Sociology 1301 test 2
According to conflict theory, how does the nuclear family facilitate exploitation?
through a sexual division of labor within the home
________ occurs when a government bars an individual temporarily or permanently from voting.
disenfranchised
According to Talcott Parsons's understanding of the different roles that family member's play, which of the following examples could be associated with the expressive role?
A mother providing love, care, and affection to her husband and children
Kim Jong Il and his father, Kim Il Sung, Korea's current and former leaders, have both restricted the basic human rights of their subjects. What type of government does North Korea have?
totalitarian
communism
a system of government that eliminates private property; the most extreme form of socialism, because all citizens work for the government and there are no class distinctions
According to Fielder and Carey, what was the median consumption of alcoholic drinks before a hook up for first semester female college students?
3.3
Who are the authors of this article?
Justin Garcia, Chris Reiber, Sean Masse, Ann Merriweather
feminist theory
a theoretical approach that looks at gender inequities in society and the way that gender structures the social world
Wright Mills identifies the small and unified group of people who occupy the highest positions of the major economic, political, and military institutions and exercise tremendous influence in American social life as who?
the power elite
What decade did young adults become even more sexually liberated?
1960's
Which change was associated with the Industrial Revolution?
significant population boom
The U.S. Census Bureau defines "family" as what?
"a group of two people or more (one of whom is the householder) related by birth, marriage, or adoption and residing together"
From a structural functionalist perspective, religion fulfills what role in society?
1. Religion shapes everyday behavior by providing values, rules and morals.2. Provide penance or reconciliation for sins3. gives meaning to our lives.
According to the article, hook up culture emerged as early as the_____ wit the rise of automobile use and novel entertainment venues throughout North America
1920's
At what age do babies become aware of their own gender?
Age 2
According to the article, where di the majority of hook up cultures occur?
College parties
A person's self-conception of being male or female based on his or her association with masculine or feminine gender roles can be defined as:
Gender identity
The large-scale social change making celebrity politicians more popular is the increasing
Importance of television
In what way do functionalists view the family as responsible for the reproduction of society?
It produces and socializes children.
In Loving v. Virginia, the Supreme Court ruled that Virginia's law banning marriage between persons of different races was unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment. What attitude led many to disagree with this decision?
People should partner up with similar people and respect endogamy.
What are organizations formed with the purpose of raising and spending money in order to influence elected officials called?
Special interests groups
What new technology helped to bring about the Industrial Revolution?
Steam engin
Manuel Noriega was never elected president of Panama but became its de facto ruler when he became head of the army and thus powerful enough to demand the resignation of the elected president. Given only this information, what was Noriega's government?
This is authoritarian
gender
the physical, behavioral, and personality traits that a group considers normal for its male and female members
The ________ was a macro-level social change that resulted in new innovations in farming such as mechanized seed spreaders and new techniques of crop rotation.
agricultural revolution
socialism
an economic system based on the collective ownership of the means of production, collective distribu- tion of goods and services, and government regulation
capitalism
an economic system based on the laws of free market competition, privatization of the means of production, and production for profit
Gender identity
an individual's self-definition or sense of gender
What is a political system called that denies ordinary people participation or representation in their government?
authoritarian
conflict theory
because of the traditional division of labor in families, males have had more access to resources and privileges and have sought to maintain their dominance
In the 1940s and 1950s, Alfred Kinsey surveyed Americans to find out about their sexual behavior. His findings were important because they:
challenged the view that Americans were either exclusively heterosexual or homosexual
What are unmarried adults who are romantically involved and live together under the same roof participating in?
cohabitation.
According to the text, what is the MOST extreme form of socialism called?
communism
________ is the theoretical perspective that would lead you to consider the broader social effects of the division of labor between men and women in the household.
conflict theory
On January 30, 2005, Iraq held what many claim were the first free and fair elections in its history, after many decades of military dictatorship. This was seen as the first step in transforming Iraq into what type of government?
democracy
What do workers have available to sell in a capitalist system?
different kids of commodities
________ is the central means by which modern society transmits knowledge, values, and expectations to its members.
education
symbolic interactionism
gender is learned through the process of socialization; gender inequalities are reproduced through interactions with family, peers, schools, and the media
"Fordism" is a system characterized by the increasingly efficient mass production of goods. Why is this system called "Fordism"?
it is named after Henry Ford, who is credited for inventing the assembly line
patriarchy
literally meaning "rule of the father"; a male- dominated society
________ are high-profile individuals who interpret political information and influence the voting habits of the public.
lobbyist
________ is/are the technological development MOST associated with the Information Revolution.
microchip
________ laws prohibited the mixing of racial groups through marriage, cohabitation, or sexual contact.
miscegenation laws
A heterosexual couple raising their children in the same household is defined as a(n) ________ family.
nuclear
One of the primary principles of capitalism is what?
privatization of the means of production.
What is the meaning of propinquity?
refers to the physical or psychological proximity between people.
What are the tactics used by workers to reclaim control of the conditions of their labor called?
resistance strategies
structural functionalism
sex determines which roles men and women are best suited to; it is more appropriate for men to play instrumental roles and for women to play expressive roles
What is the economic system based on collective ownership of the means of production and collective distribution of goods and services called?
socialism
Talcott Parsons held the view that the family is responsible for the reproduction of society as it produces and socializes children who will in turn become future workers and produce and socialize more new members of society. What type of theoretical viewpoint is this?
structuralist/functionalist
Sociologists have noted that the informal teaching practices and power relationships by which schools operate produce a disconnect between democratic values and what actually goes on in schools. To what concept are such arguments referring?
the hidden curriculium
Beyond just money, the economy is about what?
the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.
industrial revolution
the rapid transformation of social life resulting from the technological and economic devel- opments that began with the assembly line, steam power, and urbanization
information revolution
the recent social revolution made possible by the development of the microchip in the 1970s, which brought about vast improvements in the ability to manage information
agricultural revoltuion
the social and economic changes, including population increases, that followed from the domestication of plants and animals and the gradually increasing efciency of food production
What change caused people to migrate to cities from rural areas?
the switch to a manufacturing economy
essentialist perspective
those who believe gender roles have a genetic or biological origin and therefore cannot be changed
constructionist perspective
those who believe that notions of gender are socially determined, such that a binary system is just one possibility among many