Sociology ch 15
Cults
" religious groups that are small, secretive, and highly controlling of members and have a charismatic leader
The protestant work ethic was viewed in terms of it's relationship to:
Capitalism
Buddhism
Founded by Siddhartha Gautama. 500 BCE. Buddha means enlightened one. Four noble truths-Life is suffering, suffering attachment to desires, suffering ceases when attachment to desire ceases, freedom from suffering is possible by following the middle way.
A culture universal is something that:
Is found in all cultures
Megachurches tend to have:
Large arenas where services are held.
Confucianism
Official religion of china from 200 BCE until it was abolished by communist. Developed my Kung Fu-Tzu.
Some controversial groups that may be mislabels as cults include:
Scientology and the Hare Krishna
Many stories in the scared text of Judaism are:
Shared by christianity and islam
Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from a micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individual's sense of support and well-being?
Symbolic interactionism
atheism
The belief in no detities
Religious rituals
behaviors or practices that are either requires for or expected of the members of a particular group
Denomination
large, mainstream religion that is not sponsored by the state
A sect:
often believes it must split from the larger group to return to important fundamentals
Monotheism
religion based on belief in a single deity
polytheism
religion based on belief in multiple deities
Religious beliefs
specific ideas that members of a particular faith hold to be true
animism
the religion that believes in the divinity of nonhuman beings, like animals, plants, and objects of the natural world
In what ways does religion see the role of a social institution?
All of the above: -Religions have a complex and integrated set of norms. -Religious practices and beliefs are related to societal values. -Religious often meet several basic needs.
What do christianity and Islam have in common?
All of the above: Both believe in a single supreme God. Both share many of the same stories in their central religious text. Both believe in an afterlife.
In what part of the world would have confucianism and Taoism been primarily practiced?
China
the main difference between an ecclesia and a denomination is:
Ecclesia are state-sponsored and considered an official religion.
Social scientists refer to the use of a church to combat social injustice in the political realm as:
Liberation Theology
What are some denominations of the Christian protestant church?
Methodist and seventh-day Adventist
sect
a small, new offshoot of denomination
megachurch
christian church that has a very large congregation averaging more than 2,000 people who attend regular weekly services
Which socialist perspective most emphasizes the ways which religions help maintain social inequalities within a society?
conflict theory
Ecclesia
religion that is considered that state religion
Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to keep the social system running smoothly?
Functional perspective
Islam
Monotheistic religion. Follows teaching of the profit Muhammad. Islam means peace and submission.
Which of the following do the functionalist and conflict perspectives share?
Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms
Hinduism
oldest religion, Originated in the indus river valley, about 4500 years ago, one billion followers, believe in the divine power that can manifest as a different entities, three main incarnations-Brahma, Vishnu, shiva, sacred text is the Vedas
established sects
sects that last but do not become denominations
Religion
system of belief, values, and practices concerning what a person holds to be sacred and spiritually significant
Totemism
the belief in a divine connection between human and other natural beings
religious experience
the conviction or sensation that one connected to the divine
Liberation theology
the use of a church to promote social change via the political arena
