Semester 6, Exam 4, SGQ ENT/Laser (Wolford 2016B)
The larynx is a rigid organ composted of ____ paired and ___ unpaired cartilages. 3, 3 4, 4 2, 2 3, 5 4, 3
3, 3 N+P 5th edition Chapter 38 P953
Match the following cranial nerve function with its correct cranial nerve a. Facial nerve - innervation for taste sensation for the anterior two thirds of the tongue b. Trigeminal nerve - sensory and motor innervation of the nose and sinuses c. Vagus - innervation of the trachea and vocal cords
5. Correct as matched. N&P, Pgs. 953-954. The corda tympani branch of the facial nerve conveys taste from the anterior two thirds of the tongue. The trigeminal nerve divides into three branches; they are the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular. All three divisions provide sensory and motor innervation to the nose, sinuses, palate, and tongue. The superior laryngeal and recurrent laryngeal nerves are both branches of the vagus and supply sensory innervation to the trachea and vocal cords.
The facial nerve has ___ major branches? 3 4 5 6 7
6 N+P 5th edition Chapter 38 P953
Which of the following nerves innervate all of the muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid and is responsible for phonation and glottis opening? a. Recurrent laryngeal b. Superior laryngeal c. Glossopharyngeal d. Hypoglossal
A - Recurrent laryngeal M&M pg 780
A Yag laser emits a ________ beam. Select one: a. Mid-infrared b. Visible c. Ultraviolet d. Far-infrared
A) mid-infrared NP Pg 1040 Table 42-1
Which laryngeal muscle relaxes the vocal cords? A. Thryroarytenoid B. Cricothyroid C. Posterior cricoarytenoid D. Lateral cricoarytenoid
A. Thyroarytenoid N&P p. 955
Which of the following are not flammable? Choose all that apply. a) Sevoflurane b) Oxygen c) Isoflurane d) Desflurane
Answer A, C, D N/P 1047
Which neuromuscular blocking agent is most appropriate for thyroid surgery with nerve testing? a) Rocuronium b) Succinylcholine c) Vecuronium d) Atracurium
Answer B N/P p 968
If supplemental O2 via a mask or nasal cannula is necessary, it should be discontinued at least _____ before and during laser use. a) 5 min b) 3 min c) 1 min d) seconds
Answer C N/P p 1046
If hypotension occurs during thyroid surgery, which of the following drugs is most appropriate to use? a) Ephedrine b) Epinephrine c) Phenylephrine d) Norepinephrine
Answer C P 969 Don't want to stimulate the release of catecholamines
Administering an oxygen concentration of less than ______% will reduce the risk of a rapid and widespread propagation of fire. a) 60 b) 50 c) 40 d) 30
Answer D N/P p 1046
Jet ventilation should be avoided in which of the following? A. Patients with a full stomach B. Patients with lung fibrosis C. The morbidly obese D. Those with restrictive lung disease
Answer: A Nagelhout, J., Plaus, K. (2014) pg. 961. Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed). St. Louis, MO.: Elsevier Saunders
With jet ventilation it is recommended that the lowest tolerable concentration of oxygen be used to.. A. Decrease the risk of airway fire B. Decrease the risk of diffusion atelectasis C. Lessen the likelihood of diffusion hypoxia D. Lessen the likelihood of oxygen toxicity
Answer: A Nagelhout, J., Plaus, K. (2014) pg. 961. Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed). St. Louis, MO.: Elsevier Saunders
A 4 year old child, with no past medical history presents to the emergency department choking, wheezing, tachycardic, and cyanotic. What is the first thing you suspect? A. Aspiration of a foreign body B. Asthma exacerbation C. Anaphylaxis D. Epiglottitis
Answer: A Nagelhout, J., Plaus, K. (2014) pg. 962. Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed). St. Louis, MO.: Elsevier Saunders
What is the gold standard for diagnosis of foreign body aspiration? A. Rigid bronchoscopy B. Computed tomography C. Virtual bronchoscopy D. Flexible bronchoscopy
Answer: A Nagelhout, J., Plaus, K. (2014) pg. 962. Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed). St. Louis, MO.: Elsevier Saunders
An ideal blood pressure for the hypertensive patient having a tympanoplasty is A. A 30% reduction in MAP B. Systolic pressure in the 70s C. A 20% reduction in systolic D. Any of the above are acceptable
Answer: A Nagelhout, J., Plaus, K. (2014) pg. 963. Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed). St. Louis, MO.: Elsevier Saunders An ideal blood pressure range is 80 to 90 mmHg or a reduction of mean arterial pressure to 30% of baseline in patients with hypertension.
A horizontal fracture of the maxilla extending from the floor of the nose and hard palate, through the nasal septum, and through the pterygoid plates posteriorly describes which type of Le Fort fracture? a. Le Fort 1 b. Le Fort 2 c. Le Fort 3 d. Le Fort 4
Answer: A- Le Fort 1 NP page 971
Drugs that are used to treat hyperthyroidism include (Select 5) A. Beta blockers B. Calcium Channel blockers C. Iodide D. Levothyroxine E. Lugol's solution F. Methimazole G. Propylthiouracil
Answer: A. Beta blockers C. Iodide E. Lugol's solution F. Methimazole G. Propylthiouracil Reference: Nagelhout, J. & Plaus, K. (2014). Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. (p. 968 - Table 38-8: Oral Drugs Used to Treat Hyperthyroidism)
Patients with hyperthyroidism have _______ T3 and T4 values and _______ thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. A. increased; decreased or normal B. increased; increased C. decreased or normal; increased D. decreased; decreased or normal
Answer: A. increased; decreased or normal Reference: Nagelhout, J. & Plaus, K. (2014). Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. (p. 968 - "Preoperative Assessment and Preparation")
Which of the following cartilages of the larynx are classified as unpaired? a. Cricoid b. Arytenoid c. Corniculate d. Cuneiform
Answer: A: Cricoid Nagelhout JJ, Plaus K. Nurse Anesthesia. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders Company; 2014: 954.
The recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates all of the following muscles of the larynx EXCEPT the: a. cricothyroid. b. aryepiglottic. c. posterior cricoarytenoid. d. vocalis.
Answer: A: Cricothyroid Nagelhout JJ, Plaus K. Nurse Anesthesia. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders Company; 2014: 955.
Nitrous Oxide should usually be avoided with which surgery? a. Middle Ear Surgery b. Myringotomy c. Tonsillectomy d. Bronchoscopy
Answer: A: Middle Ear Surgery Nagelhout JJ, Plaus K. Nurse Anesthesia. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders Company; 2014: 965.
Which of the following muscles of the larynx abducts the vocal cords? a. Posterior Cricoarytenoid b. Cricothyroid c. Thyroarytenoid d. Vocalis
Answer: A: Posterior Cricoarytenoid Nagelhout JJ, Plaus K. Nurse Anesthesia. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders Company; 2014: 955.
Which is the most common pediatric surgery? a. Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy b. Myringotomy c. Appendectomy d. Cholecystectomy
Answer: A: Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy Nagelhout JJ, Plaus K. Nurse Anesthesia. 5th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders Company; 2014: 965.
In which types of Le Fort fractures is nasal intubation generally contraindicated due to the potential of inserting the breathing tube into the skull and brain? (select 2) a. Le Fort 1 b. Le Fort 2 c. Le Fort 3 d. Le Fort 4
Answer: B and C- Le Fort 2 and 3 NP 971 and 972
A triangular fracture running from the bridge of the nose, through the medial and inferior wall of the orbit, beneath the zygoma, and through the lateral wall of the maxilla and the pterygoid plates describes which Le Fort fracture? a. Le Fort 1 b. Le Fort 2 c. Le Fort 3 d. Le Fort 4
Answer: B- Le Fort 2 NP page 971
3. Which of the following IS an Unpaired cartilage of the Larynx? a. Arytenoid b. Epiglottis c. Corniculate d. Cuneiform
Answer: B. Epiglottis. NP pg 954. The epiglottis, thyroid, and cricoid cartilages are unpaired cartilages of the larynx.
__________ is the most common emergency pediatric airway surgery. A. Cleft palate repair B. Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) C. Glossolabiopexy D. Papillomatosis of the airway
Answer: B. Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) Reference: Nagelhout, J. & Plaus, K. (2014). Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. (p. 966 - "Bleeding Tonsil")
Which Le Fort fracture totally separates the midfacial skeleton from the cranial base, traversing the root of the nose, the ethmoid bone, the eye orbits, and the sphenopalatine fossa? a. Le Fort 1 b. Le Fort 2 c. Le Fort 3 d. Le Fort 4
Answer: C- Le Fort 3 NP page 971
Blood loss during tonsillectomy has been estimated to average _______. A. 2 mL/kg. B. 3 mL/kg. C. 4 mL/kg. D. 5 mL/kg.
Answer: C. 4 mL/kg. Reference: Nagelhout, J. & Plaus, K. (2014). Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. (p. 966 - "Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy")
2. Which of the following is NOT a paired cartilage of the Larynx? a. Arytenoid b. Corniculate c. Cricoid d. Cuneiform
Answer: C. Cricoid. NP pg. 954. The cricoid cartilage is not a paired cartilage of the larynx.
A "tonsil position" is described as? A. Positioned on back with the head slightly down. B. Positioned on back with the head slightly elevated. C. Positioned on one side with the head slightly down. D. Positioned on one side with the head slightly elevated.
Answer: C. Positioned on one side with the head slightly down. Reference: Nagelhout, J. & Plaus, K. (2014). Nurse Anesthesia (5th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier. (p. 966 - "Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy")
Which vertebra is the most common site of traumatic fracture of the spine? a. C2 b. C4 c. C5 d. C7
Answer: D- C7 NP page 971
5. In a case where a surgical laser is used, it is ok to use which of the following? a. 100 % FIO2 b. Shiny and reflective surgical instruments c. N2O d. Dyed saline to inflate laser tube cuff
Answer: D. Dyed saline to inflate ETT cuff. For general safety protocol for surgical lasers, it is good to inflate the cuff of laser tube so that perforation is readily apparent
1. When a surgical procedure requires the use of a laser, it is important to use an oxygen concentration set at ______. a. 100 % b. 50% c. Air only d. Lowest oxygen level tolerated by patient
Answer: D. Lowest oxygen level tolerated by patient. NP pg. 960. General safety protocol for surgical lasers include using the lowest concentration of oxygen possible.
4. Which nerve innervates the cricothyroid muscle? a. Superior laryngeal nerve b. Recurrent laryngeal nerve c. Trigeminal nerve d. Opthalamic nerve
Answer: Superior Laryngeal Nerve. Pg. 955. The cricothyroid muscle is the only intrinsic muscle of the larynx innervated by the superior laryngeal nerve.
Which of the following is false regarding the addition of epinephrine in local anesthetics. a. It increases plasma concentrations of the local anesthetic b. It prolongs the duration of action c. It reduces systemic absorption of the local anesthetic d. It decreases toxicity
Answer: a Rationale: NP Ch. 38 p. 958. Addition of epinephrine to a local anesthetic prolongs the duration of blockade and decreases systemic absorption and plasma concentrations, thus decreasing toxicity.
How long should the local anesthetic be placed prior to instrumentation in patients undergoing nasal procedure using topical local anesthetics and MAC sedation? a. 10 minutes b. 20 minutes c. 5 minutes d. 30 minutes
Answer: a. M&M p g777
Which of the following medications should raise a red flag when completing the preanesthetic assessment for a patient undergoing nasal sinus surgery? a. Aspirin b. Tramadol c. Omeprazole d. Oxycodone
Answer: a. M&M pg 777
Which volatile agent support combustion and should be avoided in laser airway procedure? a. Nitrous oxide b. Sevoflurane c. Desflurane d. Isoflurane
Answer: a. M&M pg 777
While providing general anesthesia for a laser airway surgery, the airway fire erupts. What is the first action according to the airway fire protocol? a. Stop ventilation and remove ETT b. Turn of oxygen c. Disconnect circuit from machine d. Submerge ETT in water
Answer: a. M&M pg 777
Techniques to reduce blood loss during sinus surgery include all of the following except? a. Maintain spontaneous ventilation b. Cocaine containing local anesthetic implementation c. Slight head up positioning d. Mild hypotension
Answer: a. M&M pg 778
The tibial nerve is an alternative site for monitoring neuromuscular relaxation. Which of the following are true regarding the stimulation of the tibial nerve? (Choose 2) a. It correlates closely to the obicularis oculi b. It correlates closely to the adductor pollicis c. It produces plantar flexion of the big toe d. It produces dorsiflexion of the big toe
Answer: b, c Rationale: NP Ch. 38 p. 956. Stimulation of the tibial nerve produces (plantar) flexion of the big toe and is similar to that of the adductor pollicis.
Which of the following are true regarding cocaine as a local anesthetic. (Choose 2) a. It is an amide local anesthetic b. It has vasoconstrictive properties c. It is a vasodilator d. It prevents the reuptake of catecholamines
Answer: b, d Rationale: NP Ch. 38 p. 958
Extreme caution should be used when cocaine is administered in conjunction with which of the following medications? a. Bupivacaine b. Lidocaine c. Epinephrine d. Dyclonine
Answer: c Rationale: NP Ch. 38 p. 958; The combination of cocaine with epinephrine sets the stage for significant interaction. Because cocaine that is absorbed into the plasma can block the uptake of epinephrine systemically, a toxic effect of epinephrine can result.
An unconcious patient with facial trauma has presented for surgery. You would avoid which of the following procedures? a. Placement of an orogastric tube b. Placement of an LMA c. Placement of a endotracheal tube d. Placement of a nasal RAE tube
Answer: d Rationale: NP Ch. 38 p. 957. Nasal intubation and placement of a nasogastric tube in the unconscious patient with facial trauma is best avoided to prevent possible penetration of the brain.
Which of the following nerves innervate the cricothyroid muscle of the larynx? a. Recurrent laryngeal b. Superior laryngeal c. Glossopharyngeal d. Hypoglossal
B - Superior laryngeal M&M pg 780
Respiration during swallowing is inhibited by a. The pons b. The medulla c. The thalamus d. The hypothalamus
B - The medulla. N&P, Pg. 953. The medulla inhibits respiration with swallowing; the pharynx then serves as a muscular tube that constricts, allowing the passage of food.
The surgeon may request which of the following drugs be omitted during neck dissection or parotidectomy to be able to identify nerves by direct stimulation? a. Propofol b. Vecuronium c. Dexamethasone d. Succinylcholine
B - Vecuronium (no NDNMBs) M&M pg 779
______lasers are semiconductors that emit a near-infrared light and can be used to "pump" other laser media such as YAG rods. Select one: a. Cold b. Diode c. Argon d. Ultraviolet
B) diode NP Pg 1040
YAG stands for: a. Yttrium-Alabaster-Gold b. Yttrium-aluminum-garnet c. Yttrium-argon-granite d. Yellow-angle-grade
B) yttrium-aluminum-garnet NP Pg 1040
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the energy of an electromagnetic wave with its wavelength and frequency? (Select two a. energy is directly proportional to wavelength b. energy is inversely proportional to wavelength c. energy is inversely proportional to frequency d. energy is directly proportional to frequency
B, D N&P pg. 1036
Which laryngeal muscle tenses and elongates the vocal cords? A. Thryroarytenoid B. Cricothyroid C. Posterior cricoarytenoid D. Lateral cricoarytenoid
B. Cricothyroid N&P p. 955
All of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve except: A. Thryroarytenoids B. Cricothyroid C. Posterior cricoarytenoid D. Lateral cricoarytenoid
B. Cricothyroid (innervated by superior laryngeal nerve) N&P p. 955
Respiratory distress would most likely present after which of the following. Bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve damage Unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve damage Unilateral superior laryngeal nerve damage Bilateral superior laryngeal nerve damage
Bilateral Recurrent laryngeal nerve MM 780 Figure 37-2
During instrumentation of the posterior pharynx and vallecula the gag reflex can be elicited through which cranial nerve a. Hypoglossal b. Facial c. Glossopharyngeal d. Vagus
C - Glossopharyngeal. N&P, Pg. 954. The glossopharyngeal nerve provides motor and sensory innervation for the base of the tongue and nasopharynx and oropharynx. The glossopharyngeal nerve is responsible for eliciting the gag reflex during instrumentation of the posterior pharynx and vallecula.
Which laryngeal muscle abducts the vocal cords? A. Thryroarytenoid B. Cricothyroid C. Posterior cricoarytenoid D. Lateral cricoarytenoid
C. Posterior cricoarytenoid N&P p. 955
Administering oxygen concentration of less than what will reduce the risk of a rapid and widespread propagation of fire? a. 30% b. 40% c. 50% d. 60%
Correct Answer: a. 30% NP Pg 1046
What is the first step in the management of an airway fire? a. Discontinue use of laser b. Remove ETT c. Extinguish burning ETT/LMA in basin of water d. Reintubate with smaller ETT
Correct Answer: a. Discontinue use of laser NP Pg 1048
The "A" in the acronym RACE stands for what?
Correct Answer: Alert NP 1047
Oxidizers in the operating room include? (Select all that apply) a. Air b. Sterile Water c. Oxygen d. Nitrous Oxide
Correct Answer: a, c, d a. Air c. Oxygen d. Nitrous Oxide NP Pg 1046
Select all of the following possible ignition sources. a. Fiberoptic light sources or cables b. High speed drills c. The patient d. Lasers e. Malfunctioning equipment
Correct answer: a, b, d, e a. Fiberoptic light sources or cables b. High speed drills d. Lasers e. Malfunctioning equipment NP Pg 1046
Match the Nerve with the Nerve Type (Sensory, Motor, or Both) Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve- Both Glossopharyngeal Nerve- Sensory Nerve External Laryngeal Nerve- Motor Nerve Internal Laryngeal Nerve- Sensory Nerve
Correct as matched. Nagelhout & Plaus Ch. 38, p 954, Table 38-2
Match the Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscle with the Muscle Function. Cricothyroid- Tenses and elongates Vocal Cords Thyroarytenoid- Relaxes Vocal Cords Vocalis- Relaxes Vocal Cords Posterior Cricoarytenoid- Abducts Vocal Cords Lateral Cricoarytenoid- Adducts Vocal Cords Transverse Cricoarytenoid- Adducts Vocal Cords Aryepiglottic- Closes Glottis Oblique Arytenoid- Closes Glottis
Correct as matched. Nagelhout & Plaus Ch. 38, p 955, Table 38-3
Match the Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscle with the Muscle Function. Sternohyoid- Moves Hyoid bone Inferiorly Sternothyroid- Moves Thyroid Cartilage Thyrohyoid- Moves Hyoid bone Inferiorly Thyroepiglottic- Inversion of Aryepiglottic Fold Stylopharngeus- Folds Thyroid Cartilage Inferior Pharnygeal Constrictor- Aids Swallowing
Correct as matched. Nagelhout & Plaus Ch. 38, p 955, Table 38-4
Match the surgical Laser with the correct wavelength. CO2- 10,600 nm Nd:YAG- 1064 nm Diode- 800-900 nm Argon- 488 and 514 nm Ruby- 694 nm Xenon-Fluoride- 351 nm
Correct as matched. Nagelhout & Plaus Ch. 42, p 1040, Table 42-1
Match the Laser Classification with Appropriate Health Risk. Class I-No Hazardous Radiation, Not for Viewing Directly Class II- No Ocular Injury except from Prolonged Viewing Class IIA- No Ocular Injury Except from Prolonged Viewing Class IIIA- No Serious Threat to Vision except when viewed through Microscope Class IIIB- Direct Beam viewing Results in Ocular Injury Class IV-Significan Ocular Injury from Viewing in Any Method
Correct as matched. Nagelhout & Plaus Ch. 42, p 1041, Table 42-2
Match the description to the correct term a. Nasopharynx - communicates with the oropharynx to form posterior aspect of the throat b. Oropharynx - structures include uvula and tonsil c. Laryngopharynx - structures include the epiglottis and esophageal orifice
Correct as matched. N&P, Pg. 953. The nasopharynx communicates with the oropharynx and forms the posterior aspect of the throat. Major structures of the oropharynx include the base of the tongue, soft palate, uvula, and lymphatic structures (tonsils). The laryngopharynx includes the epiglottis, which provides protection for the vocal cords, and is the region shared by the esophageal orifice and larynx.
What muscle when contracted increases the voice pitch by lengthening, tensing, and adducting the vocal folds? a. Cricothyroid muscle b. Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle c. Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle d. Transverse arytenoid muscle MM 780
Cricothyroid muscle MM 780
The upper airway receives innervation from all of the following cranial nerves except a. Trigeminal b. Facial c. Vagus d. Accessory e. Glossopharyngeal
D - Accessory. N&P, Pg. 952. The sensory and motor supply of the upper airway originates from cranial nerves and includes the trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, facial, and vagus nerves.
All of the following are branches of the Vagus nerve EXCEPT? a. Recurrent laryngeal nerve b. Superior laryngeal nerve c. Pharyngeal plexus d. Mandibular branch
D - Mandibular branch M&M pg 780
Branches of which of the following nerves are at the highest risk of being damaged during operations of the anterior neck, especially thyroid surgeries? a. XII b. VII c. X d. V
D - X (vagus, specifically the recurrent laryngeal nerve) M&M pg 780
Which of the following common surgical lasers is considered a visible laser: Select one: a. Diode laser b. CO2 laser c. YAG laser d. Argon laser
D) Argon Laser NP Pg 1040
Most medical lasers are Class ______ and can be hazardous to the eye as well as a potential fire hazard. Select one: a. IIA b. IIIB c. I d. IV
D) IV NP Pg 1042
Which laryngeal muscle adducts the vocal cords? A. Thryroarytenoid B. Cricothyroid C. Posterior cricoarytenoid D. Lateral cricoarytenoid
D. Lateral cricoarytenoid N&P p. 955
What is the greatest concern during laser airway surgery? corneal abrasion difficult airway ett fire awareness
ETT fire MM 776-777
Which nerve provides motor and sensory innervation for the base of the tongue and nasopharynx and oropharynx? Glossopharyngeal Vagus Recurrent Laryngeal External Laryngeal Internal Laryngeal
Glossopharyngeal N+P 5th Edition Chapter 38 P954
Which nerve provides the innervation of the laryngeal mucosa above the vocal cords(inferior epiglottis)? Glossopharyngeal Vagus Recurrent Laryngeal External Laryngeal Internal Laryngeal
Internal Laryngeal N+P 5th Edition Chapter 38 P954
LASER is an acronym for_______?
Light Amplification by the stimulated emission of radiation N&P pg. 1036
During neck dissection the surgeon may request for the omission of which of the following? NMB Esmolol Propofol Versed
NMB MM 779
Which nerve provides the innervation of the laryngeal mucosa below the vocal cords? Glossopharyngeal Vagus Recurrent Laryngeal External Laryngeal Internal Laryngeal
Recurrent Laryngeal N+P 5th Edition Chapter 38 P954
All of the following precautions should be observed during laser airway surgery except? Lowest possible FiO2 Avoidance of Nitrous oxide Source of water available in anesthesia workroom Limited duration and intensity of laser
Source of water available in anesthesia workroom MM 776-777 (water source should be "immediately available" not all the way in the anesthesia workroom)
The surgeon is using bupivacaine as a topical anesthetic. What is the max dose if the patient weighs 50kg? a. 125mg b. 150mg c. 200mg d. 100mg Nagelhout and Plaus pg. 958
a. 125mg/kg
which of the following is an example of a solid-state laser? a. ND:YAG b. Carbon dioxide (CO2) c. Neon d. Krypton
a. ND:YAG N&P 1038
What is most site for site of traumatic fracture of the spine ? Select one: a. Seventh Cervical Vertebra b. Fifth cervical vertebra c. Third Cervical vertebra d. Second cervical vertebra
a. Seventh Cervical Vertebra
Several medications are used to create a controlled hypotensive technique. Which medication has side effects of reflex tachycardia, rebound hypertension and cyanide toxicity? a. Sodium Nitroprusside b. Nicardipine c. Esmolol d. Nitroglycerin Nagelhout and Plaus pg. 958
a. sodium nitroprusside
What is the maximum dose of topical lidocaine without epinephrine? a. 3mg/kg b. 4mg/kg c. 7mg/kg d. 10mg/kg Nagelhout and Plaus pg. 958
b. 4mg/kg
The ENT surgeon is using lidocaine with epinephrine as a topical anesthetic. The max dose for this medication is? a. 4mg/kg b. 7mg/kg c. 2.5 mg/kg d. 2mg/kg Nagelhout and Plaus pg. 958
b. 7mg/kg
What nerve branch of the superior laryngeal nerve supplies sensory innervation of the laryngeal mucosa above the vocal cords? a. Superior pharyngeal constrictor b. Internal laryngeal nerve c. Inferior pharyngeal constrictor d. External laryngeal nerve MM 780
b. Internal laryngeal nerve MM 780
All of the following patient conditions warrant special when providing anesthesia or sedation outside the operating room EXEPT? a. Severe intellectual disability b. Overweight c. Obstructive sleep apnea d. Severe GERD
b. Overweight 1039
Which of the following sign is NOT associated with hypocalcemia? Select one: a. Seizures b. Shorten Q-T c. Laryngospasm d. Tetany
b. Shorten Q-T
Which of the following is not a complication associated with Thyroidectomy? Select one: a. Neck hematoma b. Thyroid strom c. Hypercalcemia d. Tracheomalacia
c. Hypercalcemia
Which of the following statement is False? Select one: a. Le Fort 1 fracture generally causes little difficulty for anesthesia provider b. Nasal intubation should be avoided with Le Fort 2 and Le Fort 3 fractures c. Nasal intubation is appropriate intervention for Le Fort 2 and LeFort 3 fracture d. Patients may be intubated orally or nasally with Le Forte 1 fracture
c. Nasal intubation is appropriate intervention for Le Fort 2 and LeFort 3 fracture
What nerve innervates all of the muscles of the larynx except the cricothyroid? a. Superior laryngeal nerve b. Spinal accessory nerve c. Recurrent laryngeal nerve d. Facial nerve MM 780
c. Recurrent laryngeal nerve MM 780
What nerve is responsible for phonation and runs immediately behind the thyroid gland and thus is the nerve of greatest risk for injury during thyroid surgery? a. Superior laryngeal nerve b. Spinal accessory nerve c. Recurrent laryngeal nerve d. Facial nerve MM 780
c. Recurrent laryngeal nerve MM 780
Place the following steps of the airway fire protocol in order. 1 being first and 4 being the last stop ventilation and remove ett turn off oxygen submerge tube in water ventilate with face mask reintubate assess damage consider bronchial lavage and steriods
correct order MM 777 Table 37-3
The only topical local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive abilities is? a. Lidocaine b. Bupivicaine c. Mepivicaine d. Cocaine Nagelhout and Plaus pg. 958
d. Cocaine
What nerve branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervates the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles and the cricothyroid muscle of the larynx? a. Superior pharyngeal constrictor b. Internal laryngeal nerve c. Inferior pharyngeal constrictor d. External laryngeal nerve MM 780
d. External laryngeal nerve MM 780
Which of the following is not an example of a LASER? a. Argon b. Krypton c. Carbon dioxide d. Nitrogen
d. Nitrogen 1037
Which of the following is not an advantage of a laser scalpel over traditional surgery? a. Improved access to operative sites b. Greater precision in tissue destruction and removal c. Greater tissue preservation d. decreased hemostasis control
d. decreased hemostasis control N&N 1036
