Science 11-12

What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?

Initiates the contraction of the heart

Where does the fertilization of the egg occur?

Oviduct

How is it that red blood cells can bind oxygen in the lungs but then offload it near body cells that need it?

Oxygen diffuses into or out of the blood following its concentration gradient.

How do the muscles in your arm extend your arm outward?

Some muscles in your arm relax and others contract, pulling the arm straight.

From production through ejaculation, which is the correct pathway for a sperm cell?

Testis → Epididymis → Vas Deferens → Seminal Vesicles → Prostate Gland → Penis

What is the purpose of dialysis treatments?

To detoxify dangerous chemicals in the bloodstream

Which is not a function of the circulatory system?

To produce and store all of the immune system cells

How is an adaptive defense initially primed?

Upon exposure to a foreign antigen

What would happen if the sensory neurons in your hand could not transmit a signal?

You could move your fingers but you could not feel something touch them.

at what level is biodiversity often studied and measured

all of these (diversity of species in a community, genes in a population, and ecosystems on the planet)

the term interface can be used to describe the surface across which molecules and ions are exchanged, often diffusing between external and internal environments or between organ systems. What part of the respiratory system forms the interface between the respiratory system and the circulatory system?

alveoli

all living things need nitrogen. How does nitrogen enter the living portion of an ecosystem

atmospheric N2 taken in by soil bacteria

Which of the following is not an example of an abiotic factor

bacteria

Using sunflower plants to naturally remove heavy toxins from contaminated soil is an example of ___

bioremediation

what can a populations age pyramid tell you about current and future needs

both of these (how many schools to build or close down and how many workers will be needed to support retirees)

How does an increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases increase global temperatures?

by preventing some of the heat from escaping the planets surface

an essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body ___

cannot make by itself

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, "___ is the most frequently reported bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the United States." It is estimated that 1 in 15 sexually active females aged between 14 and 19 years has this infection.

chlamydia

All living things need carbon. How does carbon enter the living portion of an ecosystem?

Atmospheric CO2 taken in by photosynthesis

Select the correct sequence for the pathway of blood through the heart.

Body → Right Atrium → Right Ventricle → Lungs → Left Atrium → Left Ventricle → Body

Which of the following statements about bones is false?

Bones are dry and dead, made up of calcium and connective fibers with a few blood vessels running through them.

There are many organs and glands of the endocrine system, but which one is the master controller?

hypothalamus

Counting the number of turtle nests along a beach to determine if a recent oil spill had affected the local population is an example of ___ science

hypothesis-driven

What type of disorder is AIDS?

immunodeficiency

A sudden natural catastrophe resulting in massive die-offs would be categorized as a density- ________ limiting factor.

independent

The Asian kudzu bug (Megacopta cribaria) arrived in Atlanta in 2009 and is quickly spreading across the South. In addition to eating kudzu, it also eats soybeans and can decimate entire crops. The kudzu bug is a type of ____ species.

invasive

Why is an estuary considered an intermediate biome

it is the transition zone between freshwater and saltwater biomes

what type of species, if removed from the community, could lead to the collapse of the entire community?

keystone species

which growth model would you expect to see in a stable population

logistic

Which of the following is NOT part of your innate immune system?

lymphocytes

The tendency of toxins to accumulate in top predators is called biological ____

magnification

There have been several mass extinctions in the planet's history, such as the extinction of the dinosaurs, but the current mass extinction is different. Greater numbers of species are now going extinct faster than ever before. Also unique to the current mass extinction is the cause. What is causing the current mass extinction?

mans direct activities

which of the following is true (mechanical and chemical digestion)

mechanical and chemical digestion both occur in the mouth and stomach

Vaccines can convey long-term immunity because they stimulate the production of ___.

memory cells

response to a stimulus, such that the effect of the stimulus is counteracted, is called ___ feedback

negative

there are little birds that spend a great deal of time on the back of a rhinoceros and eat the blood sucking ticks out of the rhino's ears. Answer the following question regarding these creatures' relationships. The thick-rhino relationship is an example of ___

paratism

A person may feel the need to wear a heavy jacket in the fall when the temperature first drops into the 50s. That same person may be wearing short sleeves when the temperature rises into the 50s by the end of the winter. This gradual acclimation to cold weather is a(n) ________ response to changing environmental conditions.

physiological

___ refers to how a body system functions

physiology

The buildup of soil on bare rock by the decomposition of early colonizers is characteristic of ___ succession.

primary

a biome characterized by warm, fairly dry climate that primarily contains grasses with scattered isolated trees is a ____

savanna

Sensory receptor cells convert a stimulus, such as an odor molecule or light, into an electrical signal that is conveyed to the nervous system. This process is called ___.

signal transduction

connective tissue is the most variable of the tissue types. which one of the following is not categorized as connective tissue

skin

most of the absorption of nutrients (besides water) takes place in the __

small intestine

All ecosystems need energy. What is the originating source for most of the energy that powers ecosystems on this planet?

solar energy

The responsible management (use and conservation) of the earth's resources indefinitely using science-driven policies and practices is called ________.

sustainable development

Following an injury to your hand, the injured area appears red and swollen. It feels painful and warm to the touch. What is the cause of these symptoms?

the inflammatory response

terrestrial biomes are defined in a large part by ___

the plants that live there

How might the removal of a wetland affect a nearby city

wetlands reduce flooding