Social justice midterm
CEM (cognitive emotional methodology) Step 1
How do I feel? All feelings are valid and more than one feeling is likely
Entry level jobs
Human-services worker (assistants to social workers) •Homemaker-home health aide •Nursing assistant •Psychiatric aide •Hot line worker
Value Conflict or Ethical Dilemma-H
Hypothesize possible courses of action
Social welfare in colonial america
In Colonial America, there was no government policy providing for the poor and so charity was relied upon. The provision of indoor relief by establishing almshouses or workhouses was a carry over from England and fit well with the Puritan work ethic of the colonists.
Gandhi Murdered
In India by an extremist (1948)
Immigration Act of 1917
banned the illiterate (more likely to be from southern and eastern Europe) and increased restrictions on Asian immigrants- This exempted immigrants from Mexico and Central America to "ensure good relationships" with those countries and to ensure "a cheap, reliable workforce"
Social insurance
based on contribution, is a tool for mitigating life-cycle risks and covers such risks as illness, unemployment, old age and injury.
Policy is meaningful if we (society, a group or an organization)
believe we can affect change in some form or other. Policy is action- oriented and problem-oriented sense
Cold war
between US and Soviet Union (1945-1989 - anti-communism and "Red Scare" sentiments grow in US and Britain)
Fast-tracked decolonization of African countries
by European powers
1st Wave of Feminism
voting and property rights focus, white-centric
Social justice is concerned
with who ought to get what, social welfare is about meeting human needs
2018
zero tolerance immigration policy
Social justice movements
• Propelled by people directly affected by systemic oppression • Organized around common identities, shared experience, or shared purpose • Demand a shift or expansion of POWER • Built to be responsive to critical opportunities to disrupt status quo of power • Usually intersect with other movements around mutual interests and disenfranchisement
Work and Happiness: The Human cost of welfare
• Social work profession was built to respond to poverty and crime • Listen for values in action in decisions, policies, and perspectives
Professional Values—NASW Code
• "...to enhance human well-being and help meet the basic human needs of all people, with particular attention to the needs and empowerment of people who are vulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty." • "Social workers promote social justice and social change with and on behalf of clients. "Clients" is used inclusively to refer to individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. Social workers are sensitive to cultural and ethnic diversity and strive to end discrimination, oppression, poverty, and other forms of social injustice. These activities may be in the form of direct practice, community organizing, supervision, consultation, administration, advocacy, social and political action, policy development and implementation, education, and research and evaluation.
Core values and ethics
• Service, social justice, dignity&worth, importance of human relationships, integrity, competence
What is social welfare?
•A system that provides assistance to needy individuals and families. The types and amount of welfare available to individuals and families vary depending on the country, state or region.
HOW TO BREAK A RECORD
•Awareness •Re-examine • New information/experience
Examples of social injustice
•Discrimination •Ageism •Homophobia •Unfair labor practices •Racial discrimination •Discrimination due to gender orientation •Ethnicity
Qualities needed to work with people
•Interest in people •Understanding of people •Good listening skills •Empathy •Trustworthiness •Assertiveness •Objectivity •Ability to make independent decisions •Ability to handle conflict •Good negotiating skills
Jobs in Helping Professions that require some training
•Police officer •Physical therapy assistant •Occupational therapy assistant (help children with special needs)
2005 saw a failed act - Border Protection Anti-Terrorism and Illegal Immigration Control Act
(passed the house, not the senate) - Would have been illegal to assist any undocumented person
Israel declared an Independent state
(war 1948-49 when armistice agreements were reached)
2002 Homeland Security Act
- response to Sept 11, condensed all US Security apparatus under one Department (ICE, USCIS)
3 categories of jobs in the helping professions
1. Entry Level - a person needs little or no experience •2. Paraprofessional - need training •3. Professional - need a college degree
Nellie Bly
1887, ten days in a madhouse
League of physically handicapped
1920s, fought for employment rights during the Depression
We are not Alone
1940s, psychiatric patients who supported transition from hospitalization back to community
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
1948
National institute of mental health
1948, formed by President Truman
Apartheid in South Africa begins
1948-94
NARC
1950, National association for retarded children- formed by many local groups with children with developmental disabilities to alternative forms of care and education for these children (by 1960, had tens of thousands of members across the country)
Rehabilitation Act
1973, first to specifically address disability discrimination, but required a sit in and four years of fighting for implementation (1977)
Education of all handicapped children act
1975, guaranteed children with disabilities the right to public school education
War on Drugs/War on Poverty
1980s
ADA Amendments Act
2008
Obama's election
2008
Don't Ask, Don't tell repealed
2010
Supreme Court threw out Defense of Marriage Act
2012
Marriage Equality 2004 (MA)
2014 (36 states +DC), 2016 Federal (Iowa 2009-3rd after MA and CT)
The helping professional
A profession that nurtures the growth of or addresses the problems of a person's physical, psychological, intellectual, emotional or spiritual well-being •Including medicine, nursing, psychotherapy, psychological counseling, social work, education, life coaching and ministry.
American with disabilities act
ADA, 1990
Core values and ethics-integrity
Act responsibly and ethically
Examples of social justice movements
American Revolution (monarchy to democracy) • Abolitionist • Labor • Civil Rights • Women's Rights • LGBQ Rights (Sexual Expression) • Trans/Intersex Rights (Gender Justice) • Indigenous Rights • Environmental Justice • Reproductive Justice • Economic Justice
Equality
As giving opportunities to everyone regardless of their identity
Equity
As giving opportunities to everyone that individually fits them
Harvey milk
Assassinated November 1978
Changing patterns after the revolution
Between the time of the Revolution and the Civil War a shift to outdoor relief occurred: aid was provided in the form of work relief projects and in-kind benefits. Also, this time period saw the rise of the voluntary sector with its emphasis on charitable institutions.
The origins of racial classifications
Borrowing from his practice as a botanist, used external features to categorize plants. He later used external differences as his basis for classifying people •Von Linne divided humans into four main groups on the basis of physical and psychological impressions •EUROPEANS, who were fair, gentle, acute, inventive, and governed by laws. •AMERICANS, who were copper colored, obstinate, content, and freely regulated by customs. •ASIASTICS, who were sooty, severe, haughty, and governed by opinions. •AFRICANS, who were black, crafty, indolent (Lazy), negligent, governed by caprice(impulse).
A not so rosy picture
Both the Clinton and G. W. Bush administrations concluded that the welfare reform legislation was a resounding success because it achieved the intended outcome: a reduction in the welfare rolls and expenditures for welfare programs. But there is another side to this story. There is a rapidly growing underclass of individuals in the United States who, even though they work at one and often two jobs, are unable to lift themselves and their families out of poverty. These families no longer qualify for government assistance, yet they are unable to move out of poverty. The children born into these families are at high risk of repeating the pattern for themselves and their families. The long-term impacts of the latest round of welfare reform have yet to be fully understood.
Human rights proclaimed
By the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on December 10, 1948. Translated into 500 languages, first time fundamental human rights were set out and considered a legal necessity to be universally protected
1973
Change of American Psychiatric Association diagnosis of being queer as longer a "mental disorder"
2001
patriot act
Common process: strategic use of self
Cognitive emotional methodology for critical thinking, developed for students in social work to guide experiential learning, emotions, thought and actions inform each other
Value Conflict or Ethical Dilemma-C
Consult with supervisor, colleagues, literature
Core values and ethics-Competence
Continuously build knowledge and skills
NASW Ethical Principles-Social work Profession
Contribute time and expertise, support professionalism
1994
Don't Ask, Don't Tell signed into law
Conservatism in the mid-1960s and early 1970s
During the Nixon and Reagan administrations, many New Deal and Great Society programs were dismantled or reduced in size. In reaction to the Vietnam War, the "antiestablishment" movement, inner city rioting, and inflation, many middle class Americans shifted to a wave of conservatism. Many welfare reform measures were introduced but not passed. Nixon's Family Assistance Plan (FAP) would have eliminated public assistance programs.
Value conflict or ethical dilemma
ETHICS
1891
Ellis Island and Detention Center Established, very first; 1924 US Border Patrol formed under the Bureau of Immigration
Value Conflict or Ethical Dilemma-E
Examine relevant facts and values
Values in Action: Social welfare practices-Application
Extended Elizabethan Poor Laws to the U. S. colonies • Vagrants, involuntarily unemployable, and the helpless • Almsgiving to "residents" and the "deserving poor" • Framed people with disabilities and mental illness as morally incompatible with a productive society à institutionalization • Established standards of deviance and social order
2nd Wave of Feminism (1960s and 1970s)
Forced out of the workplace after WWII (A League of Their Own), reproduction-1960s-birth control, 1973-Roe vs Wade
The George W. Bush Years
George W. Bush ushered in a new era of social welfare policy when he became president in 2000. Bush argued that government cannot solve every problem but can encourage people and communities to help themselves and one another. He asserted that the truest kind of compassion is to help citizens build lives of their own. He termed his philosophy and approach "compassionate conservatism". Bush's campaign of compassionate conservatism resonated well with a broad range of Americans who were strongly influenced by the antiwelfare rhetoric of the late 1990s but who also believed in the need to reach out and help those who were less fortunate. In many ways the principle of compassionate conservatism reflected the social welfare principles of colonial America: limited government intervention, personal responsibility, the importance of family values, and the role of the faith community and the private sector in addressing the social welfare needs of the citizenry.
The new deal
Greater federal involvement in the provision of social welfare services began with the New Deal legislation. Because of the widespread effects of the Great Depression, the pattern of blaming the poor for their condition was temporarily put aside. Government employment programs, such as the Works Progress Administration and the Civilian Conservation Corps, created work activities designed to be temporary in nature and to allow some individuals to earn income rather than rely on charity.
1981
HIV/AIDS crisis, lack of health care, isolation, fear, shame, lack of government engagement/research
Core values and ethics-service
Help people in need and address problems
Caring for specific populations
In addition to Charity Organization Societies, many other private charities emerged to address special problem areas, such as the Orphan's Home Movement that established institutions for children with deceased parents. Other special populations for whom institutions were established included the blind, deaf, and mentally ill. Toward the end of the 19th century, many states developed centralized agencies seeking to ensure a better quality of care for institutional inmates. Dorothea Dix advocated for the establishment of federal institutions for the mentally ill, but that responsibility was left to the states with the federal government providing assistance for selected groups such as veterans. The settlement house movement, sparked by the initiative of social worker Jane Addams at Hull House in Chicago, addressed the needs of the wave of immigrants from southern Europe entering the country in the late 1800s and early 1900s.
Three dimensions of social policy
Inner core(social protection), second outer ring(investigating in people), the third outer ring (supporting social development)
Social justice is important because
It is a concept of fair and just relations between the individual and society, assigns rights and duties in the institutions of society(which enables people to receive the basic benefits and burdens of cooperation.)
2003
Laws criminalizing sex between gays were ruled unconstitutional
Anti Terrorism & Effective Death Penalty Act of 1994
Made detainment and deportation of "suspected" terrorists easier
China in turmoil (war and famine)
Mao ZeDong/Guomingtang leadership split (official in 1949)
Women's rights movement-US
Me too movement, male birth control, white feminists vs non-white feminists vs queer feminists, 1st wave of feminism, 2nd wave of feminism
1965 protest
Picketed the White House, 1 st major gay protest
Racism=P2+P
Prejudice by itself does not constitute racism. •Neither does power by itself. •But when people use their position of power, be it political or institutional, to reinforce their prejudices and to enforce them so that as a result of their racial prejudices the life chances, rights and opportunities of others are limited. •The result is Racism.
Cutbacks in the Reagan-G.H.W.Bush Years
President Reagan's primary response to social welfare was to drastically cut many programs. His attempt to shift the financial and administrative responsibility for the Food Stamp and AFDC programs to the states failed to gain congressional support. In 1988, Congress passed the Family Support Act that mandated that states provide job training and support for most AFDC recipients in an effort to reduce the welfare rolls. Those who were able to find jobs also received childcare assistance and health insurance for up to one year after employment was obtained. Parts of the act were not implemented until 1992.
Welfare Reform and the Late 70s
Problems relating to addressing the needs of the poor continued and social welfare costs increased. Welfare reforms continued to be debated but no substantial changes were made in the welfare system. President Carter proposed a welfare reform program that increased public service jobs and established earned income tax credit programs for the poor, but it was not adopted.
Health and welfare services
Programs authorized as health and welfare services under the act include child welfare, vocational rehabilitation, public health services, and services for children with physical disabilities. These services are elaborated on in Chapters 8-11.
Ethical hierarchy
Protection of life(duty to warn/protect), Equality/inequality (those without power), self-determination, least harm, quality of life, privacy/confidentiality, truthfulness/full disclosure
Values in the US
Protestant work ethic • Working as duty to God • Idleness and indulgences seen as sinful (unless you are wealthy) • Competition & personal wealth • Christian role of charity • Calvinistic depravity, predestination, and reformation • Independence & individual liberty • Directness • Control over environment • Equality of opportunity
Public Assistance
Public Assistance was based on "need" and was not established as a right earned through employment. This program was administered by states with state funding and matched by the federal government. There were three categories: Old Age Assistance, Aid to Dependent Children, and Aid to the Blind. Public Assistance generally is referred to as welfare by the public.
Social justice issues
Racism, gender, sexuality, nationality, education, religion
Social welfare practices Examples
Revolutionary War and Industrial Revolution • Emancipation Proclamatio n • WWI, the Great Depression and the New Deal • Fair Labor Standards Act • Social Security Act • War on Poverty and the Great Society (1960s)
1969
STONEWALL
NASW Ethical Principles-professionals
Scope of practice, do not condone discrimination or dishonesty, manage private conduct, practice self-care
Value Conflict or Ethical Dilemma-S
Secure, support, and evaluate decision
Jim Crow Laws-The New Jim Crow (13th)
Segregated schools, restrooms, businesses, transportation
NASW Ethical Principles-Clients
Self-determination, consent, confidentiality, do no harm
World War II
September 1, 1939 - September 2, 1945
Social policy, social welfare, social justice and equality nexus
Social policy and social welfare are known as the "great equalizer" as they help to redistribute resources and foster social cohesion in our country. This then results in more equality and social justice in society. Equality is the state of being equal with respect to something. For example, equality does not focus on group differences based on race, sex, social class, etc. Equality must not be confused with equity. Equity acknowledges that society has many groups that have not always been given equal treatment and/or have not had a "level playing field". Equity is the condition of being fair or just.
Current trends in social welfare policy
Social welfare policy concerns those interrelated, but not necessarily logically consistent principles, guidelines, and procedures designed to deal with the problem of dependency in society. Social welfare policy can be located at various levels of operation, namely: Macro (such as broad laws, regulations, or guidelines that provide the basic framework for the provision of services and benefits Meso (for example the administrative policy that organizations generate to direct and regularise their operations Micro levels (for instance what happens when individual line social workers translate macro and meso level policy into actual services to clients (Popple & Leighninger, 1998).
Social insurance
Social Insurance, commonly referred to as Social Security, consisted of two important benefit programs: Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance (OASDI) and unemployment insurance.
NASW Ethical Principles-Colleagues
avoid unwarranted criticism, use/offer consultation, address impairment
Summary
Social welfare development in America has been fragmented and lacks a comprehensive conceptual framework for its development. It continues to be in a constant state of evolution as the U.S. struggles with mitigating the effects of a market-based economy on certain segments of the population
What jobs in Helping Professions require Higher Education?
Social worker •Counselor •Psychologist •Psychiatrist •Most of these professions have relatively low pay for the level of responsibility
Our english heritage
Some of the precedents set in England include a national policy for the poor; indoor relief, or the provision of serving the poor by placing them in institutions; and the categorization of the poor into two basic groups, the worthy poor and the able-bodied (or unworthy) poor. Other precedents set by the Elizabethan Poor Law include: 1) clear government responsibility for those in need 2) government authority to force people to work 3) government enforcement of family responsibility 4) responsibility for carrying out programs at the local level 5) strict residence requirements
Cognitive emotional methodology
Step 1. What do I feel?, Step 2: what do I believe ?, Step 3: what do I know ?
The Clinton Years
Supporters and opponents alike of government's role in the provision of services to the poor agreed that "welfare as we know it" had not been effective. In his first term of office, President Clinton pushed unsuccessfully for health care reform, reasoning that health problems and lack of affordable health care were major barriers for many AFDC recipients to leave the welfare roles. Clinton also sought a wider role for states in the design of federal welfare programs. Pressed by a Republican-dominated Congress and now mainstream view that welfare had created a system of dependence, the federal Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act was passed in 1996, charging each state with administering various public assistance programs, including AFDC. This legislation changed AFDC to Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF), moving it from an entitlement program to one of time-limited stays on assistance and stringent work requirements. Many states implemented "work first" programs, and while the economy remained, strong many recipients moved off the welfare rolls. However, most recipients moved into "dead-end," minimum wage jobs without healthcare or other benefits
Race and Racism
THE ORIGINS OF RACIAL CLASSIFICATION •Carl Von Linne
Results from the origins of racial classification
Taxonomy led others to enlarge upon the notion that race was scientifically based rather than being a creation of European theories. •Johann Blumenbach (1775) was the first to use the word RACE to classify humans.
The great society programs
The Lyndon Baines Johnson years were the next period of broadening government involvement in social welfare. The Great Society and the War on Poverty expanded benefits to the poor. The Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 specifically sought to go beyond the traditional definition of the individual nature of poverty by changing institutional structures that had failed to provide opportunities for all citizens. The shift in focus from the War on Poverty to the war in Vietnam resulted in a lack of attention to these new programs, and the new administration of Richard Nixon saw the demise of many of them.
The social security act
The Social Security Act is explained as the most significant piece of legislation enacted in the U.S. because it recognized that unemployment is the result of an ever-shifting market-place and because it was designed to be a permanent resource system administered by the federal government. The provisions of the Act, social insurance, and public assistance are explained briefly in this chapter, although they are elaborated on in Chapter 7.
SOCIAL WELFARE: THE POST-SOCIAL SECURITY ERA
The period since passage of the Social Security Act has been tumultuous, including three wars, a long-standing cold war, and periods of economic upswings as well as recessions and depressions.
NASW Code of ethics
The profession has an obligation to articulate its basic values, ethical principles, and ethical standards. The NASW Code of Ethics sets forth these values, principles, and standards to guide social workers' conduct. The Code is relevant to all social workers and social work students, regardless of their professional functions, the settings in which they work, or the populations they serve." "The Code is designed to help social workers identify relevant considerations when professiona l obligations conflict or ethical uncertainties arise." • "Social workers also should be aware of the impact on ethical decision making of their clients' and their own personal values and cultural and religious beliefs and practices. They should be aware of any conflicts between personal and professional values and deal with them responsibly."
Caring for the Urban Poor
The voluntary sector flourished in the big cities of the 19th century with various organizations established to alleviate the suffering of the poor. The New York Society for the Prevention of Pauperism (1817) used friendly visitors to assess and respond to the needs of the poor. The Association for Improving the Conditions of the Poor (1843) required an assessment of individuals' needs so that relief agencies could be more effective. Buffalo's Charity Organization Society (COS) sought to organize charities in an effort to prevent duplication of services and reduce dependency on charitable efforts and also incorporated the use of friendly visitors.
Well-being of human beings
There are three direct mechanisms by which governments seek to promote the well -being of human beings: (a) Through the introduction of social services such as education, housing, income security and family, and community welfare (b) Through the use of statutory regulation. Governments regularly enact legislation that mandates employers, home-owners, educational institutions, commercials firms, and many others to adopt measures that have a direct impact on human well -being and (c) Through the tax system (Midgley, et al ., 2000) All the foregoing speak to social policy and social welfare interventions.
Value Conflict or Ethical Dilemma-T
Think about ethical standards/conflicts involved
Definition of social welfare and its relationship to social work
This chapter provides a definition of social welfare and discusses the values perspectives that have shaped the development of U.S. social welfare policy. Social welfare is seen as a broad system intended to maintain the well-being of individuals within a society. U.S. social welfare policy is put in historical context from its roots in England to the policies of the present time. The student should understand the progression from the feudal system and church provisions for the poor prior to the Elizabethan Poor Law to the gradual assumption of responsibility for the poor by government. This responsibility was assumed not out of altruism and concern for the poor, but rather as a process of standardizing the ways in which the poor were to be managed.
Core values and ethics-dignity & worth
Treat each person with respect and care; promote self-determination
The value base of social welfare
Values are assumptions, convictions, or beliefs about the ways people should behave and the principles that should govern behavior; they may vary with socialization experiences. The history of the development of social welfare reflects differences in values as they relate to social responsibility for making provisions for the needy. Our society has been influenced by such values as Judeo-Christian humanitarianism, the economic doctrine of laissez faire, and community values that maintain that we are all members of society and therefore entitled to share in its productive effort. These values all influence our present social welfare structure.
Internalized oppression
What I can't stand about what oppression has done to my group is... Or What I hate about my group is...
CEM (cognitive emotional methodology) Step 2
What do I believe?
CEM (cognitive emotional methodology) Step 4
What do I do?
CEM (cognitive emotional methodology) Step 3
What do I know?
Carl Von Linne
a botanist, developed our modern system of animal and plant classification. Color distinctions became the basis for differentiating between peoples.
Investing in people-the second outer ring
a broader definition of social policy extends to health, education and labor market policies. investing in people, a concept which is essential for the economic function of social policy
Human rights
a right that is believed to belong justifiably to every person regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion or any other status. Everyone is entitled to this without discrimination
Social welfare refers to
a system of arrangements, programs and mechanisms-formal or informal, governmental or non-governmental- that try to meet the needs of individuals and families who cannot fulfill such needs through their own resources
Social assistance
a tool for poverty alleviation-is generally financed from the public budget and may take the form of financial assistance to people in need of subsidies.
Personal Responsibility & Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996
all immigrants banned from using government resources
Public utilities
an important issue in urban areas and have a strong impact on health and poverty
JFK - proposed Civil Rights Act
approved after his death in 1964, with support from President Johnson
Social welfare programmes
are the products of social welfare policies
Human needs
are those resources people require to survive as individuals and to function appropriately in their society
Core values and ethics-social justice
challenge social injustice with and on behalf of vulnerable and oppressed people
NASW Ethical Principles
clients, colleagues, practice settings, professionals, social work profession, the broader society
All these policy areas have a strong social aspect, and it is vital that they be taken into account in the
design and implementation of a comprehensive and integrated social policy
Social policy can be seen as
discrete academic discipline and an interdisciplinary field
policy as an interdisciplinary field
drawing on and developing links with other cognate disciplines at every stage and overlapping at times with these in terms of both empirical foci and methods of analysis
NASW Ethical Principles-practice settings
ethical business and supervision practices
Immigration Act of 1990
focused on legal immigration (immigration numbers rose by 40% during this time)
Value Conflict or Ethical Dilemma-I
identify stakeholders and impact
Social welfare needs
include: sufficient food, clothing, shelter for physical survival, a safe environment and adequate health-care for treatment, protection from illness and accidents, relationships with other people that provide a sense of being cared for, of being loved and belonging also play an important role, opportunities for emotional, intellectual and spiritual growth and development (Including opportunities for individuals to make use of their innate talents and interests. Opportunities for participation in making decisions about the common life of one's own society, including the ability to make appropriate contributions to the maintenance of life, are important factors in the meeting of needs
Macroeconomic policies
influence inflation and investment, land reform can foster or rein in urbanization, it can drive people into poverty or lift them out of it
Social Justice
is a concept of fair and just relations between the individual and society. ... Social justice assigns rights and duties in the institutions of society, which enables people to receive the basic benefits and burdens of cooperation.
Inclusion in the labor market
is one of the cornerstones of social policy in this regard. Decent employment constitutes one of the environments in which people can express their capacities and aspirations most frequently and effectively
Social policy
it calls upon policy makers to design policies to ensure equal access across social groups, not only to education and health-care but also to water, land, transportation, communication, information and knowledge
Social policy comes into the category of the academic sciences
it is different from other areas of social science, such as sociology, economics and politics, however, because it is based upon a distinct empirical focus-support for the well-being of citizens, provided through social action
Social policy involves two aspects
it refers to the actual policies and programs of governments that affect people's welfare, it connotes an academic field of inquiry concerned with description, explanation and evaluation of policies
Social Welfare
many definitions influenced by ideologies, value premises and intellectual traditions of those who are defining this concept
Human needs have to be
met through some form of system (formal or informal) that guarantees protection when people become vulnerable
Social policy is not a sub-discipline
of another more recognized discipline within the social sciences, such as social work, sociology or economics
Majoritarian programs- examples
old age, survivors and stability insurance (OASDI)-popularly called social security, monthly payments to the elderly or disabled AND Medicare-federal government pays portions of hospital bills for people on social security or children with disabilities
Core values and ethics-importance of human relationships
practice empathy and engage in collaboration
NASW Ethical Principles-the broader society
promote general welfare, participate in social and political action, provide emergency services
Justification for developing a policy is embedded in the need for
rational decision making
Social justice principles
refer to values "that favors measures that aim at decreasing or eliminating inequity; promoting inclusiveness of diversity; and establishing environments that are supportive of all people • include: equity, diversity and supportive environments.
Integration of social concerns into all aspects of public policy aims to
remove barriers and create a "level playing field" for all geographic regions and social groups to participate equally in the developmental process
Civil Rights movement-US
separate but equal, Jim Crow laws, largest KKK expansion, 1st desegregated school, bus boycott, universities began integration, JFK proposed Civil rights act, voting rights act, war on drugs/war on poverty, legal system and disproportionate incarceration, obamas election
Study of social policy
shares certain interests and core concepts with these and other established disciplines
Narrowing the extent of insecurity by enabling individuals and families to meet certain social contingencies
sickness, old age and unemployment which lead otherwise to individual and families crises and ensuring that all citizen without distinction of status or class are offered the best standards available in relation to certain agreed range of social services
Public policies that affect the welfare or social well-being of citizens are known as
social policies
Social welfare is the guarantee
that individuals and families will receive a minimum income irrespective of the market value of their work or their property
Policy
the development, enactment and implementation of a plan or course of action carried through a law, rule, code, or other mechanism in the public or private sector, the justification for developing a policy is embedded in the need for rational decision-making
Supporting social development- third outer ring
the broadest understanding of social policy, draws attention to the fact that many other policy areas influence the direct and content of social policy
Social protection (the inner core)
the core of social policy, it comprises social insurance, social assistance and the central element of family care and solidarity.
social welfare means
the well being of society, the maintenance of the well-being of society is the domain of social welfare policy. Social welfare policy is the collective response to social problems
Policies allow those who are in-charge of resources of a nation, a state, a county, a city in this case governmnets
to respond to people's aspirations in a planned, coordinated, deliberate and systematic manner, and not in a an ad hoc and haphazard way
Purpose of social justice
•Social justice is based on the concepts of human rights and equality. •Can be defined as "the way in which human rights are manifested in the everyday lives of people at every level of society". •A number of movements are working to achieve social justice in society.
The goal of social justice
•The goal of social justice is the full and equal participation of all groups in a society that is mutually shaped to meet their needs. • Social justice includes a vision of society in which the distribution of resources is equitable and all members are physically and psychologically safe and secure.
Purpose of social welfare
•The main purpose of an economic welfare system is to assist citizens who are not able to support themselves or their families due to unemployment, underemployment, hardship, unskilled labor capacity, disability, or other similar reasons. In many cases, elderly persons and single parents may also be eligible for aid.
Racism
•The most important and persistent social problem in America and in the world today is on the rise in increasing ways •Ethnic cleansings, group hatred or retraction of equity laws •One group, threatened by the perceived loss of power •Exercising social, economic and political muscle against the Other to retain privilege by restructuring for social advantage
