SCI 1030 Week 1 - Chapters 1, 2, & 4
What type of membrane lines many joints of the skeletal system?
synovial
Which body membrane would be found lining the inside of the knee joint?
synovial membrane
Which of the following is not a function of connective tissue? Check all that apply. (1) - physical support - physical protection - storage of adipocytes and calcium - transport via the blood - absorption of nutrients
(1) absorption of nutrients
Chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate during prophase
False; chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate during metaphase.
With increasing age, epithelia tend to get thinner but connective tissues get thicker and stronger.
False; connective tissue loses strength and resiliency with increasing age
Like neurons, epithelial cells are irreplaceable once damaged.
False; epithelia have a high regenerative capacity
The selective permeability of the plasma membrane allows all substances to pass through the membrane, ensuring that the inside and outside of the cell have a similar chemical composition.
False; selective permeability ensures that only certain substances are allowed to pass through the plasma membrane
The nucleus forms a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell.
False; the cell membrane forms a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell
The nucleus is surrounded by a single lipid bilayer, just like the cell
False; the nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope, which is composed of two lipid bilayer membranes.
Mesenchyme is located only in the umbilical cord.
False; the two types of embryonic connective tissue are mesenchyme and mucous connective tissue
When chromatin is condensed, gene expression is likely taking place.
False; when chromatin is condensed, it is not accessible by the enzymes involved in transcription and therefore gene expression is likely not occurring in these regions
The scientists from around 400 B.C. who is considered the "Father of Medicine" is
Hippocrates
All connective tissue contains three basic components: cells, protein fibers, and ground substance.
True
Cytoplasm contains the cytosol
True
Nervous tissue can be found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
True
The anatomic position refers to the position in which a person is standing upright facing the observer, feet parallel and flat on the floor, and palms facing forward
True
The study of tissues is called histology.
True
A multicellular exocrine gland consists of
acini and at least one duct
If you study that the wall of the small intestine is composed of smooth muscle, you are practicing the study of
anatomy
Using an anatomic directional term, the stomach is ______________ to the spinal cord.
anterior
In the anatomical position, the palms face
anteriorly
The head, neck, and trunk make up the __________ region of the body.
axial
The ____________ components of glycoproteins and glycolipids usually act as identification molecules that are specifically recognized by other cells.
carbohydrate
Which of the following is not a component of the cytoplasm?
chromatin
The tissue shown below can be classified as _______________ tissue, one of the four major tissue types in the body.
connective
Which tissue type contains varying amounts of extracellular matrix?
connective
The highlighted structures are major components of an organ system. What is the function of that organ system?
control center of the body
Starting in the 1800s, scientists used frozen cadaver specimens, a technique referred to as ___________.
cryotechnology
Which body membrane protects the body from water loss and harm to internal organs?
cutaneous
The microscopic study of cells is called ______________.
cytology
This type of connective tissue is found in the walls of arteries, true vocal cords, and the trachea. It is ___________ connective tissue.
elastic
The abdominopelvic region that is the superior region in the middle column, and typically contains the duodenum, part of the liver, and part of the stomach is the _________________ region.
epigastric
The type of active transport in which large molecules are secreted from the cell is called ______________.
exocytosis
A student views a micrograph of a cell. She observes a membrane-bound organelle with stacked cisternae, some of which appear to form membrane vesicles that travel to another area of the cell. The student is likely viewing a
golgi apparatus
Which one of the following is proximal to the knee joint?
hip
Where would this type of connective tissue be found?
intervertebral discs
The plasma membrane is composed of an approximately equal measure of protein and ____________.
lipids
If a cell has a relatively high energy need, it would likely have _____________ mitochondria than a cell with lower energy need.
more
What type of membrane lines internal body passages that eventually open to the external environment?
mucous
Nervous tissue consists of glial cells and ________________.
neurons
Which type of transport involves the passive diffusion of water?
osmosis
What is the name of the highlighted membrane?
parietal peritoneum
The study of changes in anatomy during disease is called
pathologic anatomy
The process of ____________ involves preserving human specimens using reactive polymers.
plastination
If you are cold, and your body alters the circulation near the skin in order to conserve heat, what characteristic of life is this representing?
regulation
Which of the following is not an example of an inclusion?
ribosomes
If you wanted to see a detailed three-dimensional image of the surface of a cell, which type of microscope would you use?
scanning electron microscope (SEM)
Which type of epithelium is shown in this figure?
simple epithelium
The type of epithelium that would best allow rapid diffusion, osmosis, or filtration is _____________ epithelium.
simple squamous
The type of epithelial tissue that is only one cell layer thick is called _____________; the type of epithelial tissue that is two or more cell layers thick is called _______________.
simple; stratified
This is an image of which type of muscle tissue?
skeletal muscle tissue
What is the name of the highlighted membrane?
visceral pericardium
Check all of the statements that are true regarding keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. (2) - Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is typically found lining the oral cavity. - Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium forms the epidermis of the skin. - In keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue, the cells on the apical (outer) surface are dead.
(1) Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium forms the epidermis of the skin (2) In keratinized stratified squamous epithelial tissue, the cells on the apical (outer) surface are dead
Check all that occur as a result of aging. (2) - cells experience increased metabolic functions - cells experience a decreased ability to maintain homeostasis - the process of cell division becomes faulty, resulting in a greater risk for cancer - the risk for unsuccessful completion of sex cell division and maturation decreases
(1) cells experience a decreased ability to maintain homeostasis, (2) the process of cell division becomes faulty, resulting in a greater risk for cancer
Check all of the statements that are correct regarding the classification of exocrine glands. (3) -simple glands always have a single, unbranched secretory portion - compound glands have branched ducts - tubular glands have uniform diameter of the duct and secretory portions - acinar glands have secretory tubules - a gland whose secretory cells form an expanded sac is an acinar gland
(1) compound glands have branched ducts, (2) tubular glands have uniform diameter of the duct and secretory portions, & (3) a gland whose secretory cells form an expanded sac is an acinar gland
Which of the following cells have "storage" as one of their primary functions? Check all that apply (2) - fat cells - lymphocytes - liver cells - epidermal cells
(1) liver cells & (2) fat cells
Which of the following are characteristics of all living things? Check all that apply (4) - has a brain - metabolism - reproduction - adaptation - mobility - regulation
(1) metabolism, (2) reproduction, (3) adaptation, & (4) regulation
Which of the following statements are true regarding the structure and functions of nervous tissue? Check all that apply. (3) - nervous tissue contains neurons and glial cells - glial cells are responsible for information processing, control, and internal communication - neurons are often the longest cells in the body due to the length of the axons - the short, branched processes that extend from the neuron cell body are called dendrites
(1) nervous tissue contains neurons and glial cells, (2) neurons are often the longest cells in the body due to the length of the axons, & (3) the short, branched processes that extend from the neuron cell body are called dendrites
Check all that are a type of passive transport. (4) - osmosis - facilitated diffusion - bulk transport - simple diffusion - ion pumps - bulk filtration
(1) osmosis, (2) facilitated diffusion, (3) simple diffusion, & (4) bulk filtration
Check all that are a component of the thoracic cavity. (3) - abdominal cavity - pericardial cavity - pelvic cavity - mediastinum - pleural cavity
(1) pericardial activity, (2) mediastinum, (3) pleural cavity
Select all that are true of epithelial tissue. (2) - the basal surface is usually exposed to internal body spaces - they are almost completely composed of cells - epithelia have a good blood supply - they allow for sensation and detection of the surrounding environment
(1) they are almost completely composed of cells, (2) they allow for sensation and detection of the surrounding environment
Select all that are a part of the endocrine system. (2) - thymus gland - trachea - salivary gland - pancreas
(1) thymus gland & (2) pancreas
A serous membrane is composed of mesothelium and an underlying layer of connective tissue.
True
Allowing oxygen to diffuse through the cell membrane, but rejecting a large protein from passing, is an example of selective permeability.
True
Cells are signaled to self destruct in a process called apoptosis.
True
DNA molecules replicate during interphase
True
Desmosomes provide resistance to mechanical stress at a single point.
True
The SEM (scanning electron microscope) allows for higher resolution as compared to light microscopy.
True
The component of the cell that serves as the control center of cellular activities is the _____________.
nucleus
The scientific discipline that studies the function of body structures is called _________________.
physiology
The type of muscle tissue that would be found in the wall of the bladder is ______________ muscle tissue.
smooth
Where would this type of muscle tissue be found?
wall of heart