Science chapter 4
Heating a substance ____ thermal energy. The particles move ______ and father apart, causing the substance to change states.
Adds/faster
How is radiation different from convection and conduction?
Both conduction and convection need matter for heating. Radiation does not. It can happen without particles directly touching or moving.
A ______ is the amount of thermal energy needed to rise the temperature of 1 g of water 1 degree Celsius
Calorie
Thermal energy is measured in ?
Calories
Temperature is usually measured in degrees Fahrenheit or _____
Celsius
Fossils fuels include ____, crude oil, and natural gases.
Coal
Cooking on a stovetop or eating a Popsicle usually involves...
Conduction
Heat transfer that occurs when particles of substances bump into or touch each other is called...
Conduction
Boiling water or heating a room often involves...
Convection
Heat transfer that occurs when particles of a substance carry thermal energy as they move from one place to another called...
Convection
___________________ are caused by heated pArticles rising while cooler particles sink. Those particles get heated and rise while the ones at the top that have cooled off sink. The process continuously repeats.
Convection currents
______ is the ability to work
Energy
Almost every substance _______ when heated and ______ when cooled
Expands/Contracts
TRUE/FALSE Solids are usually heated by CONVECTION.
FALSE = conduction
CONVECTION can occur in empty space.
FALSE = radiation
___________ formed when the remains of plants and animals were buried quickly during the Genesis Flood.
Fossil fuels
When a warmer substance transfers heat to cooler substance, the cooler substance _____ thermal energy and the warmer substance ____ thermal energy.
Gains/loses
Convection usually occurs in liquids and _____.
Gases
The transfer, or movement of thermal energy from one substance to another is called....
Heat
Substances that allow heat to move through them easily are cAlled...
Insulators
Enrgy that an object has because of its motion is called...
Kinetic energy
Cooling a substance causes it to ____ thermL energy. The particles move ______ and are attracted to each other more, causing the substance to change states.
Lose/slower
How does mass affect thermal energy?
More mass means that the substance has a greater number of particles, so it would have a greater total kinetic energy, or thermal energy.
How does temperature effect thermal energy?
Particles in a substance move faster when the temperature increases. A higher temperature means the substance has more thermal energy then when it is at a lower temperature.
Wood, bricks, glass, _______, and air are examples of insulators.
Plastic
Give one way that unwanted Heat can be removed from an object?
Possible answers: a radiator and a fan remove unwanted Heat from the engine of a car. A fan is used in computers to remove unwanted Heat. Blood and sweat help the human body to rid itself of extra Heat.
What are some ways fuels are used?
Possible answers: heating,cooking, drying things, making other products, transportation.
Give an example of how thermal expansion has been used for good and wise stewardship in Gods's world?
Possible answers: movement of liquid in liquid thermometers or/and design of spaces between sections of sidewalks, bridges, and roads for expansion.
Stored energy, or energy that an object has becuSe of its postition or condition, is called....
Potential energy
Heat transfer that occurs when there are no particles to carry the energy is called ...
Radiation
If you stand a few feet way from a campfire or hold your hand over a glowing light bulb, you feel the effects of...
Radiation
A FUEL is any substance that releases energy when it burns.
TRUE
SOLAR RADIATION is an important source of heat and light for the earth.
TRUE
TRUE/FALSE Metals such as copper, silver, or aluminum are good CONDUCTORS.
TRUE
The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance is called...
Temperature
The thermal energy of a substance is determined by its ________ and ____
Temperature/Mass
The total kinetic energy of the particles in a substance is called...
Thermal energy
The ability of a substance's particles to move faster and expand without changing states is called _____
Thermal expansion
Temperature is measured with a ?
Thermometer
Heat always flows from a ______ substance to a ______ substance.
Water/cooler
