Sciences 1
Postmortem physical changes include which of the following? I. algor mortis II. decomposition III. livor mortis IV. rigor mortis
1 and 3
Postmortem physical changes include which of the following? I. algor mortis II. decomposition III. livor mortis IV. rigor mortis
1 and 3
Which of the following are common causes of post-mortem dehydration? I. Refrigeration II. Using massage cream III. Using strong fluids IV. Using humectants fluid
1 and 3
Which of the following are common causes of post-mortem dehydration? I. Refrigeration II. Using massage cream III. Using strong fluids IV. Using humectants fluid
1 and 3
Which of the following reduces arterial fluid retention in the body and tissues? I. open/continuous drainage II. restricted drainage III. embalming fluid purge IV. low rate of flow
1 and 3
Which of the following statements are true about formaldehyde? I. it coagulates the blood II. it adds moisture to the tissue III. has an irritating odor IV. it is a liquid at room temperature
1 and 3
Another name for an autopsy is: I. necropsy II. biopsy III. postmortem examination
1 and 3 only
Of the following sets of remains, which are not required to be placed into refrigeration within 48 hours of receipt by a crematory? I. Embalmed and casketed remains II. Unembalmed remains in an alternative container III. Decomposed but unembalmed remains in an alternative container IV. Embalmed remains in an alternative container
1 and 4
What would/could you expect to see if someone died from congestive heart failure? I. edema in feet and hands II. no livor mortis in head III. intense livor mortis in head IV. vessels (jugular vein) engorged
1, 3, and 4
Which of the following methods would be the BEST way to embalm with poor circulation? I. use the common carotid to start II. use the femoral (iliac) as primary injection site III. place hands down at sides to promote distribution IV. use strong, well coordinated fluid
1, 3, and 4
Which of the following may require permission from the family in addition to permission for embalming? I. bathing the body II. shaving the body III. posing features IV. adjusting protruding teeth
2 and 4
What would be the order of operations used to prepare a body that has lacerations on the face and head? I. Embalm the body II. Use tack sutures to hold loose skin flaps in place III. Wax over lacerations IV. Glue/suture lacerations
2, 1, 4, 3
When injecting a body with a left black eye the embalmer can: I. perform a split injection and drainage II. raise the right and left carotid to control swelling III. inject a stronger solution with less volume IV. inject phenol into the ecchymotic area to bleach and reduce swelling
2, 3, and 4
Which of the following are objectives for embalming? I. desiccation II. disinfection III. preservation IV. restoration
2, 3, and 4
Which of the following closure techniques, following a cranial autopsy, is best when preparing an infant: I. Calvarian clamps II. Suturing the skull and skull cap back together III. Inverted (worm) suture IV. Double-strand, waxed ligate V. Dental floss (or single-strand waxed ligate)
2, 3, and 5
What is the limit established by OSHA for formaldehyde exposure in any 15-minute period?
2.0ppm
If you consider the thoracic and abdominal aortas as one section, how many sections is the aorta generally divided into?
3
there are how many tunics for an artery?
3
The embalming analysis results in insufficient arterial solution strength due to ammonia and nitrogenous wastes present in the tissues. Which of the following would be appropriate to address this issue? I. add a humectant to the solution II. add additional water to the solution III. use a higher index arterial fluid IV. add a higher index arterial to the existing solution
3 and 4
A 30 index fluid would have:
30g of HCHO gas per 100ml of solution
The minimum amount of cavity fluid that should be placed into the viscera bag is:
32oz
What is the generally accepted temperature for a refrigeration unit meant for storage of deceased human remains?
40 F
What is the average volume of blood in an adult human body?
5 quarts
Determine the length of the decedents nose given the following information. Picture measurements: width of eye-8mm, length of nose-18mm, width of nose-7mm, width of mouth- 12mm. Actual width of the deceased's eye is 28mm.
63mm
What is the average height of an adult?
7 heads
What is the pH range of normal blood?
7.3-7.5
If the measurement of the eye is 1 ½ inches wide, the face at its widest part will measure:
7.5 inches
An unfinished wood box, or other non-metal receptacle or enclosure, with our without ornamentation or a fixed interior lining, which is designed for the encasement of human remains and which is made of fiberboard, pressed-wood or composition materials (with or without an outside covering) is called a/an:
ALternative container
Which of the following is caused by the removal of the epidermis by friction?
Abrasion
Those markings that develop over time as a result of repetitious use of certain muscles:
Acquired Facial Markings
In order to repatriate remains back to their home country, the following paperwork will most likely be needed for transportation:
All of the above
People who die from renal failure have:
All of the above
A material or technique used to secure tissues or restorative materials into a fixed position:
Anchor
The proper name for a VA form 27-2008 is:
Application for the United States flag for burial purposes
When treating a death due to external exanguination, an important co-injection choice for the treatment of this type of discoloration is:
Arterial Dye
What describes the disinfection and preservation accomplished by the injection of chemicals into the blood and lymph vascular systems as a means of reaching the tissues and cells?
Arterial Embalming
The best outcome when treating a discoloration of the hand due to an ecchymosis, without swelling, is:
Arterial injection followed by a formaldehyde based cavity surface pack
A purpose for which cavity fluids would LEAST likely be recommended:
Arterial injections
a purpose for which cavity fluids would least likely be recommended:
Arterial injections
The vessel of choice for injecting the right arm, if the right subclavian artery was not left intact by the pathologist, would be the:
Axillary
What is a network of stitches that cross over one another in a weaved fashion most often used in deep tissue restoration to anchor the wax in the area of the deep wound or excision?
Basket weave suture
Hematology is the study of:
Blood
Whooping cough is caused by which of the following?
Bordetella Pertussis
Which pigment cosmetic is best used to reproduce the shadow areas of the face:
Brown, or at least two shades darker than the foundation/base coat
The principle muscle(s) of the cheek, which makes up part of the angulus oris eminences:
Buccinator
A disposition permit which is a legal document issued by a governmental agency, authorizing transportation and/or disposition of a dead human body is referred to as a/an:
Burial transit permit
The "but for" event(s) on a death certificate describe:
Cause of death
Families wishing to place items into cremation caskets or alternative containers will submit instructions as to whether or not said items will remain with the decedent or be removed prior to cremation. Where would this information be documented?
Cremation authorization form
The proper form needed to schedule military honors and apply for Veteran's benefits is called:
DD-214
What is noticeable after embalming as brown spots on the face?
Desiccation Marks
Separation of the dermis and the epidermis after death is called:
Desquamation
To obtain a flag for burial purposes, the funeral home can take a completed VA flag form to:
Either the local VA office or the local Post office
Viewing remains for the purpose of identification should include, at minimum, all of the following except:
Embalming
If the common carotid artery is severed, which artery is the best choice for injection of the head:
External carotid artery
An ecchymosis is a(n):
Extravascular discoloration
The distance from the base of the nose to the base of the chin is equal to the distance from the base of the nose to the:
Eyebrow
HCHO is known as:
Formaldehyde
The discoloration resulting when HCHO reacts with hemoglobin in the tissues is called:
Formaldehyde gray
An aqueous solution of HCHO often prepared at 37% HCHO by mass and 40% by volume is known as:
Formalin
The _____ bone makes up the anterior 1/3 of the cranium.
Frontal
Mycology is the study of:
Fungi
Which blood vessel is considered to be the longest vein of the body?
Great saphenous vein
What describes an elongated depression on a relatively level plane or surface?
Groove
A midline incision that runs from the base of the neck to the base of the sternum would be used in harvesting:
Heart
What is the outer rim of the ear called?
Helix
Which of the following organisms survives the longest within deceased human remains?
Hep B
Advanced rigor mortis is detrimental to the embalming process because it:
Hinders fluid distribution
What embalming coinjection chemical can be added to your embalming solution to impart moisture?
Humectant
Which of the following methods would NOT maintain normal moisture content?
Hypertonic solution
What is the antemortem and/or postmortem intravascular process of blood settling to the dependent, or lowest, parts of the body?
Hypostasis
White garments, a veil, and a green sash are ceremonial clothes associated with which faith?
Latter Day saints
The most common order of embalming an autopsy case would start with the:
Legs
Any traumatic or pathological change in the structure of the skin is the definition of:
Lesion
The muscle(s) responsible for raising the upper lip and dilating the nostrils:
Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi
To be considered an alternative container for cremation, several specifications must be met. Select the option below that isn't one of them.
Lined with cloth
Which of the following is considered the most intense natural warm color area of the face:
Lips
Which one of the following discolorations would respond well to arterial embalming?
Liver mortis
All of the following are known to be "restorative art" sutures except:
Lock
The area of the body that first exhibits the yellowish-greenish discoloration associated with early decomposition:
Lower right quadrant
the opening into which an arterial tube is inserted is called the:
Lumen
If there is valve damage to the heart, particularly the aortic semilunar valve, an embalmer can expect:
Lung Purge
All of the following are bones of the cranium except:
Maxilla
The small bony projection at the median line of the chin is called the:
Mental eminence
Bacteria belong to which kingdom?
Monera
All of the following are true statements regarding the Social Security Lump-Sum Death Benefit that needs to be explained to families EXCEPT:
Must be applied for within 1 year of the date of death
Those markings that we have a genetic predisposition for, which may not be immediately visible at birth or even through childhood, but will become more prominent as a person matures:
Natural facial markings
The foramen magnum is an opening that is important to the reattachment of a decapitation. It is located in which bone?
Occipital
All of the following are major classifications of wax except:
Opaque wax
Acquired furrows that radiate from the lateral corners of the eye onto the side of the face are known as:
Optic facial sulci
Which of the following is a muscle of the eye:
Orbicularis oculi
Which of the following is restricted in their casket selection, due to their religious belief?
Orthodox Jewish
A danger in hypodermic tissue building is
Overfilling the injection area
Using reasonable care, which of the following implants should an embalmer remove prior to cremation?
Pacemaker
Which of the following is a false statement in regards to pacemaker removal?
Pacemaker removal is an optional procedure requiring no special permission
This facial marking extends between the columna nasi and the medial portion of the superior margin of the mucous membrane:
Philtrum
The discoloration considered to be most permanent is:
Postmortem extravascular discoloration
What is used to dry and set foundations?
Powder
For someone who died by hanging which one would NOT be a good method for embalming:
Preinjection
In class we discussed several methods for treating jaundice as no one method will work for every case. We did discuss, however, that the primary goal will always be _____________ and a secondary goal is _____________:
Preservation; Counter staining
What is the primary passage of embalming solution from capillaries to tissue spaces mixing with interstitial fluid?
Pressure filtration
This muscle covers the bridge of the nose.
Procerus
Which of the following is a muscle of the nose?
Procerus
Protrusion of the jaws is called:
Prognathism
What is the most difficult goal to achieve in facial restoration?
Projection
Pre-embalming treatment of blisters includes:
Puncture and drain b listers; remove loose skin
Eligibility and determination of dollar amounts that a family can expect to receive in social security benefits is determined by:
Quarters of coverage
A family has a visitation and service in Mesa, Arizona. Upon conclusion of the service, the family wants to send their loved one back to Cincinnati, Ohio for burial, without any services. The proper fee the funeral home in Cincinnati would charge the family is called:
Receiving remains from another funeral home
Jaundice discolorations should be covered with what pigment?
Red based
Which is a reason for leaving the sutures closed while injecting a long bone donor?
Reduces overexposure to HCHO
Which nasal profile is described as having a hump along its anterior ridge?
Roman
Burns that have formed blisters are classified as:
Second degree
What is the best method for closing the mouth of a deceased infant?
Suture through the mandible/maxilla
This incision runs transversely along the inferior portion of the ribcage and then vertically from the base of the sternum to the pubic bone. It is used to remove organs from the abdominal cavity of donor bodies:
T incision
The traditional white linen burial shroud in which deceased members of the Orthodox Jewish faith are dressed is called:
Tachrichim
The ritual washing and purification of the deceased according to Orthodox Jewish law
Taharah
The mastoid process is a bony guide of which bone?
Temporal
What muscle is responsible for closing and moving the mandible from side to side?
Temporalis
Occasionally remains require additional specially designed plastic products in order to prevent leakage. Which mortuary plastic garment would you select for a case where a high level of skin, bone, and other tissue has been donated?
Unionall
The ____________ is a plastic garment that covers the trunk of the body except for the hands, neck and head areas.
Unionalls
U.S. Department of Labor OSHA Rules apply to funeral service. All of the following are Standards under OSHA EXCEPT:
Universal / Standard precautions
The proper name for the VA form a funeral director would utilize to obtain Presidential Memorial Certificate for a family being served is
VA form 40-0247
The proper name for the VA form a funeral director would utilize to obtain Presidential Memorial Certificate for a family being served is:
VA form 40-0247
What is a synonym for smallpox?
Variola
When embalming an autopsied case, features should be set when using the subclavian artery as an injection site because some fluid will reach the head via the:
Vertebral Artery
What are the fine linear tracings running vertically on the mucous membranes?
Vertical Lines
Which of the following pigment cosmetics is best used to reproduce the highlight areas of the face:
White, or at least two shades lighter than the foundation/base coat
Who first described the circulation of blood in the 1600s?
William Harvey
A necessary part of some countries' shipping regulations is the metal case, also known as ____________. This case is a gasketed container which can be used as an insert to a casket or as a separate shipping container.
Zeigler Case
Permission from a family member is needed for:
a hospital autopsy
An individual with extreme anasarca needs to be embalmed. No autopsy has been performed. The deceased is of normal stature but for the anasarca: What type of fluid from the choices below would be the best for this situation:
a hyoertonic solution
The major restoration of hair, such as fully replacing a mustache, is:
a post embalming restorative treatment
when properly used, this stitch is airtight
baseball
Hair restorations to the sideburns of a male should:
be applied so that each application overlaps the preceding one
In the case of swollen lips and eyes, surgical reduction would:
be performed after embalming
What disease is caused by Yersinia pestis?
bubonic plague
What is the harmonious relationship of the face and features?
canon of beauty
What would be the best technique for dehydrating and bleaching tissue that will later require wax restoration:
cavity and/or phenol pack
For a diabetic cases:
cavity work should be thorough
What is the only artery that trifurcates in the human body?
celiac trunk artery
What are the basic structural and functional units of the human body?
cells
Pneumococci are usually arranged in:
chains
The primary characteristic of a third degree burn is:
charring
What is another term for eyelashes?
cilia
A body as a whole is in dysfunction and unable to operate as a well-organized being, but the dysfunction is reversible through use of CPR and drugs. This is referred to as:
clinical death
The most inferior part of the nose is known as the:
columna nasi
The first choice of vessels for injection of legs in an autopsied case would be:
common iliac
A profile form in which both the forehead and chin protrude beyond the projection of the upper lip is:
concave
If a body has lips, ears and fingers that appear to be cyanotic, it might be an indication that the person died from:
congestive heart failure
What is the imaginary, vertical plane that cuts through a cadaver from side to side, at right angles to the mid-sagittal plane?
coronal plane
The key to jaundice embalming is:
counterstaining
What is the purpose of cosmetizing an abrasion before waxing?
covers the darjened abrasion
What is formed by the bifurcation of the antihelix?
crura
Which of these is NOT a stated objective of preparing the cranial cavity following an autopsy:
inject the walls of the scalp with a hypovalve trocar
Which of the following would best prevent facial swelling?
inject using restricted cervical method
A line of demarcation along the midline of the face due to vasoconstriction/vasodilatation, common in deaths from a cerebrovascular accident (stroke):
is overcome by a sufficient quantity of injection
What is the alcohol that is most effective as a disinfectant?
isopropyl
What causes Clostridium perfringens to be problematic for the embalmer?
it is a spore former
Which of the following is NOT a sign of arterial fluid distribution?
lack of tissue fixation
When embalming a body with postmortem stain, the embalmer should use:
less volume and strong solution
Recreating pores in a wax restoration may NOT be accomplished by using:
ligate
The slit formed by the free margins of the mucous membranes is:
line of mouth closure
What form is glutaraldehyde at room temperature?
liquid
All of the following are extravascular discolorations EXCEPT:
livor mortis
Which of the following is an external bone of the face:
mandible
The furrow beneath the jawline and rising vertically on the cheek is the:
mandibular sulcus
A building containing crypts or vaults for entombment; an above ground structure for burial is properly called a:
mausoleum
What is the tiny prominence on the midline of the superior mucous membrane?
medial lobe
Which of the following is NOT a bony guide on the temporal bone?
mental eminence
What is the general rule regarding solution strength and drainage technique on a non-autopsied body exhibiting livor mortis?
mild solution and open drainage
Epstein-Barr virus is the causative agent of:
mononucelousis
What is the death of localized cells and tissue with the body remaining alive?
necrosis
The direction of hair growth of the eyebrow is:
obliquely upward and outward
The cranial muscle that is a broad, two part muscle covering the top of the skull. It is significant in restorative art because it is responsible for the wrinkles and furrows that appear on the forehead:
occipitofrontalis muscle
When suturing the cranium an embalmer should start:
on the right side and work towards the left
What is the distance between the eyes when compared to the width of the mouth:
one half
Where is the superior border of the chin found when measured from the line of closure of the mouth to the base of the chin:
one half
Which of the following is NOT a method used to stimulate areas of the body lacking arterial solution?
open/ continuous
What muscle is responsible for "crow's feet"?
orbicularis oculi
Which of the following is a muscle of the mouth:
orbicularis oris
Which of the following is a polymer of HCHO?
paraformaldehyde
treat swollen ecchymotic eyes with:
phenol pack
The inside of the scalp may be treated right away with:
phenol to start drying out the head
The study of the face and its features is called:
physiognomy
What blood vessel begins at the opening of the adductor magnus muscle?
popliteal artery
All of the following are factors influencing the occurrence of an infection EXCEPT:
portal of exit for the pathogens
This format of retrieving the vertebral body from a decedent proves to cause the embalmer great concern due to the location of incision and increased concern with leakage:
posterior incision
What is the postmortem extravascular discoloration that generally cannot be removed by arterial injection?
postmortem stain
Which is not a good practice for embalming a diabetic?
preinjeciton
Which of the following would NOT be a good method for embalming a person with early signs of decomp?
preinjection
What type of microbe causes malaria?
protozoan
Which of the following types of decomposition yields foul odors?
putrefaction
An amine produced during putrefaction is:
putrescine
The withdrawal of a part from its normal position:
recession
Auxiliary or "cosmetic" lighting most helpful for natural cosmetic appearance consists of:
red, blue, amber bulbs
Auxiliary or "cosmetic" lighting most helpful for natural cosmetic appearance consists of:
red, blue. and amber bulbs
Most organ donors are place on heparin to:
reduce clotting in the donated organ
The colors seen by the eye are those that are:
relfected
Which of the following methods would be the best way to deal with an ecchymosis of the eye?
restricted cervical injection
Which of the following is an example of an auto-immune disease?
rheumatic fever
Read the scenario and answer the question below: Embalm a 200 pound male that was found lying on his left side, at his residence. His right eye has a bruise and a laceration. In addition to this trauma, the decedent has cadaveric lividity (livor mortis) on the left side of his face and body. Of the following choices the best injection site would be the:
right and left common carotid arteries
What/where is the center for drainage?
right atrium
Which site is recommended for embalming someone with arteriosclerosis?
right common carotid artery
Which of the following diseases is caused by Streptococcus pyogenes?
scarlet fever
What is the original scientific standard of color?
spectrum
According to the text, one of the first procedures should be to:
spray down the body with disinfectant
What are spherical shaped bacteria arranged in grape-like clusters?
staphylococci
Which brush or instrument would be the best choice to create "pore effect" on waxed tissue:
stipple brush
All of the following practices are acceptable for treating intravascular discoloration such as post mortem lividity EXCEPT for:
strong arterial injection
for edemic cases, which type of fluid should be used?
strong eolution
In an autopsied case, the arms should be injected via the
subclavian artery
Whenever possible the arms should be injected via the:
subclavian artery
Sodium lauryl sulfate is used in embalming fluids as a/an:
surfactant
What problems are commonly associated with ecchymosis around the eyes?
swelling and discolorations
Correspondence in size, shape and relative position of parts that are on opposite sides of the face is the definition of:
symmetry
What is the strongest chewing muscle?
temporalis
"Lockjaw" is also known as:
tetanus
The width of the eye is equal to:
the distance between the eyes
A family comes in to make arrangements for their grandfather. In order to pay for the funeral with a traditional life insurance policy, the funeral director needs to pinpoint this person and/or persons and have them sign:
the donee beneficiary of the policy
When injecting liquid tissue builder:
the tissue builder should be injected as the needle is withdrawn
Items or services offered that are not affiliated with the funeral home that may be obtained for a family to assist with services such as clergy honorariums and/or opening and closing of the grave are called:
third party courtesy items and cash advance items
Instant bond adhesives (such as super glue and aron alpha) are best used:
to close small clean incisions
The head shape that is wider between the angles of the jaw than it is across the forehead:
triangular
Which of the following is caused by the inhalation of air-borne pathogens?
tuberculosis
the innermost lining of an artery is the:
tunica intima
The superior palpebra is also known as the:
upper eyelid
Hair for restoration would NOT be attached by:
using massage cream
What is a manufactured cover for the head made of natural or synthetic hair?
wig
All of the following are mainly used only as "embalming" sutures except:
worm suture
What describes a crevice in the skin bordered by adjacent elevations?
wrinkle
One disadvantage in the use of the electric spatula is that it can:
wrinkle and adarken skin
This blush application, on the front cheek below the center of the eye, is best for what age group:
young child
A palor, or lack of color, may indicate:
death by exasguination
this instrument used to remove sin from tissue donors:
dermatome
Skin slip is also known as:
desquamation
The breaking up of white light into its many colors:
dispersion
What theory of embalming involves removing blood and fluid from the vascular system?
displacement
What is the anterior ridge of the nose, extending from the root to the tip?
dorsum
What is the anterior ridge of the nose, extending rom the root to the tip?
dorsum
Following the removal of loose skin and hypodermic injection, an area of skin slip should be:
dried with a cavity or phenol pack
Paired structures that exhibit the greatest differences in position and form are the:
ears
Which of these include all of the basic types of blood cells?
erythrocyte, leukocyte, thrombocyte
A "short circuit" during arterial injection results in:
excessive fixation proximal to the injection site
In the most severe cases of eyelid lacerations, and as a last resort, it may be necessary to:
excise and rebuild with wax
Unsound tissue in the area of a malignant tumor should be:
excised
Which of the following is not required in treating second degree burns:
excising of charred tissue
Of the following bony guides, all of which are important to the reattachment of the ear, the most crucial indicator is the:
external auditory meatus
In an autopsied case, which of the following arteries is most likely to leak when injecting the common iliac artery?
external iliac
Pressure exerted on the outside of a vein or artery is a form of:
extravascular resistance
An embalmer can expect __________of the face with a body who died during an attempted surgical repair of an aortic aneurysm:
extreme pitting edema
Which of the following can be used as a proportional measurement of width?
eye
Supercilium refers to:
eyebrows
Your text book advocates the use of the following arteries as being the best initial choice for injecting the legs of a decedent who donated their long bones (only long bones - no organ donation):
femoral arteries
What artery is closely associated with the inguinal ligament?
femoral artery
What artery is transmitted through the adductor canal?
femoral artery
hardening of the artery is most common in the:
femoral artery
Tissue in which wax is used for restoration must be:
firm and dry so the wax will adhere
Where is the plantar artery located?
foot
When a wood or metal dowel is used to join a decapitated head to a torso, the dowel is usually attached to the torso by:
forcing into or wiring to the vertebral column
What is contained in firming tissue builder?
formaldehyde
What form is formaldehyde at room temperature?
gas
What was the first dialdehyde used as an arterial preservative?
glyoxal
This type of edema is seen in steroid use:
hard or solid
The determinative pigment that imparts color (red pigment) to the blood:
hemoglobin
All of the following are caused by refrigeration EXCEPT:
hemolysis slowed down
The basket weave suture is used to:
hold the edges of an excision in position and to anchor wax
Undercutting an excision helps to:
hold wax in place
A nosocomial infection is one acquired in which of the following environments?
hospital
Accumulation of fluid in the scrotum is:
hydrocele
A pre-embalming suture:
i usually temporary
A hidden point of entry for hypodermic tissue building in the temporal region is:
in the lateral end of ghe eyebrow
Death Certificates are always filed:
in the registration district in which the person died
a discoloration that is present in life and remains after death is:
antemortem
The center for embalming is the:
aortic arch
The center for embalming is:
aortic arch
All of the following methods could be used to treat a bed sore EXCEPT:
apply a restorative/humectant compress
When correcting jaundice discolorations all of the following are part of the triadic color theory EXCEPT:
apply a yellow pigment based cosmetic externally
A pre-embalming treatment when dealing with a penetrating wound of the face:
applying massage cream to the face to protect surrounding areas from leaking fluids during arterial injection
"Hardening" of the arteries is also known as:
arteriosclerosis
Which one of the following types of immunity is the result of a vaccination?
artificially acitve
Hardening compound is used:
as a preservative and drying agent in an autopsied/ donor cases
Edematous bodies will decompose:
at a faster rate than normal
Dehydrated bodies will decompose:
at a slower rate
What is the decrease in virulence of a pathogenic microorganism?
attenuation
How is paraformaldehyde used?
autopsy compound for the cavity
The tearing away or separation of a part of the body, resulting from an accident:
avulsion
Which blood vessel begins at the lateral border of the first rib and terminates as it passes by the tendon of the teres major muscle?
axillary artery
Which of the following bacterial diseases are spread by ticks? I. Rocky Mountain spotted fever II. Lyme disease III. influenzal meningitis IV. scarlet fever
1 and 2
Which of the following may be used for a deceased Latter-day Saint? I. all white clothing II. green apron III. complete shroud with muslin cloth IV. all wood casket
1 and 2
The chemical group that makes an alcohol molecule soluble in water and useful to the embalmer is:
-OH
The text advocates that each leg on an autopsied body be injected arterially with a minimum of:
0.5 gallons
Green Jaundice is caused by: I. conversion of bilirubin to biliverdin II. the use of strong formaldehyde solution III. restricted drainage IV. not enough dye being used
1 and 2
Read the scenario and answer the question below: Embalm a 200 pound male that was found lying on his left side, at his residence. His right eye has a bruise and a laceration. In addition to this trauma, the decedent has cadaveric lividity (livor mortis) on the left side of his face and body. Choose the acceptable methods for treating the ecchymotic eye :I. Inject with a strong solution II. Use a phenol/cavity fluid compress to bleach area III. Use a restorative/humectants pack to lessen the discoloration IV. Use a weak solution so as not to set the discoloration
1 and 2
What occurs when a practitioner uses the continuous drainage technique? I. tissue dehydration II. uneven fluid distribution III. vascular distention IV. embalming fluid retention
1 and 2
Which of the following are real or potential problems that should be considered when embalming a diabetic? I. achieving good peripheral circulation II. increased bacterial or other mycotic infections III. abnormal pH values IV. decubitus ulcers
1, 2, 3 and 4
The technique used to employ this suture includes using single stitches that are tied and cut separately from one another :I. Bridge II. Temporary III. Interrupted IV. Tack V. Lock
1, 2, 3, and 4 only
The technique used to employ this suture includes using single stitches that are tied and cut separately from one another: I. Bridge II. Temporary III. Interrupted IV. Tack V. Lock
1, 2, 3, and 4 only
Which of these are part of an appropriate procedure for eye donor restoration: I. Remove soiled cotton used during embalming II. Use cauterant and/or incision powder to dry the base of the orbit III. Use putty and/or cotton covered by an eye cap to replace missing globe of eye IV. Check height of eye in profile using a straight edge from eyebrow to cheek V. Inject tissue builder to further build the eye area if profile measurement is off
1, 2, 3, and 4 only
Besides livor mortis, other problems that can be present on a drowning case are: I. purge from both lungs and stomach (if not posted) II. skin slip and blistering III. evidence of other trauma, like being hit by logs in current, fish and marine life desecrating the body IV. dehydration from being in water
1, 2, and 3
Which of the following would be acceptable methods of embalming a long bone donor? I. raise the common carotid arteries to inject trunk, head, and arms II. raise the iliac arteries to inject the legs, which should provide sufficient preservation III. open sutures from retrieval and inject femoral, popliteal, and anti/posterior tibial arteries
1, 2, and 3
Which of the following would be acceptable methods of embalming a long bone donor? I. raise the common carotid arteries to inject trunk, head, and arms II. raise the iliac arteries to inject the legs, which should provide sufficient preservation III. open sutures from retrieval and inject femoral, popliteal, and anti/posterior tibial arteries
1, 2, and 3
With deaths resulting from burns we discussed that the systemic effects of the burn become a main concern to the embalmer. Systemic concerns include which of the following? I. Bacterial infection II. Poor blood flow to peripheral areas III. Complications due to kidney failure IV. Odor
1, 2, and 3
Flat band of muscles encircling the mouth: I. A sphincter muscle of the face II. The "puckering muscle" III. The orbicularis oculi IV. The orbicularis oris
1, 2, and 4
To keep a body hydrated, which of the following methods could be used? I. intermittent drainage II. 1.5% - 2% solution III. less volume, stronger fluid IV. protection from air currents
1, 2, and 4
Which of the following methods can be used to treat an ecchymosis on the back of the hand? I. channel the area with a hypodermic needle II. inject a phenol/bleaching chemical into channeled area III. immediately remove bleaching agent so it doesn't sit too long IV. let stand 15-20 minutes and massage bleaching agent out through
1, 2, and 4
For a case of advanced decomp which of the following methods could be used? I. waterless embalming II. pre-injection III. multipoint injection IV. surface packs
1, 3, and 4
Calculate the % strength of a solution if 9oz/ gallon of a 28 index fluid is used:
1.97%
Edema is said to be established when there is at least a:
10% increase in total body water
Determine the actual width of the face of a decedent given the following information. The length of the subject's face in a picture is 12mm and the width is 8mm. The actual measurement of the decedents face is 162mm in length.
108mm
If a sclerotic vessel must be injected, which of the following methods should be used: I. raise vessel to surface to stretch it II. cut into the softest portion of vessel for insertion of cannula III. use a hemostat or cotton ligature to secure cannula IV. use a large cannula and force it into the lumen
2 and 3
What is the postmortem intravascular discoloration due to the blood settling to the posterior parts of the body? I. postmortem hypostasis II. livor mortis III. postmortem stain IV. cadaveric lividity
2 and 4
Which of the following are branches of the abdominal aorta?I. R & L coronary arteries II. R & L renal arteries III. thyro-cervical arteries IV. celiac trunk artery
2 and 4
The authority that dictates whether or not an outer burial container or a vault needs to be used to support the grave is the:
Cemetery By-Laws
Carbon monoxide poisoning results in the following discoloration:
Cherry Red
Hydrothorax is fluid present in the:
Chest
Gas gangrene is caused by which one of the following bacterial pathogens?
Clostridium Perfringens
You have a 200 pound deceased male who has had a complete autopsy. The deceased was on coumadin and had a history of coronary artery and heart disease. The arch of the aorta was left intact. What is the first choice of vessel used to inject the legs of an autopsied case?
Common Iliac Artery
Which vessel is the biggest, most superficial, least invasive to access, and the overall best choice to use for arterial injection on an infant?
Common carotid
The onset of postmortem changes generally:
Complicates the embalming operation particularly as the time delay increases between death and embalming
All of the following are "categories of aids" to the arterial injection of a delayed embalming case except:
Contributory Aids
The anterior process on the ramus of the mandible
Coronoid process
This plastic garment is often used to aid in controlling leakage from autopsied bodies or the condition of edema. It covers the trunk of the body from the upper thigh to the armpit.
Coveralls
All eruptive skin disorders should be treated as:
Infectious
When embalming edematous cases, osmotic changes are best achieved via which technique?
Intermittent Drainage
The best and most common approach for middle ear and/or temporal bone retrieval:
Internal Approach
What suture is used for a viewable area?
Intradermal
What is the downside to the drug heparin from an embalming aspect?
It facilitates postmortem stain
What makes Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to disinfection?
It has a waxy capsule
Which of the following refers to icterus?
Jaundice
The father of restorative art:
Joel E Crnadall
What structure composed of the cranium and face functions as the skeleton of the head?
Skull
The area where skin has been donated should be:
Sprayed with cauterant
The head shape from the frontal view that is usually broad, possesses little curvature, and whose vertical measurement equals its transverse measurement is recognized as:
Square
Toxic shock syndrome is most commonly caused by which of the following bacterial pathogens?
Staphylococcus aureus
When a death occurs, the funeral director needs to file a SSA-721 Form with Social Security. This form is properly called:
Statement of death by funeral director
What type of purge is described as dark brown, with a foul odor and high acid content?
Stomach
Which is NOT a general profile classification of the nose?
Strong
All of the following practices are acceptable for treating intravascular discoloration such as post mortem lividity EXCEPT for
Strong arterial solution
Autopsied cases as a rule should be embalmed with a:
Strong arterial solution
Of the following fluids, which one should NOT be used in the preparation of a dehydrated body?
Strong fluid
Burned bodies should be injected with a:
Strong solution
For edemic cases, what type of fluid should be used?
Strong solution
The internal thoracic artery branches from what artery?
Subclavian artery
The neck, part of back and side walls are preserved better if the following vessel is injected on an autopsied case:
Subclavian artery
Clearing of the nail beds would be a sign that:
The discoloration was intravascular
The Ethmoid and Sphenoid Bones are not significant for restorative art purposes because:
They are not surface bones
Which is NOT a problem caused by dehydration?
Thinned Blood
A lady was pronounced brain dead as a result of head trauma from a motor vehicle accident. Her family decided to donate her organs. After she was pronounced dead the organ bank retrieved her heart and lungs. What vessel would need to be clamped off if the right femoral artery was used to inject the abdominal region and lower extremities?
Thoracic aorta
What is the transmission of light without image distortion?
Transparent
What is an infection that is characterized by rapid onset, relatively severe symptoms and an abrupt termination?
acue
What method can be used to firm wax?
add talcum powder
A cancerous tumor should be excised in most instances:
after embalming
The internal iliacs feed the:
all of the above
One precaution to take when using the electric spatula:
always keep the skin liberally covered with massage cream
The closed eyelid resembles the shape of:
an almond
Opening the procurement site and using the vessels that are left would be described as:
an internal approach
General Edema:
anasarca
What is any surface, prominence, or structure which is used in establishing the location of an adjacent structure or prominence?
anatomical guide
Intravascular problems can result in breaks or tears in the artery which can lead to:
aneurysm
