash of the joints is common with rheumatoid arthritis." "Swelling of the joints will occur, causing pain." "You can expected warmth in your joints." "Redness can occur in the skin at the joints." "A symptom of RA will be joint pain on both sides."
"Swelling of the joints will occur, causing pain." "You can expected warmth in your joints." "Redness can occur in the skin at the joints." "A symptom of RA will be joint pain on both sides."
The nurse is teaching a client about rheumatic disease. What statement best helps to explain autoimmunity? "You have inherited your parent's immunity to the disease." "Your symptoms are a result of your body attacking itself." "You have antigens to the disease, but they do not prevent the disease." "You are not immune to the disease causing the symptoms."
"Your symptoms are a result of your body attacking itself."
The nurse is conducting a health history with an older client. Which information indicates to the nurse that the client may be experiencing polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)? Select all that apply. Anorexia Weight gain Sore neck muscles Aching shoulder muscles Body stiffness in the morning
Anorexia Sore neck muscles Aching shoulder muscles Body stiffness in the morning
The nurse is reviewing medications prescribed for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. Which medications will the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client? Select all that apply. Morphine sulfate Aspirin Heparin sodium Ibuprofen Methotrexate
Aspirin Ibuprofen Methotrexate
What intervention is a priority when treating a client with HIV/AIDS? Assessing neurologic status Monitoring skin integrity Assessing fluid and electrolyte balance Monitoring psychological status
Assessing fluid and electrolyte balance
A nurse is providing care for a client who has psoriasis. Following the appearance of skin lesions, the nurse should prioritize what assessment? Assessment of the client's stool for evidence of intestinal sloughing Assessment of the client's apical heart rate for dysrhythmias Assessment of the client's joints for pain and decreased range of motion Assessment for cognitive changes resulting from neurologic lesions
Assessment of the client's joints for pain and decreased range of motion
The nurse is preparing teaching for a client with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which information will the nurse include in these instructions? Select all that apply. Medication therapy Nutritious eating plan Actions to cope with stress Alternative living arrangements Nonpharmacologic pain management techniques
Medication therapy Nutritious eating plan Actions to cope with stress Nonpharmacologic pain management techniques
The nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. What teachings are priorities for the client? Select all that apply. Safe exercise Narcotic safety Medication dosages and side effects Dressing changes Assistive devices
Safe exercise Medication dosages and side effects Assistive devices
An older adult client has a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and has been achieving only modest relief with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). When creating this client's plan of care, which nursing diagnosis would most likely be appropriate? Self-care deficit related to fatigue and joint stiffness Ineffective airway clearance related to chronic pain Risk for hopelessness related to body image disturbance Anxiety related to chronic joint pain
Self-care deficit related to fatigue and joint stiffness
A client with rheumatoid arthritis has infiltration of the lacrimal and salivary glands with lymphocytes as a result of the disease. What does the nurse understand that this clinical manifestation is? Sicca syndrome Episcleritis Glaucoma Cataracts
Sicca syndrome
Which of the following disorders is characterized by an increased autoantibody production? Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Scleroderma Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Polymyalgia rheumatic
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
A student nurse has been assigned to provide basic care for a 58-year-old man with a diagnosis of AIDS-related pneumonia. The student tells the instructor that she is unwilling to care for this client. What key component of critical thinking is most likely missing from this student's practice? Compliance with direction Respect for authority Analyzing information and situations Withholding judgment
Withholding judgment
A nurse is planning the assessment of a client who is exhibiting signs and symptoms of an autoimmune disorder. The nurse should be aware that the incidence and prevalence of autoimmune diseases is known to be higher among which group? Young adults Native Americans/First Nations Women People of Hispanic descent
Women
Which finding is consistent with the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis? Decreased ESR Cloudy synovial fluid Increased red blood cell count Increased C4 complement component
Cloudy synovial fluid
A client has a serum study that is positive for the rheumatoid factor. What will the nurse tell the client about the significance of this test result? It is diagnostic for Sjögren's syndrome. It is diagnostic for systemic lupus erythematosus. It is specific for rheumatoid arthritis. It is suggestive of rheumatoid arthritis.
It is suggestive of rheumatoid arthritis.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis reports disrupted sleep because of pain and stiffness. Which recommendations will the nurse make to help the client achieve restful sleep? Select all that apply. Use relaxation exercises. Establish a set time to sleep every night. Avoid caffeine before bedtime. Create a quiet sleep environment. Take pain medications four hours before sleep.
Use relaxation exercises. Establish a set time to sleep every night. Avoid caffeine before bedtime. Create a quiet sleep environment.
The nurse instructs a client with polymyositis rheumatica (PMR) about prescribed corticosteroids. Which statement regarding corticosteroid is correct? "I will cut the dose in half if I begin gaining weight." "I will take the medication until my symptoms disappear." "I will skip a dose of the medication if I experience gastric upset." "I will take the medication until my health care provider tells me to stop."
"I will take the medication until my health care provider tells me to stop."
An older adult with rheumatoid arthritis says exercise was not effective. Which response will the nurse make to learn the reason for the failure of this treatment approach? "Does exercise usually work for you?" "Why do you think the exercise didn't work?" "Do you think you are too old to exercise?" "What types of exercise were you doing?"
"What types of exercise were you doing?"
The nurse is providing care for a client who has experienced a type I hypersensitivity reaction. Which client would have this type of reaction? A client with an anaphylactic reaction after a bee sting A client with a skin reaction resulting from adhesive tape A client with a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis A client with rheumatoid arthritis
A client with an anaphylactic reaction after a bee sting
A client requires ongoing treatment and infection-control precautions because of an inherited deficit in immune function. The nurse should recognize that this client most likely has which type of immune disorder? A primary immune deficiency A gammopathy An autoimmune disorder A rheumatic disorder
A primary immune deficiency
A client is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. When teaching the client and family about rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse should provide which information? Clients with autoimmune disorders may have false-negative but not false-positive serologic tests. Advanced medical intervention can cure most autoimmune disorders. Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders. Autoimmune disorders are distinctive, aiding differential diagnosis.
Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders.
A client is given a nursing diagnosis of social isolation related to withdrawal of support systems and stigma associated with AIDS. Which outcomes would indicate that the nurse's plan of care was effective? Select all that apply. Client demonstrates beginning participation in events and activities. Client identifies appropriate sources of assistance and support. Client demonstrates knowledge of safer sexual practices. Client verbalizes feelings related to the changes imposed by the disease. Client demonstrates practices to reduce the risk transmission to others.
Client demonstrates beginning participation in events and activities. Client identifies appropriate sources of assistance and support. Client verbalizes feelings related to the changes imposed by the disease.
The nurse in an allergy clinic is educating a new client about the pathology of the client's health problem. What response should the nurse describe as a possible consequence of histamine release? Constriction of small venules Contraction of bronchial smooth muscle Dilation of large blood vessels Decreased secretions from gastric and mucosal cells
Contraction of bronchial smooth muscle
A nurse is performing the admission assessment of a client who has AIDS. What components should the nurse include in this comprehensive assessment? Select all that apply. Current medication regimen Identification of client's support system Immune system function Genetic risk factors for HIV History of sexual practices
Current medication regimen Identification of client's support system Immune system function History of sexual practices
The nurse is caring for a female patient who has an exacerbation of lupus erythematosus. What does the nurse understand is the reason that females tend to develop autoimmune disorders more frequently than men? Androgen tends to enhance immunity. Estrogen tends to enhance immunity. Testosterone tends to enhance immunity. Leukocytes are increased in females.
Estrogen tends to enhance immunity.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is being evaluated for medication therapy. Which testing will the nurse anticipate the client will need before medications are started? Select all that apply. Serum electrolytes Liver function tests Tuberculin skin test Testing for hepatitis B Testing for hepatitis C
Liver function tests Tuberculin skin test Testing for hepatitis B Testing for hepatitis C
A nurse is providing care for a client who has just been diagnosed with early-stage rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse should anticipate the administration of which medication? Hydromorphone Methotrexate Allopurinol Prednisone
Methotrexate
A client's rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has failed to respond appreciably to first-line treatments and the primary provider has added prednisone to the client's drug regimen. What principle will guide this aspect of the client's treatment? The client will need daily blood testing for the duration of treatment. The client must stop all other drugs 72 hours before starting prednisone. The drug should be used at the highest dose the client can tolerate. The drug should be used for as short a time as possible.
The drug should be used for as short a time as possible.
The nurse teaches the client with allergies about anaphylaxis, including which statement? The most common cause of anaphylaxis is penicillin. Anaphylactoid (anaphylaxis-like) reactions are commonly fatal. The most common food item that causes anaphylaxis is chocolate. Systemic reactions include urticaria and angioedema.
The most common cause of anaphylaxis is penicillin.
The nurse assesses soft subcutaneous nodules along the line of the tendons in a patient's hand and wrist. What does this finding indicate to the nurse? The patient has osteoarthritis. The patient has lupus erythematosus. The patient has rheumatoid arthritis. The patient has neurofibromatosis.
The patient has rheumatoid arthritis.
A client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is preparing for discharge. The nurse knows that the client has understood health education when the client makes what statement? "I'll make sure I get enough exposure to sunlight to keep up my vitamin D levels." "I'll try to be as physically active as possible between flare-ups." "I'll make sure to monitor my body temperature on a regular basis." "I'll stop taking my steroids when I get relief from my symptoms."
"I'll make sure to monitor my body temperature on a regular basis."
The nurse is caring for a client with rheumatoid arthritis who suffers with chronic pain in the hands. When would be the best time for the nurse to perform range-of-motion exercises? First thing in the morning when the client wakes After cool compresses have been applied to the hands After the client has had a warm paraffin hand bath After the client has a diagnostic test
After the client has had a warm paraffin hand bath
A client has been diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which statement correctly describes a secondary immune deficiency? The normal protective immune response attacks the body, leading to tissue damage. The body produces inappropriate or exaggerated responses to specific antigens. An interference develops in an already developed immune system. Immune cells or tissues experience an improper development.
An interference develops in an already developed immune system.
A client is experiencing symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis. Which laboratory tests will the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client? Select all that apply. Creatinine Hematocrit Erythrocyte count Rheumatoid factor Antinuclear antibody
Erythrocyte count Rheumatoid factor Antinuclear antibody
The nurse is creating a plan to assist an older adult to manage rheumatoid arthritis. Which areas will the nurse include in this plan? Select all that apply. Exercise Medication Financial assistance Psychological support Modification of daily activities
Exercise Medication Psychological support Modification of daily activities
A nurse's plan of care for a client with rheumatoid arthritis includes several exercise-based interventions. What goal should the nurse prioritize? Maximize range of motion while minimizing exertion. Increase joint size and strength. Limit energy output in order to preserve strength for healing. Preserve or increase range of motion while limiting joint stress.
Preserve or increase range of motion while limiting joint stress.
The result of which diagnostic study is decreased in the client diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis? ESR Red blood cell count Uric acid Creatinine
Red blood cell count
A client with a history of anaphylactic reactions to insect stings has just been stung by a wasp. Place the steps in the correct order that the client will follow for self-administration of an EpiPen. Use all options. Remove the gray safety-release cap Inject the black tip into the outer thigh Massage the injection area Call the emergency medical response number (911)
Remove the gray safety-release cap Inject the black tip into the outer thigh Massage the injection area Call the emergency medical response number (911)
The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted for the treatment of AIDS. In the morning, the client tells the nurse that he experienced night sweats and recently "coughed up some blood." What is the nurse's most appropriate action? Assess the client for additional signs and symptoms of Kaposi sarcoma. Review the client's most recent viral load and CD4+ count. Place the client on respiratory isolation and inform the physician. Perform oral suctioning to reduce the client's risk for aspiration.
Review the client's most recent viral load and CD4+ count.
The nurse is caring for a client with palindromic rheumatism. The nurse knows that this type of rheumatism can lead to which diagnosis? Scleroderma Fibromyalgia Rheumatoid arthritis Systemic lupus erythematosus
Rheumatoid arthritis
The nurse notes that a client is being treated for fibromyalgia. For which additional rheumatic conditions will the nurse analyze the client's health history? Select all that apply. Ostearthritis Psoriatic arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis Systemic lupus erythematosus
Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis Systemic lupus erythematosus
The nurse is gathering data from laboratory studies for a client who has HIV. The clients T4-cell count is 200/mm3, and the client has been diagnosed with Pneumocystis pneumonia. What does this indicate to the nurse? The client has converted from HIV infection to AIDS. The client has advanced HIV infection. The client's T4-cell count has decreased due to the Pneumocystis pneumonia. The client has another infection present that is causing a decrease in the T4-cell count.
The client has converted from HIV infection to AIDS.
The nurse recognizes that rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by: Ulnar deviation Ballottement sign Clonus Fasciculations
Ulnar deviation
A nurse is planning client education for a client being discharged home with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. The client has been prescribed antimalarials for treatment, so the nurse knows to teach the client to self-monitor for what adverse effect? Tinnitus Visual changes Stomatitis Hirsutism
Visual changes
The nurse is creating a teaching tool about rheumatoid arthritis. Which tests will the nurse include that are used to diagnose the condition? Select all that apply. X-rays Arthrography Ultrasound Computed tomography (CT) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
X-rays Arthrography Computed tomography (CT) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Which statement holds true? Untreated genital warts: may resolve on their own, remain unchanged, or increase in size or number. may lead to AIDS. do not resolve on their own and increase in size with abscess formations. do not lead to any other illness and resolve on their own without treatment.
may resolve on their own, remain unchanged, or increase in size or number.
A pediatric client is recovering from an anaphylactic reaction to an allergen which brought him to the ED. The client's mother is quite concerned with the potential reoccurrence of her child's reaction. In attempting to narrow down the possible allergen, it is important to consider that clinical manifestations generally correlate with: route of exposure. skin reactions. respiratory symptoms. systemic effects.
route of exposure.
A client's decreased mobility has been attributed to an autoimmune reaction originating in the synovial tissue, which caused the formation of pannus. This client has been diagnosed with which health problem? Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Osteoporosis Polymyositis
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
An instructor is teaching a group of students about the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and those that must be reported by law. The instructor determines that the students have understood the information when they state that which STI must be reported? Genital herpes Hepatitis B Syphilis Condyloma acuminata
Syphilis
When assisting the client to interpret a negative HIV test result, what does the nurse tell the client that this result means? The body has not produced antibodies to the AIDS virus. The client has not been infected with HIV. The client is immune to the AIDS virus. Antibodies to the AIDS virus are in the client's blood.
The body has not produced antibodies to the AIDS virus.
