Sociology 16

Match each term for sexual violence to its definition.

*sex between close relatives-incest *an umbrella term that includes penetration or touch by force or threat of force-sexual assault *forced penetration or attempted penetration of a person without their consent-rape

Select the bold phrases that describe risk factors for children most likely to experience neglect or abuse. Angel is a kindergarten teacher with a variety of students in her class. Mika's parents were both abused as children by their own parents. Shawn's mom and her boyfriend have violent arguments. Nina lives in an extended-family household. Em's single mother loves her very much but has serious financial and employment stress.

-both abused as children -have violent arguments -has serious financial and employment stress

The divorce rate for adults over age 55 has---The divorce rate for adults over age 55 has---marriages in older age.

-doubled -second or third

The victims of family violence may be classified in three groups: intimate partners, children, and elders. Which elements are usually present in the relationship between victims and perpetrators of family violence?

-intimacy and a care relationship

According to the feminist perspective, intimate partner violence against women is the consequence of---in---of society.

-male domination -every part

The Catholic Church prohibited divorce for centuries while allowing---men to obtain---. This prevented men and women from---, a particularly important restriction by the Church. This changed when King Henry VIII---the Church, thus shifting power over divorce to---.

-powerful -annulments -remarrying -left -the state

Researchers have identified three common forms of intimate partner violence. The first is---, which typically occurs during partners' arguments and does not escalate over time. The second,---,is much more dangerous and is usually perpetrated by---. Finally,---is a response to being abused in which the victim lashes out at his or her abuser.

-situational couple violence -coercive controlling violence -men -violent resistance

Identify the accurate conclusions that may be drawn from this figure.

Accurate Conclusion(s): -Couples who divorce report less life satisfaction in the years leading up to their divorce. Inaccurate Conclusion(s): -Steadily married and divorced couples' life satisfaction levels begin at the same place two years before the point of divorce. -Life satisfaction declines permanently for couples after they divorce. -Two years after divorce, single people have the same life satisfaction levels as married couples.

Identify the accurate conclusions that may be drawn from this figure.

Accurate Conclusion(s): -Remarriage was most common among adults ages 55 to 64. -Remarriage was second most common among adults ages 65 or older. Inaccurate Conclusion(s): -The tendency to remarry drops off drastically in recent cohorts. -Remarriages are now occurring at earlier ages.

Identify the cases in which abuse of children might be considered ambiguous.

Ambiguous Case: -allowing a 9-year-old to stay home alone -frequently neglecting to bring a child to school Not Ambiguous Case: -not allowing a child to eat for 24 hours as punishment -leaving a toddler alone at home

Identify the conclusions that may be drawn from this figure.

Conclusion(s): -As frequency of attending religious services increases, acceptance of divorce decreases. -Liberals view divorce less negatively than conservatives. -Conservatism and religious service attendance are likely to be correlated with each other. Not Conclusion(s): -Conservatives are less likely to divorce.

Identify the contributing factors to sexual abuse perpetrated across institutions, such as the Catholic Church and military.

Contributing Factor(s): -a rigid hierarchy and unwillingness among the leadership to fully address the problem -isolated victims -institutions where men hold the vast majority of the power Not Contributing Factor(s): -institutions with powerful members who are the most likely abusers

Identify each contributing factor to declining rates of family violence.

Contributing Factor(s): -women's increased economic independence and ability to divorce -social services devoted to helping abuse victims -a decline in the opportunity to abuse within cohabiting or married relationships Not Contributing Factor(s): -a steadily growing economy

Identify the questions that apply to both intimate partner violence and sexual violence in the workplace.

Correct Answer(s): -Did the sexual activity occur with consent? -Did the alleged sexual activity occur? Incorrect Answer(s): -Was the relationship a care relationship? -Did the behavior meet the definition of incest?

Identify the legal cases in which rape has sometimes not been recognized as rape.

Correct Answer(s): -cases in which the victim was married to the accused -cases in which the victim did not resist Incorrect Answer(s): -cases in which the victim and accused were relatives, such as cousins -cases in which the accused was a stranger to the victim

Identify the relationship dynamics that are associated with divorce.

Correct Answer(s): -violence -frequent disagreement about household tasks Incorrect Answer(s): -being religious -spending too much time together

Identify the social and structural changes that have affected the definition of stepfamily relationships in recent years.

Effect(s): -increasing uncertainty over who is part of a household -increasing uncertainty over who is part of a household -increasing rates of cohabitation Not Effect(s): -the recent decline in the divorce rate

The general decline in criminal violence in the United States since the 1990s does not include family violence, which seems to have slightly increased. "True" or "False"

False

Identify the demographic groups that are more likely than their counterparts to remarry.

More Likely to Remarry: -men versus women -Hispanics versus all other ethnicities Less Likely to Remarry: -adults ages 35 to 44 versus all other age groups adults with less education versus those with more education

Identify the plausible explanations for racial-ethnic differences in rates of intimate partner violence.

Plausible Explanation(s): -Poverty and unemployment are stratified by race/ethnicity. -Social services for victims of family violence are more accessible to some racial-ethnic groups than others. Implausible Explanation(s): -The likelihood of reporting intimate partner violence to the police varies by race/ethnicity. -Some racial-ethnic groups have a cultural inclination towards abuse.

Match each description to the corresponding type of divorce rate.

Refined Divorce Rate -most useful for estimating divorce within the population of people considered "at risk" -most useful for understanding demographic trends in divorce Divorce-Marriage Ratio -most useful for comparing total divorces with total marriages Crude Divorce Rate- -most useful for estimating the number of divorces per person -most useful for understanding long-term trends

Lesbians and straight women are both more likely to experience intimate partner violence than gay and straight men. True False

True

Identify the true and false statements about remarriage.

True Statement(s): -Among divorced persons, men are more likely than women to remarry in any given year. -African Americans are less likely to remarry, compared with other racial/ethnic groups. False Statement(s): -Remarriage is less common after divorce and more common after widowhood. -Most people who remarry avoid cohabitation.

Identify the true and false statements about the Dozier School for Boys.

True Statement(s): -Boys as young as 5 were incarcerated at the school, where they were brutally abused. -Still today, survivors of this school describe how the harm impacted their entire lives. False Statement(s): -Girls at the school were a very small minority and were targeted for mistreatment. -The #MeToo movement has promoted justice for the child victims of violence at this school.

Defining family violence is sometimes ambiguous. Identify each aspect as either usually present between victims and perpetrators or only sometimes present.

Usually Present: -intimacy between victim and perpetrator -a care relationship between victim and perpetrator Sometimes Present: -emotional, verbal, and physical violence are all present -violence that escalates from serious to life-threatening

Identify the child behaviors that are warning signs of family violence.

Warning Sign(s): -experiencing weight problems -acting out or abusing drugs and alcohol Not Warning Sign: -having many close friends -being shy around others

Match each type of divorce rate to its definition.

calculates the frequency of divorce to the frequency of new marriages- divorce-marriage ratio calculates the number of divorces per 1,000 people in a country- crude divorce rate calculates the number of divorces per 1,000 married couples in a country- refined divorce rate

Place each reason for not reporting intimate partner violent crime with the correct percentage of victims who state that reason.

dealt with personally- 21% police wouldn't or couldn't help- 15% fear of reprisal or getting offender in trouble- 38%

Emily is an unhappily married woman in 1975. Emily gets a job and for the first time earns her own income. Match the outcome of her story to the theory about employment and independence as they relate to divorce.

income effect-Emily's income stabilizes family finances, and the marriage improves. independence effect-Emily now feels empowered and equipped to divorce.

Select the bold phrase that illustrates boundary ambiguity. Amy and Ivy married recently. Ivy was previously married and has a daughter named Ella. Ella is Amy's stepdaughter. Amy's mother is unhappy about Amy's marriage to Ivy, but she enjoys being a grandmother to Ella. Ivy wants her ex-husband to come to birthday parties and Christmas dinner, but Amy sees a former spouse as not part of the family.

sees a former spouse as not part of the family.