Sem2Anatomy

In which week of development does the first of the urinary system structures appear? a. 3rd b. 4th c. 5th d. 6th e. 12th

4th

When assessing a chest radiograph, how do you ascertain that the patient has inspired adequately? a. At least 6 anterior ribs project over the lungs b. Scapulae are rotated c. Spinous processes halfway between clavicles d. The lumen of the trachea is visible

At least 6 anterior ribs project over the lungs

Which blood vessel arches over the right main bronchus? a. Aorta b. Azygos vein c. Brachiocephalic trunk d. Right common carotid artery e. Superior vena cava

Azygos vein

Which imaging method has almost completely taken over from intravenous pyelography (IVP) because of its ability to provide anatomical and functional information? a. CT urography b. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) c. Magnetic resonance urography (MRU) d. Radionucleotide scans e. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)

CT urography

Prostaglandin

Falling levels of which hormone stimulate the closure of the ductus arteriosus? a. Estrogen b. Human chorionic gonadotropin c. Oxytocin d. Progesterone e. Prostaglandin

Which of the following structures would typically be found only on the right lung? a. Apex b. Cardiac notch c. Hilum d. Horizontal fissure e. Lingula

Horizontal fissure

anterior interventricular a.

Identify the structure:

Tunica Intima

In an aortic dissection, there is a tear in which layer of the vessel? a. Adventitia b. Intima c. Media d. Externa

anterior

In the right ventricle, which papillary muscle is connected to the moderator band? a. posterior b. anterior c. septal

Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the infraglottic space? a. External laryngeal b. Internal laryngeal c. Inferior laryngeal d. Superior laryngeal

Inferior laryngeal

The ascent of a horseshoe kidney is halted by which blood vessel? a. Abdominal aorta b. Celiac trunk c. Inferior mesenteric artery Right renal artery Superior mesenteric artery

Inferior mesenteric artery

Sympathetic innervation to the kidneys is supplied by which nerve? a. Greater splanchnic nerve b. Lesser splanchnic nerve c. Least splanchnic nerve d. Lumbar splanchnic nerve

Least splanchnic nerve

The left gonadal vein drains into which of the following? a. Inferior vena cava b. Left common iliac vein c. Left renal vein d. Left suprarenal vein

Left renal vein

Which of the following muscles of respiration is innervated by posterior rami? a. Anterior scalene b. External intercostal c. Levator costarum d. Serratus posterior superior e. Transversus thoracis

Levator costarum

Which of the following radiological features is associated with tension pneumothorax? a. Hilar lymphadenopathy b. Mediastinal shift c. Pleural effusion d. Pneumoperitoneum

Mediastinal shift

What name is given to the S-shaped structures that, at one end, form a cup-shaped Bowman's capsule around the glomerulus? a. Mesonephric duct b. Mesonephric tubules c. Nephrogenic cord d. Ureteric bud e. Urogenital sinus

Mesonephric tubules

The maxillary sinus opens into the nasal cavity at which of the following spaces? a. Inferior meatus b. Middle meatus c. Superior meatus d. Sphenoethmoidal recess

Middle meatus

What is the basic functional unit of the kidney, that starts to develop at week 8? a. Collecting duct b. Major calyx c. Minor calyx d. Nephron

Nephron

In which region of the embryo does the metanephros develop? a. Cranium b. Cervical c. Lumbar d. Pelvic e. Thoracic

Pelvic

The bony nasal septum is made up primarily by the vomer and which other bone? a. Frontal process of the maxillary bone b. Palatine process of the maxillary bone c. Perpendicular process of the ethmoid bone d. Perpendicular process of the palatine bone

Perpendicular process of the ethmoid bone

In which of the following situations would result in blunting of the costophrenic angles? a. Mediastinal shift b. Pleural effusion c. Pneumothorax d. Tension pneumothorax

Pleural effusion

What is shown in this image?

Renal artery stenosis

Parasympathetic innervation of the urinary bladder arises from which spinal cord levels? a. T5-T9 b. T10, T11 c. T12 d. L1, L2 e. S2-S4

S2-S4

pulmonary

Stenosis of which heart valve is usually associated with Tetralogy of Fallot? a. aortic b. pulmonary c. tricuspid d. bicuspid

The aortic hiatus of the abdominal diaphragm occurs at which vertebral level? a. T6 b. T8 c. T10 d. T12

T12

Visceral sensory of the kidney is referred to which dermatome? a. T8 b. T10 c. T12 d. L2

T12

The kidneys normally lie between which vertebral levels? a. T5-T9 b. T10-L1 c. T12-L3 d. L2-L4

T12-L3

Which part of the bronchial tree is the last part of the conducting pathway? a. Lobar bronchi b. Respiratory bronchiole c. Segmental bronchi d. Terminal bronchiole e. Tertiary bronchi

Terminal bronchiole

3

The formation of the heart tube generally begins by which week of embryonic development? a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6

The majority of lymph from the body is emptied into the venous system via what structure? a. Bronchomediastinal trunk b. Intestinal trunk c. Right lymphatic duct d. Thoracic duct

Thoracic duct

Lymph from the bronchopulmonary lymph nodes generally flows into which of the following? a. Bronchomediastinal lymphatic trunk b. Bronchopulmonary lymphatic plexus c. Pulmonary lymph nodes d. Subpleural lymphatic plexus e. Tracheobronchial lymphatic trunk

Tracheobronchial lymphatic trunk

Ductus venosus

Which fetal structure allows richly oxygenated blood to bypass the liver? a. Ductus arteriosus b. Ductus venosus c. Ligamentum arteriosum d. Umbilical artery e. Umbilical vein

Intercalated disks

Which of the following is a specific characteristic of cardiac myocytes? a. Intercalated disks b. Peripheral nuclei c. Smooth d. Striations e. Multiple nuclei

Bicuspid

Which of the following valves guards the left atrioventricular orifice? a. Aortic b. Bicuspid c. Pulmonary d. Tricuspid

Aortic valve replacement

What is the most common cause of acute aortic regurgitation/aortic insufficiency? a. Aortic valve replacement b. Cardiac tamponade c. Endocarditis d. Patent ductus arteriosus e. Rheumatic heart disease

aortic arch

Identify the structure:

Which of the following is a major function of the respiratory system? a. Absorption of nutrients b. Acid base balancing to help regulate homeostasis c. Regulation of the body's temperature d. Removing liquid waste from the body e. Storage site for the majority of the body's calcium

Acid base balancing to help regulate homeostasis

Which lymphatic vessels contains valves? a. All lymphatic vessels b. Deep lymphatic vessels c. None contain valves d. Superficial lymphatic vessels

All lymphatic vessels

In the right lung hilum, where is the pulmonary artery in relation to the right main bronchus? a. Anterior b. Inferior c. Lateral d. Posterior e. Superior

Anterior

Arterial blood within the kidneys passes from the interlobar arteries into which of the following? a. Arcuate b. Cortical Radiate c. Renal d. Segmental

Arcuate

The "gag reflex" is a test of the sensory and motor limbs of which cranial nerves? a. CN V and CN VII b. CN VII and CN V c. CN IX and CN X d. CN X and CN IX

CN IX and CN X

The nasal mucosa receives parasympathetic innervation from which of the following cranial nerves? a. CN III b. CN VII c. CN IX d. CN X

CN VII

The "cough reflex" is a test of the sensory and motor limbs of which cranial nerves? a. CN IX and CN IX b. CN IX and CN X c. CN X and CN IX d. CN X and CN X

CN X and CN X

What is the name of the portion of the respiratory system that warms, moistens, filters and channels air? a. Conducting b. Dead c. Respiratory c. Tidal d. Ventilatory

Conducting

The vocal ligament is formed by the thickened superior border of which membrane of the larynx? a. Conus elasticus b. Cricotracheal c. Lateral Cricothyroid d. Medial Cricothyroid e. Quadrangular

Conus elasticus

Which pleural recess changes its shape/volume depending on whether a person is upright or supine? a. Costodiaphragmatic b. Costomediastinal c. Sternocostal d. Vertebrocostal

Costodiaphragmatic

Within a nephron, urine flows from the ascending limb of the loop Henle into which structure? a. Collecting duct b. Descending limb c. Distal convoluted tubule d. Proximal convoluted tubule

Distal convoluted tubule

Ventrally, caudally and to the right

During heart tube looping, the primitive ventricles normally bend in which directions? a. Dorsally, caudally and to the left b. Dorsally, caudally and to the right c. Dorsally, superiorly and to the left d. Ventrally, caudally and to the left e. Ventrally, caudally and to the right f. Ventrally, superiorly and to the right

descending aorta

Identify the structure:

dextricardia

Identify the structure:

left ventricle

Identify the structure:

right atrium

Identify the structure:

stomach

Identify the structure:

Interatrial septum

In which anatomical structure is the atrioventricular node located? a. Atrioventricular septum b. Atrioventricular sulcus c. Interatrial septum d. Membranous interventricular septum e. Muscular interventricular septum

large artery

In which blood vessel is the tunica media dominated by elastic fibers? a. arteriole b. capillary c. large artery d. medium vein e. venule

From which germ layer is the urinary system derived? a. Ectoderm b. Endoderm c. Intermediate mesoderm d. Lateral plate mesoderm e. Neural crest f. Paraxial mesoderm

Intermediate mesoderm

Which of the following muscles of respiration help to depress the ribs? a. Abdominal diaphragm b. Internal intercostal c. Middle scalene d. Serratus anterior

Internal intercostal

Which of the following nerves is a risk of damage while removing foreign objects from the piriform recess? a. External laryngeal b. Internal laryngeal c. Recurrent laryngeal d. Superior laryngeal

Internal laryngeal

The ascent of a horseshoe kidney is halted by the inferior mesenteric artery. At which vertebral level is the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery? a. T12 b. L1 c. L2 d. L3 e. L4

L3

Which term is used to describe the breaking up of kidney stones by ultrasound? a. Lithotripsy b. Nephrolithotomy c. Ureteroscopy d. Urolithiasis

Lithotripsy

PR segment

On an EKG, which part represents the delay between depolarization of the atria and AV node transmission of impulse to the ventricles? a. P wave b. PR segment c. QRS complex d. ST segment e. T wave

D

On the diagram above, which letter best represents the left bundle branch? A B C D E

What forms the pulmonary ligament? a. Fibrous pericardium b. Parietal pericardium c. Parietal pleura d. Visceral pericardium d. Visceral pleura

Parietal pleura

Aorticopulmonary septum

Persistent truncus arteriosus is caused by failure of which structure to properly form? a. Aorticopulmonary septum b. Atrial septum c. Ductus arteriosus d. Ventricular septum

Adenoiditis is inflammation of which set of tonsils? a. Lingual b. Palatine c. Pharyngeal d. Tubal

Pharyngeal

Which of the following muscles increases the diameter of the rima glottidis? a. Arytenoids b. Cricothyroid c. Posterior cricoarytenoids d. Thyroarytenoids

Posterior cricoarytenoids

Urine normally passes from a major calyx into which structure? a. Minor calix b. Renal papilla c. Renal pelvis d. Renal sinus e. Ureter

Renal pelvis

What does the arrow point to on the ultrasound image of hydronephrosis?

Renal pelvis

Under normal conditions, which of the following structures is positioned most anteriorly at the renal hilum? a. Inferior suprarenal artery b. Renal artery c. Renal vein d. Suprarenal vein e. Ureter

Renal vein

On a lateral chest radiograph, which area that is normally radiolucent, would show increased opacity if an anterior mediastinal mass was present? a. Costophrenic angle b. Pleural space c. Retrocardiac space d. Retrosternal space e. Tracheal lumen

Retrosternal space

ASD

The Tetralogy of Fallot includes all of the following conditions EXCEPT? a. ASD b. Hypertrophy of the right ventricle c. Overriding aorta d. Pulmonary stenosis e. VSD

Septum secundum

The foramen ovale forms in which septum? a. Atrioventricular septum b. Septum primum c. Septum secundum d. Ventricular septum

Right ventricle

The inferior border of the heart is formed mainly by which chamber? a. Left atrium b. Left ventricle c. Right atrium d. Right ventricle

Anterior papillary muscle of the right ventricle

The moderator band attaches to which of the following structures? a. Anterior papillary muscle of the left ventricle b. Anterior papillary muscle of the right ventricle c. Posterior papillary muscle of the left ventricle d. Posterior papillary muscle of the right ventricle e. Septal papillary muscle of the right ventricle

C3-C5

The phrenic nerve derives from what spinal cord segments? a. C1-C4 b. C3-C5 c. C5-T1 d. T1-T5

Femoral a.

To perform coronary angiography, a catheter is usually inserted into which vessel? a. Brachial a. b. External iliac v. c. Femoral a. d. Inferior vena cava e. Ulnar a.

Bladder carcinoma is the result of cell changes in the epithelial wall of the urinary bladder. What type of epithelium lines the urinary bladder? a. Columnar b. Cuboidal c. Simple squamous d. Stratified squamous e. Transitional

Transitional

During normal embryological development, the kidneys begin developing in which body cavity? a. Lower abdomen b. Lower pelvis c. Upper abdomen d. Upper pelvis

Upper pelvis

Which column of tissue runs parallel to the embryo's future vertebral column, giving rise to both the urinary and genital systems? a. Mesonephric duct b. Pronephros c. Somites d. Urogenital ridge e. Urogenital sinus

Urogenital ridge

When the mesonephric ducts are absorbed into the urinary bladder, what is formed? a. Detrusor muscle b. Median umbilical ligament c. Ureters d. Urethra e. Vesical trigone

Vesical trigone

Which imaging method investigates the lower urinary tract using a fluorescent contrast medium? a. CT urography b. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) c. Magnetic resonance urography (MRU) d. Radionucleotide scans e. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)

Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG)

60-100

What is considered to be the normal resting rate of contraction of the human heart (in beats per minute)? a. 60-70 b. 60-100 c. 70-75 d. 70-90 e. 80-90

valves

What is found in veins but not arteries?

Subclavian artery

What is the developmental fate of the right 4th aortic arch artery? a. Common carotid artery b. Internal carotid artery c. Nothing - it regresses d. Pulmonary trunk e. Subclavian artery

Angiograms

What is the primary imaging technique used for diagnosing coronary artery disease? a. Angiograms b. Chest Radiographs c. Computed tomography d. Echocardiograms e. Electrocardiograms f. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Crista terminalis

What name is given to the area that demarcates the border of the smooth and muscular walls of the right atrium? a. Atrioventricular sulcus b. Crista terminalis c. Fossa ovalis d. Pectinate line e. Trabeculae carnae

Purkinje fibers

What name is given to the subendocardial fibers at the distal end of the left and right bundle branches? a. Bundle of His b. Internodal fibers c. Myocardium d. Pericardium e. Purkinje fibers

Medium arteries

Which blood vessels are responsible for maintaining a steady blood pressure? a. Large veins b. Medium arteries c. Venules d. Medium arteries

Ductus arteriosus

Which fetal structure acts as a connection between the left pulmonary artery and arch of aorta? a. Aortic sac b. Ductus arteriosus c. Ductus venosus d. Foramen ovale e. Truncus arteriosus

continuous

Which is the most common type of capillary?

The posterior interventricular and anterior interventricular arteries both arise from the LCA

Which of the following best describes a Left Dominant heart? a. The anterior interventricular artery arises from the LCA and the posterior interventricular arises from the RCA b. The anterior interventricular artery arises from the RCA and the posterior interventricular arises from the LCA c. The posterior interventricular and anterior interventricular arteries both arise from the LCA d. The posterior interventricular artery receives contributions from both the LCA and RCA

bicuspid/ left atrioventricular valve

Which valve is also known as the mitral valve?

Aortic and pulmonary

Which valves are open during ventricular systole? a. Bicuspid and tricuspid b. Tricuspid and aortic c. Aortic and pulmonary d. mitral and pulmonary

Which surface of the lung is shown in this picture?

costal surface