Risk Factors for (CAD) Coronary Artery Disease
diabetes mellitus
A condition in which your body can't use insulin properly or can't make enough insulin. This leads to there being too much glucose in your bloodstream.
White
According to the OMH _________men and women have a significantly higher rate of death from heart disease, than American Indians and Alaska Natives.
30
African American men and women in the United States were _________percent more likely to die of heart disease.
120/80 mmHg (systolic/diastolic)
Aim to keep your blood pressure consistently below _________.
systolic pressure
Blood pressure in the arteries during contraction of the ventricles.
Pumping, resting
Blood pressure is a measurement of pressure on the blood vessels when blood is flowing through them in relation to the hearts motion of __________ or ___________.
age
CAD increases as you __________.
one
CAD is recognized as the number _______ killer of U.S people.
55
CAD risk can significantly increase if your father or a brother received received a diagnosis of heart disease before age ______.
65
CAD risk can significantly increase if your mother or sister received diagnosis before age ________.
obesity, diabetes mellitus
Exercise helps you maintain a healthy weight and reduce your risk for other diseases, such as _______ and ________, which might lead to CAD.
plaque build up
High low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and low high -density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are factors that can indicate a serious risk for CAD. Also increase your risk of _______________ in your arteries
high triglyceride
High low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and low high -density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are factors that can indicate a serious risk for CAD. There's additional risk when either one of these is accompanied by a _________________level.
lowering blood pressure, raising HDL cholesterol, strengthening your heart so it works more efficiently
How does exercise help lower your risk of CAD?
losing weight if overweight, exercise regularly, limit alcohol consumption, eat a healthy diet, don't smoke tobacco, manage stress healthily
If blood pressure is high, the AHA recommends that you start with some lifestyle changes that can help lower it:
55
If both of your parents had problems with heart disease before age ________, can significantly increase your risk of CAD.
coexisting
If you have ________risk factors, your CAD risk rises exponentially.
first, secondhand
If you have no other risk factors, smoking tobacco products _____ or ________, increases your risk of CAD.
American Indians, Alaska Natives, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders
In the United States, heart disease is the leading cause of death for most ethnicities. According to the CDC, heart disease is second only to cancer as cause of death among:
Type 2, obesity and high cholesterol
Other risk factors for CAD often accompany type _________ diabetes, including ________ and __________.
enlarge, not move correctly
Over time, high blood pressure/hypertension can cause the heart muscle to __________ and __________.
25 or greater
Risk for CAD increases when an overweight person's BMI level is_______ especially if you have excess weight around the midsection.
45
Risk of CAD for men increases at age __________.
55
Risk of CAD for women increases at age ___________.
130 mmHg; 80 mmHg
Stage I hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure over __________, diastolic blood pressure over ________, or both.
2-3 months
The hemoglobin Alc is a measure of your average blood glucose control over the the prior ___________.
high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes mellitus
The increased risk of heart disease in some ethnicities is associated with increased rates of _______, ________, and _________.
smoking, cholesterol levels, hypertension, physical activity level, weight (overweight or obese) Diabetes mellitus
What are the controllable risk factors for CAD?
Age, gender, ethnicity, family history (genetics)
What are uncontrollable risk factors for CAD?
Cancer
What is the #2 killer in the U.S?
lack of diagnosis; under treated
Women are at greater risk of CAD due to ___________, and ________.
18.5,24.9
Your body mass index (BMI), a measure of weight to height, should stay between ________ and ________.
<100 mg/dL
Your fasting blood glucose should be less than _________.
5.7
Your hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc) should be less than ________%
African American
________ men and women in the United States were 30 percent more likely to die of heart disease.
80
_________% of people over 80yrs old have some form of cardiovascular disease.
high; low
___________ low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and _______high -density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are factors that can indicate a serious risk for CAD.
Systolic
__________blood pressure is the top number.
Systole
contraction phase of the heartbeat
Diastolic
pressure within the walls of arteries when the left ventricle is at rest
Dystole
relaxation phase of the heart beat
higher
your fasting glucose should be less than 100 mg/dL. Your hemoglobin Al c (HbAIc) should be less than 5.7%. If either your blood sugar or your HbAl c is any _______than those values, you have a greater risk of developing diabetes mellitus or may already have it.
