smartbook assignment ch 6
The strategies used in matching manufacturing involves using differentiated strategies in terms of the desired degree of product and service accommodation.
True
True or false: A product's aesthetic used by many consumers to judge quality.
True
True or false: Firms may look to suppliers as a source of innovation to improve existing products.
True
True or false: Operational integration typically involves alliances or partnerships with selected suppliers.
True
Operational integration occurs when buyers and sellers begin to integrate their processes and activities in an attempt to achieve substantial performance improvement. Such integration typically involves ___ with selected suppliers to reduce total cost and improve operational integration.
alliances
While the four strategic approaches are sometimes thought of as increasing stages of procurement sophistication and each may be ___ in certain circumstances.
appropriate
A key step in determining procurement strategies, is to understand exactly what the firm is currently ___ and how much is actually being spent on each purchased item or service.
buying
In the end, quality is in the eyes of ____.
customers
Conformance refers to whether a firms' products actually meet the precise ___ as designed.
description
Top management commitment and support; maintaining a customer focus in product, service, and process performance; integrated operations within and between organizations; and commitment to continuous improvement are all basic ___ of TQM.
elements
The ___ of "waste" is actually the defining principle of lean.
elimination
The logistics interface with other functional areas can be greatly enhanced by incorporating a concept known as design-for-___ into the early phases of product design.
logistics
The variety of products in a batch process is significantly ___ than in a job shop, but is too large for resources to be dedicated to a single product or family of products.
lower
The simplest approach to ___ is to allow users in the organization to determine their own purchase needs, evaluate sources of supply, and execute the purchasing process.
procurement
In a repetitive flow process, a major disadvantage is the workers become bored or do not have a good understanding of the final ___ since they only perform one small step out of hundreds or thousands.
product
Procurement is critical to the ___ requirements of every organization.
quality
Serviceability, the ease of fixing or repairing a product that fails, is an important aspect of ___ for some customers.
quality
The primary objective of six-sigma programs is to design and improve products and processes so that variability is ___ .
reduced
When considering total costs for an organization, ___ costs and ___ cycle costs must be considered.
service, life
Managing the procurement of logistics services should be given the same ___ considerations as any other category of products or services.
strategic
A fundamental decision that must be made in every organization relates to which products and services should be made or performed internally by the organization itself and which should be purchased from a ___.
supplier
The interface between logistics and procurement links an organization with its ___ and therefore has significant implications for achieving procurement objectives.
suppliers
MTO strategies differ from ETO in that customers typically order from standardized product designs that may be somewhat customized to meet a specific ___ need.
customer
The decision made regarding products and services, alternative strategic approaches to deal with external suppliers in order to developed and appropriate strategic approaches that must be determined for the different types of products and services which the organization buys is part of which strategy?
Procurement
What does reliability refer to, in connection to numbers of breakdowns and repairs that a customer experiences after a purchase?
Products
Which of the following will the quality of used materials and components not influence?
Proposals
A six-sigma program is a technique used to improve which of the following, in addition to process improvement within a firm?
Quality
Conformance is not measured by looking at which of the following of an organization?
Repair
Which of the following are not prospective customers in manufacturing?
Wholesalers
Which of the following would be considered features of a smartphone?
Wi-fi connectivity
While everyone wants a quality product, not all may agree that a particular item or brand has all of the quality ___ desired.
attributes
While unique procurement problems involve a small percentage of a firm's spend, supply risk is high and lack of ___ can cause significant operational problems to the buyer.
availability
Continuous processes are used for high-volume products, where the demand for the products is very large and can justify the ___ investment necessary.
capital
Make-to-plan strategies are ___ of companies exploiting economy of scale gained from long production runs utilizing line or continuous flow processes.
characteristic
One of the core objectives of procurement is to ensure that a ___ supply of material, parts, and components is available to certain manufacturing operations.
continuous
Considerable focus on procurement objectives is placed on ensuring continuous supply, inventory minimization, quality improvement, gaining access to technology and innovation, and lowest total ___ of ownership.
cost
The routing strategy focuses on reducing buying effort to reduce ___.
cost
Mass customization is the desire on the part of many manufacturers to get the ___ advantages of high volume continuous and line ___ processes while increasing variety for customers.
cost, flow
Reliability is also concerned with the number of breakdowns or repairs that a ___ experiences after purchase.
customer
The manufacturing strategies differ considerably in their ability to meet individual ___ requirements for exact product specification and therefore the logistical requirements required to support their use.
customer
Firms look to suppliers as sources of innovation and new technology to aid in the ___ of new products and the improvement of existing ones.
design
The increasing importance of procurement has been the recognition or potential ___ savings from a viable procurement strategy.
dollar
Total quality management is a philosophy supported by a _______ system focused on meeting customer expectations with respect to all needs, from departments or functions of an organization, whether the customer is internal or external, a supply partner, or a consumer.
managerial
An important step in developing an effective procurement strategy is volume consolidation, a ___ strategy accomplished through reduction in the number of suppliers.
procurement
The goal of just-in-time is to time-phase activities so that purchased materials and products arrive just at the time they are required for the ___ process.
transformation
How is the concept of design-for-logistics for materials and components being ready for assembly or transportation applied?
As-needed
Just-in-time serves as having material arrive at which moment during the production process, in order to minimizes inventory?
At the moment
Is concentrating on a larger volume of purchases with a supplier, and advantage or disadvantage?
Advantage
The style, materials, and visual appeal that customers use to judge the quality of products is referred to as?
Aesthetics
True or false: Each customer order can involve the same materials and inputs.
False
True or false: Like routine purchases, leverage purchases involve high supply risk.
False
True or false: Perceived quality is based on a customer's experience prior to purchasing a product.
False
True or false: Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, make-to-plan has not been the dominant manufacturing strategy.
False
What was the procurement of logistics services previously referred to as?
Indirect spend
Which of the following is not part of the continuous process?
Inefficient
ETO products require an entirely new design as materials required for productions are not carried in which of the following components?
Inventory
What is the term used when operational processes are very efficient and have few wasted resources?
Lean
Which outsourcing service will increase and lead to the concept of performance-based logistics?
Logistics
What level of supply risk does routine purchases involve (percentage-wise) of a firm's total spend?
Low
Which of the following is not one of the four common manufacturing strategies?
Make-to-produce
With which stakeholder is there a strong emphasis in concentrating purchases within a strategic relationship?
Manufacturer
What occurs to raw material and work-in-process inventories as a result of reducing or eliminating reserve stocks?
Minimizes
Which of the following is an attribute necessary to meet customer requirements by supply chain logistics?
On-time delivery
Shifting from adversarial, transaction focused negotiation with suppliers to implementing which of the following is the new strategic emphasis on procurement?
Operations and marketing
User buy will still be common for some items even in organizations that have which centralized function?
Procurement
Which process does the Pareto effect apply to?
Procurement
What type of maintenance must be performed in order to extend the life span of a product?
Repair,Preventative
Batch process is a higher-volume job shop that produces products with which method?
Repetitively
Besides "purchased goods," what is among the largest cost element for most firms?
Services
Which of the following can stock-outs of raw material lead to for production?
Shut down
Approaches such as manufacturing postponement and ATO have been implemented in some organizations for which of the following reasons in countering a problem?
Solutions
The advantage of the repetitive flow process is that the workers have to achieve which status level within their jobs?
Specialization
What level of performance in a product is generally an objective attribute that is used to compare items and brands?
Superior
Without serviceability, customers consider products that can be repaired quickly at the least cost to have which of the following?
Superior quality
The opportunity for value management stems from achieving operational integration with the following stakeholder.
Suppliers
The appropriate strategic focus to maintain multiple sources of supply and use of long-term contracts to assure continuity within which component?
Supply
Durability refers to the actual life ___ of a product.
expectancy
Perceived quality is based on customers' ___ before, during, and after they purchase a product.
experience
By postponing final assembly operations, manufacturers avoid holding large amounts and varieties of finished ___.
goods
For a manufacturing firm to effectively compete, it must be able to ___ manufacturing capability into a meaningful marketing value proposition.
integrate
Value management is an even more intense aspect of supplier ___, going beyond a focus on buyer-seller operations to a more comprehensive and sustainable relationship.
integration
Customers frequently ___ quality of specific products on the basis of the number of functions or tasks that they perform independent of reliability or durability.
judge
A job shop process provides high flexibility to produce a variety of different products, but in ___ volumes.
limited
Performance-based logistics is used to buy what the military has traditionally referred to as ___ support.
logistics
Downtime due to ___ shortages was minimized by maintaining large inventories of material and components to protect against potential ___ in supply.
material, disruption
Firms are involved in the manufacturing of products, and converting raw materials, parts, and components into finished products to meet the ___ of customers.
needs
In an engineer-to-order strategy, products are unique and extensively customized for the specific ___ of individual customers.
needs
Developing effective procurement strategy is a complex process, requiring considerable analysis of the most appropriate means to accomplish its many different ___.
objectives
Volume consolidation and supplier ___ integration are typically employed for leverage purchases.
operational
Assemble to order is based on manufacturing products in anticipation of future customer orders. However, what must the customer do in order to finish and complete the product?
order
There are four basic manufacturing process structures that differ in terms of meeting a firm's production requirements related to the volume of ___ required and the variety of products that can easily be produced by the process structure.
output
The most obvious aspect of quality from a customer's viewpoint is ___, or how well the product actually performs in comparison to how it was designed to perform.
performance
The difference in ___ between a traditional adversarial and more contemporary collaborative procurement strategy can be summarized as a focus on total cost of ownership (TCO).
perspective
In a competitive marketplace, no company dares fall behind in providing ___ to its customers.
quality
Which is not one of the four alternative procurement strategies?
Controller support
What has an influential appeal in a company's decision in choosing whether insourcing or outsourcing will be pursued?
Cost
Procurement may also link organization's linkage with which of the following?
Customers
What is the main product constraint for manufacturers not being able to store make-to-order inventories?
Customization
Companies that require high volume production of small variety of products are likely to use the same basic processes as those that produce small quantities of many different products.
False
True or false: Critical purchases are typically the strategic items and services that involve a low level of expenditure and are not considered vital to the organization's success.
False
