Social Studies Reconstruction/Civil war

13 What was a result of the disputed presidential election of 1876? (1) Reconstruction ended as federal troops were removed from the South. (2) Slavery was reestablished in the South by state legislatures. (3) New state laws were passed in the South to guarantee equal rights for African Americans. (4) A constitutional amendment was adopted to correct problems with the electoral college system.

(1) Reconstruction ended as federal troops were removed from the South.

16 "Uncle Tom's Cabin Stirs Controversy" "Kansas Rocked by Bloody Conflict" "John Brown's Raid Angers South" Which statement about the United States in the 1850s is best supported by these headlines? (1) The nation had grown increasingly divided over the future of slavery. (2) Americans had lost confidence in the plan for Reconstruction. (3) Northern and Southern voters were united in support of popular sovereignty. (4) Support for the abolitionist movement decreased during this period.

(1) The nation had grown increasingly divided over the future of slavery.

11 Extending the right to vote in national elections to formerly enslaved African Americans, women, and all citizens at least eighteen years old was accomplished through (1) constitutional amendments (2) congressional laws (3) presidential executive orders (4) Supreme Court decisions

(1) constitutional amendments

12 The Supreme Court ruling in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) helped to increase sectional conflict because the decision (1) denied Congress the power to regulate slavery in the territories (2) allowed for the importation of enslaved persons for ten years (3) prohibited slavery in lands west of the Mississippi River (4) gave full citizenship to all enslaved persons

(1) denied Congress the power to regulate slavery in the territories

20 In the second half of the 1800s, the federal government encouraged the building of transcontinental railroads by (1) giving land to the railroad companies (2) purchasing large amounts of railroad stock (3) forcing convicts to work as laborers (4) taking control of the railroad trust

(1) giving land to the railroad companies

18 After the Civil War, Southern state legislatures attempted to restrict the rights of formerly enslaved persons by (1) passing Black Codes (2) ratifying the 15th amendment (3) supporting the goals of the Radical Republicans (4) enacting legislation to strengthen the Freedmen's Bureau

(1) passing Black Codes

The most direct effect of poll taxes and literacy tests on African Americans was to (1) prevent them from voting (2) limit their access to public facilities (3) block their educational opportunities (4) deny them economic advancements

(1) prevent them from voting

In the 1850s, the phrase "Bleeding Kansas" was used to describe clashes between (1) proslavery and antislavery groups (2) Spanish landowners and new American settlers (3) Chinese and Irish railroad workers (4) Native American Indians and white settlers

(1) proslavery and antislavery groups

15 Before the former Confederate states could be readmitted to the Union, the congressional plan for Reconstruction required them to (1) ratify the 14th amendment (2) imprison all former Confederate soldiers (3) provide 40 acres of land to all freedmen (4) help rebuild Northern industries

(1) ratify the 14th amendment

14 The Reconstruction plans of President Abraham Lincoln and President Andrew Johnson included a provision for the (1) resumption of full participation in Congress by Southern States (2) long-term military occupation of the Confederacy (3) payment of war reparations by Southern States (4) harsh punishment of former Confederate officials

(1) resumption of full participation in Congress by Southern States

"Missouri Compromise Allows Two New States Into the Union" "Congress Agrees to Compromise of 1850" "Popular Sovereignty Adopted Under Kansas- Nebraska Act" Which issue is reflected in these headlines? (1) status of slavery in the territories and states (2) growth of agriculture on the Great Plains (3) clash of federal and state powers (4) conflicts with foreign nations over the West

(1) status of slavery in the territories and states

15 Following Reconstruction, the passage of Jim Crow laws in the South limited the effective- ness of (1) the 14th and 15th amendments (2) the Freedmen's Bureau (3) Black Codes (4) tenant farming and sharecropping

(1) the 14th and 15th amendments

18 In the Compromise of 1877 that ended Reconstruction, Republicans agreed to (1) withdraw federal troops from the South (2) support the Black Codes (3) award the presidency to Democrat Samuel Tilden (4) accept the Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford

(1) withdraw federal troops from the South

Whatwasamajorreasonthatslaveryexpandedin the South in the first half of the 1800s? (1) Federal government regulations favored Southern exports. (2) New inventions led to an increase in cotton production. (3) Most early textile mills were built in the South. (4) The federal government encouraged the importation of enslaved persons.

(2) New inventions led to an increase in cotton production.

In the 1850s, why did many runaway slaves go to Canada? (1) They feared being drafted into the Northern army. (2) The Fugitive Slave Act kept them at risk in the United States. (3) More factory jobs were available in Canada. (4) Northern abolitionists refused to help fugitive slaves.

(2) The Fugitive Slave Act kept them at risk in the United States.

18 Many Southern States tried to limit the effects of Radical Reconstruction by (1) adopting federal laws mandating segregation (2) enacting Jim Crow laws (3) abolishing the Southern sharecropping system (4) securing passage of new amendments to the United States Constitution

(2) enacting Jim Crow laws

Poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses were adopted in Southern States primarily to (1) enforce the terms of the 15th amendment (2) keep African Americans from exercising their right to vote (3) stop criminals and immigrants from voting (4) eliminate bribery and corruption at polling places

(2) keep African Americans from exercising their right to vote

14 Literacy tests and poll taxes were often used to (1) enforce constitutional amendments added after the Civil War (2) limit voter participation by African Americans (3) promote equal educational opportunities for minority persons (4) provide job training for freedmen

(2) limit voter participation by African Americans

The Radical Republicans in Congress opposed President Abraham Lincoln's plan for Recon- struction because Lincoln (1) called for the imprisonment of most Confederate leaders (2) rejected the idea of harsh punishments for the South (3) planned to keep Northern troops in the South after the war (4) demanded immediate civil and political rights for formerly enslaved persons

(2) rejected the idea of harsh punishments for the South

Which action marked the end of Reconstruction in the United States? (1) ratification of the 14th amendment (2) withdrawal of federal troops from the South (3) creation of the Freedmen's Bureau (4) impeachment of President Andrew Johnson

(2) withdrawal of federal troops from the South

12 What was a major result of the Civil War? (1) The judiciary became the dominant branch of the federal government. (2) Congress passed an amendment to provide for the direct election of senators. (3) The power of the central government was strengthened. (4) States were given the right to secede from the Union.

(3) The power of the central government was strengthened.

12 Abolitionists in the pre-Civil War period were most likely to support the (1) removal of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia (2) passage of the Fugitive Slave Act (3) activities of the Underground Railroad (4) use of popular sovereignty in the territories

(3) activities of the Underground Railroad

11 In the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas- Nebraska Act of 1854, popular sovereignty was proposed as a way to (1) allow northern states the power to ban slavery (2) deny southern states the legal right to own slaves (3) allow settlers in new territories to vote on the issue of slavery (4) overturn previous Supreme Court decisions on slavery

(3) allow settlers in new territories to vote on the

17 The Supreme Court decision in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) affected civil rights in the United States by (1) ruling that segregated public schools were unconstitutional (2) rejecting the legal basis of Jim Crow laws (3) approving racial segregation in public facilities (4) strengthening the protections of the 14th amendment

(3) approving racial segregation in public facilities

What was a common purpose of the three amendments added to the United States Constitution between 1865 and 1870? (1) extending suffrage to Southern women (2) reforming the sharecropping system (3) granting rights to African Americans (4) protecting rights of Southerners accused of treason

(3) granting rights to African Americans

11 Which term refers to the idea that settlers had the right to decide whether slavery would be legal in their territory? (1) nullification (2) sectionalism (3) popular sovereignty (4) southern secession

(3) popular sovereignty

16 In the late 1800s, southern state governments used literacy tests, poll taxes, and grandfather clauses to (1) ensure that only educated individuals voted (2) require African Americans to attend school (3) prevent African Americans from voting (4) integrate public facilities

(3) prevent African Americans from voting

18 What was the primary goal of President Abraham Lincoln's post-Civil War policy? (1) establishing military districts in the South (2) extending land ownership to African American men (3) restoring Southern representation in Congress (4) arresting military leaders of the Confederacy

(3) restoring Southern representation in Congress

13 Which Supreme Court decision created the need for a constitutional amendment that would grant citizenship to formerly enslaved persons? (1) Marbury v. Madison (2) McCulloch v. Maryland (3) Worcester v. Georgia (4) Dred Scott v. Sanford

(4) Dred Scott v. Sanford

17 Which argument was used by President Abraham Lincoln to explain his policy of leniency toward the South after the Civil War? (1) Most Southerners have remained loyal to the Union during the war. (2) Most Southerners are willing to grant equality to formerly enslaved persons. (3) The federal government has no authority to punish states for secession. (4) Healing the nation's wounds quickly is essential.

(4) Healing the nation's wounds quickly is essential.

18 What was the decision of the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)? (1) Black Codes were unconstitutional. (2) The citizenship principle established in Dred Scott v. Sanford was repealed. (3) The 15th amendment failed to guarantee the right to vote to all males. (4) Racial segregation did not violate the equal protection provision of the 14th amendment.

(4) Racial segregation did not violate the equal protection provision of the 14th amendment.

15 Which situation was the most immediate result of Abraham Lincoln's election to the presidency in 1860? (1) Kansas and Nebraska joined the Union as free states. (2) A constitutional amendment was adopted to end slavery. (3) Missouri entered the Union as a slave state. (4) Several Southern States seceded from the Union.

(4) Several Southern States seceded from the Union.

Following the Civil War, fewer immigrants settled in the South because (1) most of the new arrivals chose to settle on the Great Plains (2) freedmen had been given most of the available farmland in the South (3) jobs were more plentiful for immigrants on the West Coast (4) more factories that employed unskilled laborers were located in the North

(4) more factories that employed unskilled laborers were located in the North

In his first inaugural address, President Abraham Lincoln stated his main goal for the nation was to (1) use the vote to resolve the conflict over slavery (2) free all slaves in the United States (3) uphold the Dred Scott decision (4) preserve the Union

(4) preserve the Union

14 Most Southern political leaders praised the Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) because it (1) granted citizenship to all enslaved persons (2) upheld the principle of popular sovereignty (3) supported the right of a state to secede from the Union (4) protected the property rights of slave owners in the territories

(4) protected the property rights of slave owners in the territories

12 The Supreme Court decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) was significant because it (1) allowed slavery in California (2) outlawed slavery in the Southern States (3) upheld the actions of the Underground Railroad (4) ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories

(4) ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories

19 During the Reconstruction Era (1865-1877), the 15th amendment was adopted to grant African Americans (1) educational opportunities (2) economic equality (3) freedom of speech (4) voting rights

(4) voting rights