Science

Which process continually adds new ocean floor?

a process called sea-floor spreading continually adds new material to the ocean floor.

What is a plate (Include what parts of the geosphere make up the plate)? What plates float on top of which part of the geosphere?

a section of the lithosphere that slowly moves over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust. Transform Boundaries, Divergent Boundaries, and Convergent Boundaries.

Explain the theory of plate tectonics. According to the theory what causes tectonic plates to move?

geological theory that states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in constant, slow motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle. Plates case plate tctonics to move

What occurs at deep-ocean trenches?

process by which ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is called subduction

What is the importance of the Glomar Challenger expedition?

the purpose of the Glomar Challenger was scientific exploration.

Define fossil

A fossil is any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock.

Which type of crust (continental and oceanic) is densest and why? If oceanic crust collides into oceanic crust, what happens? If continental crust collides with continental crust, what happens? What happens if continental crust collides with oceanic crust?

2 oceanic plates - the one that is more dense dives under the other plate and returns to the mantle (subduction). 1 oceanic plate & 1 continental plate - the more dense oceanic crust plunges below the continental plate (subduction). 2 continental plates - subduction does not take place - neither is dense enough to sink, instead, they crash together and form mountains.

What 3 pieces of did Alfred Wegener use to prove his hypothesis? What 3 pieces of did Harry Hess use to prove his hypothesis?

Alfred wegener uses this Information to prove his hypothesis Landforms, Fossils, Climate. Harry hess uses this Information to prove his hypothesis Evidence from ocean-floor material, Evidence from magnetic strips, Evidence from drilling samples.

How did Alvin, the submersible, help Hess prove the sea floor spreading hypothesis?

Alvin, a small submersible, traveled to the central valley of the mid-ocean ridge. Scientists found rocks that only form when molten material hardens quickly after erupting under water. Repeated eruptions

Who is Alfred Wegener and why is he important? Who is Harry Hess and why is he important?

He is a German scientist that came up with the theory of continental drift. He is a scientist that made the theory of plate titonics.

Who is Marie Tharp and why is she important?

Marie Tharp was an American geologist that helped make plate titonics a theory

What technologies/machines helped scientist confirm the continental drift hypothesis and the Sea Floor Spreading hypothesis?

Mations that belped the contental drift was climate. Machines that helped sea floor spreading was drilling samples

What is the mid-ocean ridges? What important process occurs there? Where is it found?

Mid-ocean ridge, the longest chain of mountains in the world. molten material rises from the mantle and erupts. The molten material then spreads out, pushing older rock to both sides of the ridge. Its found in the pasific ocean

What is Pangaea? Who first talked about it?

Pangaea is one big continent that was on earth millions of years ago. Alfread wegner was the first to talk about it

Describe the process of subduction. Where does it occur?

Subduction = process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle. Convection currents push new crust away from the ridge and toward a deep-ocean trench. It occurs at the bottom of the ocean.

Describe the continental drift hypothesis. Describe the sea floor spreading hypothesis.

The continental drift hypothesis-all the continents were once joined together in a single landmass or supercontinent (Pangaea - all lands) and have since drifted apart. The sea floor spreading hypothisis-the idea that ocean floors move like conveyor belts, carrying the continents along. The movement begins at the mid-ocean ridge, which forms along a crack in oceanic crust.

Explain how rift valleys and mountain ranges form.

They form by convergent bonderys

Describe how transform, divergent, and convergent boundaries move. Name and describe the landform(s) that is created and/or destroyed at each boundary.

Transform goes side to side and creats earth quakes, divergent goes away and cases Rift Valleys, and convergent goes toward each othe wich makes vocanos and mountains.