Sherpath Pharm, Diabetes
The nurse assesses a newly diagnosed patient for short-term complications of diabetes. What does this assessment include?
Evaluation for hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and ketoacidosis
A patient with type 1 diabetes recently became pregnant. The nurse plans a blood glucose testing schedule for her. What is the recommended monitoring schedule?
Six or seven times a day
The nurse working on a high-acuity medical-surgical unit is prioritizing care for four patients who were just admitted. Which patient should the nurse assess first?
The NPO patient with a blood glucose level of 80 mg/dL who just received 20 units of 70/30 Novolin insulin
A patient with type 1 diabetes who takes insulin reports taking propranolol for hypertension. Why is the nurse concerned?
The beta blocker can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
A patient with type 1 diabetes reports mixing NPH and regular insulin to allow for one injection. What should the nurse tell the patient?
This is an acceptable practice.
A patient with type 1 diabetes is eating breakfast at 7:30 AM. Blood sugars are on a sliding scale and are ordered before a meal and at bedtime. The patient's blood sugar level is 317 mg/dL. Which formulation of insulin should the nurse prepare to administer? Lispro [Humalog] NPH No insulin should be administered. 70/30 mix
a
An elderly patient who has type 2 diabetes has a history of severe hypoglycemia. The patient's spouse asks the nurse what the optimum A1c level is for the patient. Which is correct? Below 8.0 Between 6.5 and 7.0 Between 7.0 and 8.5 Below 7.0
a
Which statement is correct about the contrast between acarbose and miglitol? Miglitol has not been associated with hepatic dysfunction. Miglitol has no gastrointestinal side effects. With miglitol, sucrose can be used to treat hypoglycemia. Miglitol is less effective in African Americans.
a
What is the most reliable measure for assessing diabetes control over the preceding 3-month period? Fasting blood glucose level Glycosylated hemoglobin level Patient's report Self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) graph report
b
A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes expresses concern about losing her vision. Which interventions should be included in the plan of care to reduce this risk? Select all that apply. Initiation of reliable contraception to prevent pregnancy Ways to reduce hyperglycemic episodes Use of a prokinetic drug (eg, metoclopramide) Smoking cessation Emphasis on the importance of taking antihypertensive drugs consistently
b,d,e
Insulin glargine is prescribed for a hospitalized patient who has diabetes. When will the nurse expect to administer this drug? After meals and at bedtime In the morning and at 4:00 PM Once daily at bedtime Approximately 15 to 30 minutes before each meal
c
Which statement is accurate about the long-term complications of diabetes? Optimal control of type 1 diabetes produces excessive episodes of life-threatening hypoglycemia. The complication rates for patients with optimally controlled type 2 diabetes are the same as for those whose disease is not optimally controlled. Optimal control of both types of diabetes reduces the risk of eye, kidney, and nerve damage. Long-term complications are almost always the result of hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis.
c
A nurse provides dietary counseling for a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which instruction should be included? a. "You may eat any foods you want and cover the glucose increase with sliding scale, regular insulin." b. "Most of the calories you eat should be in the form of protein to promote fat breakdown and preserve muscle mass." c. "Your total caloric intake should not exceed 1800 calories in a 24-hour period." d. "You should use a carbohydrate counting approach to maintain glycemic control."
d
To manage her diabetes appropriately and ensure a good fetal outcome, the pregnant woman with diabetes will need to alter her diet by Reducing carbohydrates in her diet Eating six small equal meals per day Increasing her consumption of protein Eating her meals and snacks on a fixed schedule
d
What is the best time for the nurse to assess the peak effectiveness of subcutaneously administered Regular insulin? Four hours after administration Immediately after administration Thirty minutes after administration Two hours after administration
d