SI 106 - Definitions and Examples
how to make a multi-line comment
""" """ (triple quotes)
how to indicate comments
#
If you do not know the number of arguments that will be passed into your function, there is a prefix you can add in the function definition, which prefix? def my_function( kids): print("The youngest child is " + kids[2])
*
If you do not know the number of keyword arguments that will be passed into your function, there is a prefix you can add in the function definition, which prefix? def my_function(kid): print("His last name is " + kid["lname"])
**
printing multiple variables (concatenation) uses which operator?
+
the ?? operator can only concatenate variables of the same type
+
minimum number of spaces for an indent
1
Year of Python's release
1991
How many spaces is a common indent
4
This code will print: x = 5.5 x = int(x) print(x)
5
Use the correct comparison operator to check if 5 is not equal to 10.
5 != 10
example of a complex number in python
5 + 2j
What is unpacking?
Assigning each element in a set to its own variable
The statement below would print a Boolean value, which one? print(10==9)
False
The statement below would print a Boolean value, which one? (print(10 < 9))
False
is 0 True or False?
False
you can combine a string and a number using the "+" operator
False
Inventor of Python
Guido van Rossum
What can a variable name include?
Letters, numbers, underscores
Pascal Case example
MyVariable
what is the return type of print()?
None
what does the continue statement do?
Skips the current iteration of a loop body
String variables can be declared using single quotes OR double quotes
True
print(bool("abc"))
True
what does the append method do?
adds a specified item at the end of a set
what does the add method do?
adds an item to a set (takes a single argument = the value to be added)
The len() function returns what?
an integer
Exit the loop when x is "banana". fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] for x in fruits: if x == "banana": ????
break
Stop the loop if i is 3. i = 1 while i < 6: if i == 3 ??? i += 1
break
how are variables created
by assigning a value to it
Local variables
can only be used within the function it was created in
Use the clear method to empty the car dictionary. car = { "brand": "Ford", "model": "Mustang", "year": 1964 }
car.clear()
Use the pop method to remove "model" from the car dictionary. (car = { "brand": "Ford", "model": "Mustang", "year": 1964})
car.pop("model")
Add the key/value pair "color" : "red" to the car dictionary. car = { "brand": "Ford", "model": "Mustang", "year": 1964 }
car["color"] = "red"
Change the "year" value from 1964 to 2020. car = { "brand": "Ford", "model": "Mustang", "year": 1964 }
car["year"] = 2020
Create a variable named carname and assign the value Volvo to it.
carname = "Volvo"
how to turn a number from integer to complex
complex()
In the loop, when i is 3, jump directly to the next iteration. (i = 0 while i < 6: i += 1 if i == 3: ???? print(i)
continue
In the loop, when the item value is "banana", jump directly to the next item. fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] for x in fruits: if x == "banana": ???? print(x)
continue
syntax to create a function named "my_function"
def my_function():
What does the break statement do?
exits the loop
Insert the correct syntax to convert x into a floating point number. x = 5 x = ??
float(x)
Loop through the items in the fruits list. fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
for x in fruits: print(x)
example of unpacking
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] x, y, z = fruits
Use the add method to add "orange" to the fruits set. fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
fruits.add("orange")
Use the discard method to remove "banana" from the fruits set. fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
fruits.discard("banana")
Use the insert method to add "lemon" as the second item in the fruits list. fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits.insert(1, "lemon")
Use the remove method to remove "banana" from the fruits set (fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"})
fruits.remove("banana")
Use the correct method to add multiple items (more_fruits) to the fruits set. fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"} more_fruits = ["orange", "mango", "grapes"]
fruits.update(more_fruits)
Change the value from "apple" to "kiwi", in the fruits list. fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
fruits[0] = "kiwi"
Insert the correct keyword to make the variable x belong to the global scope. def myfunc(): ??? x = "fantastic"
global x
what is the global keyword? (use "x" as variable)
global x
Print "Hello" if a is equal to b, or if c is equal to d.
if a == b or c == d: print("Hello")
Print "1" if a is equal to b, print "2" if a is greater than b, otherwise print "3" (a = 50, b = 10)
if a == b: print("1") elif a > b: print("2") else: print("3")
Print "Hello World" if a is greater than b. (a = 50, b = 10)
if a>b: print("Hello World")
Use the correct membership operator to check if "apple" is present in the fruits object. (fruits = ["apple", "banana"] if "apple" ???? fruits: print("Yes, apple is a fruit!"))
in
What is missing to check if "apple" is present in the fruits set? fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"} if "apple" ?? fruits: print("Yes, apple is a fruit!")
in
What is the insert method?
inserts a specified item into the list at the specified index (takes two arguments = 1st is the index of the item, 2nd is the item name
what does the update method do?
inserts specified items into a set (takes a single argument, the value of the items)
Python's system type
interpreter (code is executed as soon as it's written)
what is special about the discard method?
it does not raise an error if the specified item DNE
what is annoying about the remove method?
it raises an error if the specified item DNE
Variable names can start with
letters or underscores
What is the return type of range()?
list
Camel Case example
myVariable
Execute a function named my_function. def my_function():
my_function()
Snake Case Example
my_variable
Remove the illegal characters in the variable name: 2my-first_name = "John"
myfirst_name = "John"
Use the correct short hand syntax to write the following conditional expression in one line: (if 5 > 2: print("Yes") else: print("No"))
print("Yes") if 5 > 2 else print("No")
the function used to output a variable
print()
Use the get method to print the value of the "model" key of the car dictionary car = { "brand": "Ford", "model": "Mustang", "year": 1964 }
print(car.get("model"))
Use negative indexing to print the last item in the list. fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(fruits[-1])
Use the correct syntax to print the first item in the fruits tuple. fruits = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
print(fruits[0])
Print the second item in the fruits list. fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
print(fruits[1])
Use a range of indexes to print the third, fourth, and fifth item in the list. fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon", "mango"]
print(fruits[2:5])
what does the remove method do?
removes an element from a set (takes a single argument, the name of the element) (no return value)
what does the pop method do?
removes an element from a set (takes a single argument, the name of the element) (returns the value of the element in case it needs to be stored)
what does the strip method do?
removes any whitespace at the beginning and end of strings
what does the replace method do?
replaces a specified substring with a specified substring (takes 2 arguments = 1st is the substring to be replaced, 2nd is the substring that will take its place)
Let the function return the x parameter + 5. def my_function(x): ????
return x + 5
what does the get method do?
returns the element at a given position (takes one argument = the key name, returns the value name)
What is the return type of input()?
string
casting specifies...
the data type of the variable
why use the global keyword?
to make a variable usable outside of a function
comma separators can print out variables of different types together
true
variables are case-sensitive
true
variables can change types
true
Convert the value of txt to lower case. txt = "Hello World" txt = ??
txt.lower()
Replace the character H with a J. txt = "Hello world" txt = ???
txt.replace("H", "J")
Convert the value of txt to upper case. txt = "Hello World" txt = ??
txt.upper()
Get the characters from index 2 to index 4 txt = "hello world" x = ??
txt[2:5}
find the data type of "John"
type("John")
Print i as long as i is less than 6. (i = 1)
while i < 6: print(i) i += 1
assign the same value "orange" to multiple variables x, y, z on the same line of code
x = y = z = "orange"
Assign x, y, z variables to "orange", "banana" and "cherry" on the same line of code
x, y, z = "orange", "banana", "cherry"
