SOC 211 Exam 1
The Bell Curve examines race as it is correlated to
IQ
ethical issues facing ethnographers include all of the following except
protecting informants' blood samples and other biological information
the social, economic, and political processes of transforming populations into races and creating racial meanings is called
racialization
anthropologists overcome ethnocentrism by
seeing matters from the point of view of another culture
in "Mixed Blood" Fish compares race in the USA and
Brazil
which of the following groups were considered nonwhite racial groups?
Jews, Italians, Finns
in which of the following locations would you find an anthropologist doing field work
a factory, a mental institution, a New York City neighborhood, the Amazon rain forest
which of the following is the most significant aspect of the salvage paradigm
anthropologists need to collect information from societies before they die out
The subfield of anthropology that studies the material remains of past cultures, often focusing on the rise of cities, is called
archaelogy
name one subfield of anthropology
archaeology
a paradigm that emphazises humans that are made up of complex biological, cultural, and psychological processes is
biocultural
the subfield of anthropology that studies human evolution, including human genetics and human nutrition, is called
biological anthropology
cultural anthropologists do research by
building trusting relationships with people over a long period of time
a misconception about hormones in society is that
certain hormones are linked solely to a specific sex, they are important only for sexual functioning, sex-specific hormones cause particular behaviors
name two methods or techniques of studying culture
comparative method, rapid appraisal
the people anthropologists gather data from are called
consultants
the things people make and use are referred to as
cultural artifacts
the moral and intellectual principle that one should withhold judgment about seemingly strange or exotic beliefs and practices is
cultural relativism
negative or unfair treatment of a person because of his or her group membership or identity is
discrimination
assuming your culture's way of doing things is the best is
ethnocentrism
what does Spradley describe as "the work if describing a culture"?
ethnography
a major problem with the approach to race that defines race as reproductively isolated breeding populations is that
every breeding population qualifies as a race, it is essentially trait-based, it does not allow for cultural factors to be included
all humans are born with some culture
false
anthropologists do not consider unstructured, casual conversation data
false
archaeologists never excavate sites where written historical documentation exists; that documentation provides a complete and accurate description of the way the people actually lived
false
diversity defined anthropologically is
focuses on multiplicity and variety
what is the term for the cultural expectations places on males and females
gender
an anthropologist might consider doing ''anthropology at a distance'' because
he or she has no research funding to go into the field, there is conflict or violence in the field site produced by others
which of the following is a dilemma facing an ethnographer of transgender people in the United States
how one's research or advocacy can reinforce social inequalities and suffering
individuals who diverge from the male-female norm and exhibit sexual organs and functions somewhere between, including both male and female, are called
intersexed
why did Liberian rebel soldiers cross-dress during the civil war in the 1990s?
it distinguished them from the government's soldiers
name two cultural universals
kinship, family bonds, supernatural belief system
name two characteristics of culture
learned, dynamic
the affects and feelings we experience as humans
may not have an exact equivalent in another culture
anthropologists believe that our behavior is influenced by
nature and nurture
the flexibility of the brain is called
neural plasticity
intelligence is
not marked by a single fixed gene
this type of interaction may include playing basketball, cooking, dining, or having coffee with informants
participant observation
which of the following is the defining methodology to the discipline of anthropology
participant observation
a performed, usually unfavorable, opinion about people who are different is
prejudice
ethnocentrism
presents a major problem for anthropologists, means you think your culture is superior to others, is a common feature of culture
a cross-cultural perspective on eating insect larvae would reveal
the artificiality of taste, the cultural constructions of insects as food, that eating insects can be adaptive
all biological approaches to race are problematic because
they rarely describe an actual individual or characterize whole groups of people, the sampling is too specific and focuses only on visible traits, one trait tends to be representative of other characteristics like intelligence and personal character
the most enduring and ritualized aspects of culture are referred to as
traditions
anthropologists agree that, in addition to prejudice and discrimination, unearned privilege uphold social inequality
true
anthropologists are deeply skeptical of grandiose claims about biological destiny and the belief that nature explains all of our behavior
true
genetically speaking, humans are a remarkably homogenous species: there is far greater variation within human groups than there is between them
true
in ''Ethnography and Culture" Spradley describes what it would be like for an Inuit woman to study life at a college
true
patterns of social inequality and racial discrimination have important biological consequences for certain groups, such as African Americans
true
ethnopsychology is largely concerned with
understanding how other societies make sense of selves, persons, and emotions